How Intelligence Did Not Have A Better Effective Working Memory?

People rely on incoming information and stored information to perform their everyday functions. However, humans have a natural capacity of how much information they can attain. We are unable to store all of our acquired information without different systems that organize our information. Working memory is one of these systems that temporarily holds and manages information for cognitive processing (119). Baddeley’s working memory model is made up of four components that allow for temporary information to be stored (109).

Charles Spearman's model of intelligence and Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory are two of the most widely used theories of intelligence. In order to understand how similar the two theories are we must first understand their differences. These two men differed in opinion on how IQ and intelligence should be measured, and they differed in opinion on what made a person "smart". In order to examine these things they first had to understand the human brain and how it works. They had to examine the human study habits and rituals, along with the human test taking habits.

There are a slew of tests that attempt to measure how intelligent human beings are. They all measure different aspects and those factors will be covered here. One of the misconceptions is that the tests measure inborn intelligence. Few of the activities are designed for that purpose. They actually measure a person’s interaction with the environment and what they have learned from that interaction. The most common tested aspect is critical thinking. Instead of straightforward questions, intelligence tests offer questions with a twist. It is assumed that the most intelligent people will see obvious flaws in the obvious answers (Steinberg & Williams, 2015). Some intelligence tests also measure reflexes, both mental and physical. The assumption is quick reaction times reflect an active brain and in the line of thinking, a more intelligent person.

Smart people can categorize their strengths and weakness giving them the opportunity to leverage those strengths and weaknesses. Successful and intelligent people have the ability to evaluate, and analyze their abilities. This is different compared to Spearman's g factor because it elaborates how intelligent people can be successful and excel in life (Nevid, 2015).

In Blue-Collar Brilliance, Mike Rose states that intelligence is closely associated with formal education- the type of schooling a person has, how much, and how long." (p. 276) He supports his statement by using his mother, Rosie, and uncle, Joe, as examples by showing how they used different skills to perform their jobs.

Researchers such as Logie, Baddeley and Bunge generally agree that the short-term memory is made up of a number of components or subsystems. The working memory model has replaced the idea of a unitary store short-term memory as suggested by the multistore model. The working memory model explains a lot more and in a lot more detail than the multistore model. It makes sense a range of tasks- verbal reasoning, comprehension, reading, problem solving and visual and spatial processing, it also applies to real life tasks such as reading which involves the phonological loop subsystem, problem solving which involves the central executive and navigation which involves the visual and spatial subsystem. The Working Memory Model is supported by

The Working Memory Index measures the EE104’s ability to register, maintain, and manipulate visual and auditory information in conscious awareness. Working Memory assists an individual in controlling attention and resisting distractions. This index is composed of the Digit Span and Picture Span subtests. EE104 exhibited a strength on the Picture Span (high average) subtest compared to the Digit Span subtest (low average). This discrepancy may indicate that EE104 can best utilize working memory in problem solving when a visual, rather than a verbal, stimulus is presented. During the administration of the Digit Span subtest, EE104 listened

The participants will be given The Working Memory Test Battery for Children (WMTB-C) devised by Gathercole and Pickering (2001). This test consists of four tasks which include

intelligence is determined by environment or genetics. The fact that human DNA is nearly identical across

Research evidence for the working model of memory varies. Case studies of brain damaged patients support this model a lot. The case study of KF - a brain damaged patient with no problem with long term learning but some aspects of his immediate memory were impaired. This has proven that the working model of memory was right when suggesting that short term store works independently of long term store. In addition to evidence supporting this model, Baddeley and Hitch did a research on making participants do two tasks using the same or different components. Task one occupied the central executive, task two either involved the articulatory loop or both the central executive and the articulatory loop. Speed on task one was the same whether using the articulatory loop or no extra task. This shows that doing two tasks that involve the same component causes difficulty. It also suggested that when two different components are used, performance is not affected.

to high intelligence are more prone to accidents, and have a smaller number of steady

Possessing intelligence or not have long been argued about. The common theory about what determines smartness or dumbness has typically connected the matter to the individual’s genes. Consequently, these traits are typically considered something a person is born with. However, recent research confirms that intelligence is developed by the individual himself. This research indicates that the human brain is similar to a muscle and needs exercising to improve it. It also proves that the individual has the ability to respond to any situation based on how he thinks, and that what is called the mindset. There are two types of mindsets, there is the fixed mindset and there is the growth mindset.

Once a person has an idea of what intelligence is and what it means, a final thought one might consider is what influences are responsible for the different types of intellect. Two possible influences are genetics and the environment in which one lives, with genetics being the strongest influence (Santrock, 2009, pg. 302). Most researchers agree that a person’s genetics and environment interact with one another to influence the outcome of that person’s intelligence (Santrock, 2009, pg. 302). Genetic influences should be pretty obvious, so there should be no need to explain it; a person’s environment on the other hand, can involve several factors. An environment can consist of elements such as a person’s school, home, friendships, family relationships, and workplaces. All of these components factor in to influence a person’s intelligence.

Even though being smart is different from being intelligent, individuals can be both smart and intelligent. Individuals can also be neither smart nor intelligent. There are people like Dr. Ben Carson and Karl Marx who are both smart and intelligent. There are also people who are neither smart nor intelligent like like Mike Tyson. Dr. Carson was an individual who grew up in the ghettos of Detroit and through books he was able to gain much knowledge and do well in school. He eventually used his intelligence to become the first neurosurgeon to split up siamese twins successfully. Karl Marx was also very smart and intelligent. He was a German economist and philosopher. He was incredibly

Cognitive intelligence has historically been considered a good indicator of future success within our society. A study by Daniel Goleman, an author and psychologist digs