How Exercise And / Or Nutrition Can Effect The Reversal Of Insulin Resistance

Obesity is an increasing issue in modern society. It has been deemed an ‘epidemic in the developed world’ and statistics (from Public Health England) show obesity in the United Kingdom has been on the rise for many years, with currently 61.9% of men and women being obese or overweight. In England alone, 1 in 4 adults (age 16 years or over) are currently obese – (25.6%) - placing more than half the adult population overweight or obese (HSE, 2014). This growing problem in developed countries is responsible for thousands of deaths each year due to a number of contributory factors.

This is because exercise decreases insulin resistance and can have a direct effect on decreasing blood glucose levels. Regular aerobic exercise (extremely important because it lowers blood glucose and decreases cardiovascular risk factors). Additionally, exercise is recommended at the same time and in the same amount every day.

As per Healthy People 2020 most Americans do not consume healthy diets and are not physically active at levels needed to maintain proper health. As a result of these behaviors the nation has experienced a dramatic increase in obesity in the U.S with 1 in 3 adults (34.0%) and 1 and 6 children and adolescents (16.2%) are obese. In addition to grave health consequences of being overweight and obese. It significantly raises medical cost and causes a great burden on the U.S medical care delivery system ("Healthy People 2020," 2014, p. 1).

In the United States today, obesity has become an enormous problem. In the last 3 decades, the number of people overweight has increased dramatically. A study done by the Centers of Disease Control showed that since 1980, one third of our adult population has become overweight. America is the richest but also the fattest nation in the world and our obese backsides are the butt of jokes in every other country (Klein 28). The 1980s were a time when Americans suddenly started going crazy over dieting, jumping onto the treadmills, and buying prepackaged non-fat foods. However, while all of that was going on, the number of obese Americans began to increase. According to a report in the Journal of the American Medical Association, 58 million

“Obesity is a disease that affects more than one-third of the U.S adult population (approximately 78.6 million Americans). The number of Americans with obesity had steadily increase since 1960, a trend that has slowed down in recent years but show no sign of reversing”.

According to the USDA, at the start of century 21st American people have increased their daily caloric intake by consuming five hundred calories more than in 1970. As cited by Whitney & Rolfes (2011), there are many recognized causes of obesity such as genetics, environment, culture, socioeconomic, and metabolism among others; but the cause most evident

68.8 percent of people in the United States and 30 percent of the entire global population are obese. “Obesity today is officially an epidemic; it is arguably the most pressing public health problem we face, costing the healthcare system an estimated $90 billion a year.” said Michael Pollan in “The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals.”

The nutrition transition and the increasing westernization, urbanization and mechanization occurring in most countries around the world is associated with changes in the diet towards one of high fat, high energy-dense foods and a sedentary lifestyle (Popkin, 2001). This shift is also associated with the current rapid changes in childhood and adult obesity. Even in many low income countries, obesity is now rapidly increasing, and often coexists in the same population with chronic under nutrition.

Adult overweight and obesity have become a worldwide issue that has very dangerous consequences on health. World Health Organization defines obesity as the “epidemic of the 21st Century”. WHO reports show that 1.9 billion people with 18 years age and older are overweight, and 600 million of them are obese. In the United States, obesity is a serious problem today that results from overconsumption of high-fat food and sugary food with lack of exercise. The Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention reports show that the obesity rates are above 20 percent in all states. Overweight and obesity have become a major public health issue because of their high rates of mortality and morbidity. People who are considered overweight or obese are at increased

According to the CDC, over 35 percent of Americans suffer from obesity. One of the most obvious rises of diabetes and obesity is the Lazy/food culture that we have adopted in the recent decades. It is shown that consumption of energy packed foods and a low spending of it, causes that excessive energy to be stored inside our body. With the rise of electronics, and food

Statistical information confirms: obesity and overweight have already turned into an issue of national concern. In 2002, “a National Survey conducted by American Sports Data revealed that 61% of adults in the U.S. felt that they were overweight, 19% admitting that they were ‘considerably’ overweight” (American Sports Data). The major causes of obesity, overweight, and similar nutritional problems included genetics, population trends, hurried lifestyles, high-carbohydrate diets, less demanding workplaces, smoking cessation, and social class aspects (American Sports Data). That hurried lifestyles and a less demanding workplace contribute in the development of obesity trends is clear. But even more importantly, because the number of those who are overweight or obese exceeds one half of the American population, the government must control our diets. The information about the costs of obesity and related diseases is even more compelling.

Obesity is an immense epidemic that is drastically increasing world wide (Pandita et al., 2016). It is present virtually in all countries globally and continues to grow rapidly. Obesity is a problem that affects countless number citizen’s across the globe and is caused by various of factors within their lifestyle (Pandita et al., 2016). The World Health Organization states that “ Worldwide obesity has tripled since 1975” (WHO,2018). This statistics proves how vigorously obesity has grown over a certain timeframe and how it will still continue to grow at a steady rate. It is a worldwide epidemic that many individuals especially children struggle to cope with on a daily basis. There are various of factors that provoke the growth of obesity. Possible

The non-genetic causes of obesity in all over the world are increase in uptake of high caloric junk food, increase in inactive lifestyle, increase in luxurious travelling [5]. Obesity seems to emerge as a major health epidemic due to the sedentary so called modern lifestyle [2]. The change in our behaviors toward food and physical activities has resulted in the shape of high obesity levels world-wide. When high caloric food is consumed, excessive amount of energy is stored in the form of fats in adipose tissue. The use of energy is in the form of basal metabolic rate, including the thermic effect of food and physical activity (both exercise and non-exercise movements). With the passage of time, if the lifestyle remains sedentary along with

Today, millions of new people become affected by type 2 diabetes every year. Diabetes ranks seventh among the leading causes of death in the United States and is causes more deaths than breast cancer and AIDS combined. Most people don't know how deadly this disease is. Weight loss is a primary goal towards preventing the disease. Therefore, almost every day companies introduce new medicines, pills, and diet plans that promise weight loss. These techniques are not always effective and they can be extremely expensive. However, there is an inexpensive old stand-by called “exercise” that has been proven over and over to reduce and control weight. Exercise is the most offered suggestion by doctors to prevent adult onset diabetes. People have to

Obesity is classified as one of the extremely common and serious public health problems in the world. Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading global risks of mortality in the world (World Health Organization, 2009). Furthermore, they are one of the major factors of for a number of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, heart disease, stroke, diabetes and cancer (World Health Organization, 2005). According to NHS UK, obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more for adults, and the UK 1990 growth reference curves are used to define obesity for Children (Cole TJ, Freeman JV, Preece MA, 1995). The growing challenge of obesity of Europe countries is remarkable among Asian countries .In 2008, 1.4 billion adults (35%) aged 20 and over were overweight and 500 million were obese (11%). More than 40 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese in 2012(World Health Organization, 2014). That is the global obesity situation. Furthermore, the obesity problem in the UK is not optimistic, the UK has the highest obesity rates among Europe countries, and this trend has strikingly increased over the recent years to the point where more than 20% of the population are now obese. (University of Birmingham, 2014) However, the obesity situation in Singapore is more worrisome. In 2010, 40% adults aged 18 to 69 were overweight and 10% were obese which is more than double the level seen in 1992. (Ministry of Health Singapore, 2010) This essay will