How IV Infusion Works in a Patient Essay example

However, there are additional guidelines in terms of assessing the patient for prolonged catheter use. There should be frequent assessment and evaluation of the patient’s need for continued use. It is important to note that in addition to determining the patient’s need for catheterization, prior to insertion the nurse should also complete the following:

artery or vein. The tube in this artery is connected to a mechanical pump that

My job has double check for all iv medication that is given. There are no verbal orders the team must place the order while rounding or within 10 mins of the conversation. We encourage family and patient to ask questions. Doing the right thing even if it’s not your patients. In a case where a RN was applying cream to a sacral wound that had eschar. It was encouraged to do a wet to dry and call for consult with wound team. It is never easy to give advice to a coworker that is season; however, it is never easy to watch a person perish due to staffing errors. Huddles are great way to get information across without placing blame. Giving advice in a non-judgmental way to coworkers. Continues education and begin a resource are a few ways to ensure patient

It can also occur during blood transfusion or during dressing change. The insertion of central catheters can occur in the Interventional Radiology or sometimes at the bedside. Regardless of the where the insertion process occur, a sterile field must always be maintained and sterile techniques must always be employed to prevent any organisms from being introduced to the central line into the patient. According to The Joint Commission (2013), many organizations such as Michigan Keystone Intensive Care Unit Project and Institute for Healthcare Improvement are actually adhering to insertion bundles to reduce the CLABSI rates. The bundles include hand hygiene, maximal barrier precautions, chlorhexidine skin preparation, avoidance of femoral vein, and prompt removal of central catheter. Furuya et al. (2011) studied the effectiveness of the insertion bundle and how it impacts the bloodstream infections for patients in the Intensive Care Unit. As a result, lesser infection have occurred when the compliance is high. As mentioned, the site of the catheter also needs to be considered in the insertion process. Avoiding areas such as the groin to access the femoral artery is recommended because this area can be easily contaminated with urine or feces. In addition, after the insertion of a new central line, all the used IV tubing

Only when it is absolutely necessary should a catheter be inserted into a patient. Every patient is assessed for the need for a Foley catheter. If the Foley is inserted, assessments are also then done daily to see if the need is still valid. If the reason is not justifiable the catheter must be removed from the patient (Joint Commission releases new NPSG for CAUTI, 2011). Nurses must follow guidelines while inserting indwelling catheters as well. Aseptic technique is critical to maintain during this process. The use of sterile equipment and a sterile procedure helps to reduce the risk of CAUTI. If in any way the catheter becomes contaminated during the process of insertion, the nurse should discard of the entire catheter and start with a new, sterile kit. Proper hand hygiene is very important before and after contact with indwelling catheters to decrease risk of infection. Maintenance of a close drainage is system is also important that way bacteria are not able to get in and cause infection (Revello & Gallo, 2013). Decreasing the number of times Foleys are inserted and how long they stay in for can help reduce the risk of CAUTI since the longer a Foley stays in, the higher the risk of infection becomes. Nurses must keep the catheter line patent, with no kinks to allow urine to flow freely through into the collection bag. When a urine sample must be obtained it must be done in a sterile

*Intravenous (IV) injection administration – The medicine is administered directly into the veins. Medicines are rapidly absorbed into the body via this route, which is advantageous when a situation is life threatening.

1. There are a number of types of materials and equipment needed for the administration of medication via the different routes. They all serve a type and purpose these include:

Intramuscular - An injection of drugs into the muscle which allows a deposit of drugs to become established that will be released gradually

Rectal medications are absorbed very quickly. Suppositories are available and are given into the rectum. Pessaries are given into the vagina.

A buretrol attachment is used to restrict the total volume of IV fluids that a client receives (D). (A and B) control the rate of administration, but not the total volume infused. (C) reduces the risk of infusion of particulates but does not control the volume

541). Interventions should be rendered continuously, promptly and appropriately as it can cause life-threatening complications (Holt 2009, p. 26). Apparently, the patient is stable, but continuous assessment and management should be done to avoid recurrences of untoward signs andsymptoms and prevent potential complications. Firstly, continuous assessment and vital signs should be done and these include blood pressure, cardiac rate, respiration, venous distention and skin turgor to assess possible occurrence of fluid overload as a result of rapid administration of large fluid that is often needed to treat the patient with DKA (Smeltzer & Bare 2004 p. 1185). Aside from this, documentation of fluid intake and output should be monitored and documented to assess for circulatory overload and renal function (Holt 2009, p. 61). Significantly, it is integral in the provision of continuous care that nurses reassess the factors that may have contribute or led to DKA, and educate the patient and his family about strategies to prevent its recurrences (Smeltzer & Bare 2004 p. 1186; Lemone, Burke & Bauldoff 2011, p. 551).

For general anesthesia maintenance: 50 - 100% of the full IV or IM induction dose can be repeated as needed.

This is especially important on those patients admitted with low mortality risk DRGs. This is accomplished by identifying and preventing, potentially avoidable complications and adverse events. For example, patients admitted for syncope and collapse secondary to dehydration will more than likely be placed on IV Fluids. One goal would be to hydrate the patient and reevaluate them throughout their hospitalization for improvement. However, if the patient’s intake and output is not monitored closely, the patient can become volume overloaded and develop symptoms similar to those seen with Right Sided Heart Failure. Once that happens, the patient will require additional medications and additional hospital days because of provider error of not placing an order for the Nurses to monitor his/her volume status.

Similarly to doctors and pharmacists, nurses also rely on the metric system and are required to convert measurements quickly. Many nurses deal with this daily through calculating IV drip rates. Most IV bags contain one thousand cubic centimeters of fluid. A doctor may order his/her nurse to administer one thousand cubic centimeters every 8 hours. This may not seem too difficult, but in order to do this a nurse has to precisely calculate the drip rate of the machine so that the patient gets the required amount of medication in the time frame the doctor suggests. In contrast, a smaller bag of IV fluid may require instruction to give a patient five hundred milligrams every thirty minutes (Boyd). Before calculating the drip rate of the small bag, a nurse would have to convert the original cubic centimeters to milligrams.

The use of intravenous therapy in the hospitals is now considered a routine therapy. In 2016, DeVries and Valentine stated that 70% to 80% of hospital patients have peripheral intravenous lines at some time during their stay. A peripheral intravenous (PIV) line is a small hollow tube (catheter) that is inserted into a vein and can be connected to special tubing. PIV line is commonly used to administer medications or fluids directly into the vein. The article “Intravenous Therapy: A Review of Complications and Economic Considerations of Peripheral Access,” states that the history of intravenous (IV) therapy dates back to the Middle Ages. Dr. Thomas Latta pioneered the use of IV saline infusion during the cholera epidemic and in the 20th century, two world wars established a role for IV therapy as routine medical practice (Dychter, Gold, Carson, & Haller, 2012).