How Is Carbon Captured?

* When we burn hydrocarbon fuels in the air the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are completely oxidized. They produce carbon dioxide and water.

In today’s world, the topic of energy is dominated by one thing: ancient organic matter. Carbon and oxygen that existed in this matter when it was alive is still present and is released in the form of carbon dioxide when the coal and oil it was compressed into is burned. The problem is that the carbon that was buried over millions of years was never naturally supposed to be released back into the atmosphere it used to exist in at such an alarming rate. The amount of carbon dioxide flooding into our atmosphere needs to be limited or there will be severe consequences in our future.

Carbon Capture and Sequestration is the process of reducing emissions of carbon dioxide by injecting the compound back in the ground. The process takes 3 steps:

Scrubbing Carbon Dioxide Lab By: Ryan Cargie Partner: Isabel Brandt December 10, 2015 Introduction: **see works cited page for websites Currently, in order to get the energy from coal you must burn the coal which is a dirty process. To get the energy, one grinds the coal into a fine powder and then it is burned in the air which produces steam and it can then be used for energy. This process often creates the pollutant nitrogen oxide and in addition carbon dioxide which is hard to isolate because of the small amount of it that is produced in the exhaust. Recently there have been two new discoveries on ways to reduce this dirtiness and the pollution created from the burning.

First, reduction of GHG, carbon capture and sequestration. Reduction of GHG is one of the most challenging tasks currently facing by the world scientists. Although a minor reduction process has been succeeded but they were used synthetic chemicals, which are in fact not good for environment. In consideration of this realism for protecting the future, my research will be focused to reduce GHG by developing new technologies on the biological mechanisms and without using any chemicals (Fig. ---). As I mentioned above (patent pending), I have already succeeded to reduce GHG up to 12%. In this long term project, I have targeted to clean the air 100% by reducing the harmful anthropogenic GHG as necessary. In this aspect, Carbon capture and sequestration is a very potent technique. Following this approach, carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon will be processed for a long-term storage. This process will be focused to capture CO2 by mimicking nature’s process for hardening tissues in living organisms. This is a similar biological process of corals and other calcifying organisms (ref--). However, here I would use a newly discovered group of microbes (described in the patent). In this technique, CO2 will be used as a potential beneficial material to produce highly useful products such as beneficial mineral for human health (fig--). In addition, some natural material (following the patent Aqua-NOF-GHG with some modification) will be used on carbon capture in

This is not only a benefit to the environment, but it also benefits the shareholders as a more efficient company will turn a better profit. Suncor has made it a goal to improve energy efficiency by 10% by 2015. To do this is had focused on developing technologies to increase energy efficiency and recapture. Carbon capture and storage (CCS), Integrated CO2 Network (ICO2N) and CO2 Capture Project (CCP3) are all developed policy and technology projects that have been deployed throughout the Suncor organization. Suncor is also taking a leadership role in Carbon Management Canada (CMC). Suncor is revisiting future growth project designs to evaluate GHG reduction opportunities. Suncor is also participating in advanced research on GHG abatement technologies through CMC, ICO2N, CCP3 and other groups.

There is also a need to provide concentrated CO2 to increase the rate of production.

In an attempt to meet climate emissions goals, scientists are obtaining and using carbon dioxide emitted by power plants and other sources. In theory, carbon dioxide is easy to capture. This is because it is acidic, and it reacts effortlessly with simple bases like amines. In practice, however, amine scrubbing, the method used by some power plants to capture carbon dioxide for cleaning flue gases, is defeated because it encloses the greenhouse gas in water-based solutions. An abundance of energy is required to heat these great amounts of water in order to release the carbon dioxide that was captured and to renew the amines.

Society today relies primarily on carbon-based fuels, whether it be coal, natural gas, oil, or gasoline. Consumption of these fuels is anticipated to grow in the future. Research is being conducted to remove or decrease carbon dioxide emissions from power plants and cars. As we saw in the video “The Story of Stuff” the toxic gases emitted from the incinerators is an enormous environmental and social problem.

The Azolla Foundation has pioneered research on azolla’s carbon dioxide capture abilities and has found that Azolla can capture and store a maximum of 70 tons/hectare/year of carbon dioxide. This amount is 30 times faster than northern grasslands and 8 times faster than northern forests (The Azolla Foundation, 2015). Azolla is potentially vastly more efficient than any other plant life in the northern hemisphere at capturing carbon dioxide. The reason azolla is such a good option for carbon dioxide sequestration is that people have incentive to grow it for its other uses unlike grasslands or forest. Other methods proposed to sequester carbon are not nearly as feasible for the amount of carbon that needs to be removed from our atmosphere. The main method proposed is a mechanical chemical process that draws in air with large chimneys but this method has the draw back of high cost. This approach requires large areas for underground storage of carbon dioxide in its gaseous state and large buildings to handle the air which are expensive. Unlike azolla this method does not convert the carbon dioxide into a solid and therefore the captured carbon has to be stored deep underground. Azolla captures carbon within itself and when the azolla dies the plant rots away what’s left is biochar. Biochar is a synthetically maid type of coal that could be burned like any other coal. Burning it would release the carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere however which would defeat purpose of storing it in the first place. Instead of letting the azolla turn to biochar however most of it would be used as a fertilizer or as animal feed which provides an economic incentive. Azolla will be an important part of building a world that has a sustainable way of producing

The aim of this section is to discuss the potential environmental impacts of CO2-EOR (as well as CO2 sequestration) which may cause additional significant issues not encountered in normal oil and gas operations. There are number of variables that should be considered when planning for CO2 flooding as well as CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) in order to reduce potential adverse impacts on the humans as well as the environment. When it comes to CO2 EOR, or CO2 flooding, the main concerns are how to prevent it from leaking to the nearby formations, such as potable water sources and such as well as how to make sure the CO2 is retained in the repository of interest in case of CO2 sequestration.

    The overall cause of Co2 is that it can be very harmful for global warming. The solution for this problem is to use green electricity, make energy use efficiency, use electricity satisfactorily at home, recycle and have public transport. According to,  @bravenewclimate. "Top 10 Ways to Reduce Your CO2 Emissions Footprint." Brave New Climate. N.p., 09 May 2012. Web. 11 Dec. 2016. These are one of the best solutions for Co2 and by understanding more about Co2 we can limit the negative substances Co2 creates and increase the use of Co2 in a more positive fashion in the

CO2 is the most significant greenhouse gas, which mainly comes from the use of fossil fuels. Many people feel that content of CO2 in the atmosphere is the main reason for manmade global warming. The main sources of CO2 emissions involve electricity generation, industrial processes, fumes from transportation and commercial buildings and use. Emissions of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, to the atmosphere are expected to cause even more of a significant change in global climate (Davison, 2007). The main focus to try to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is to reduce the amount that is released from coal-fired power plants. Greenhouse gas emissions that involve the productions of electricity come from natural gas production and coal-fired power plant operations. Natural gas production accounts for twenty-four percent and coal-fired power plant operations accounts for seventy-five percent, while the other one percent is caused by other electricity generation operations. The main reason why coal-fired power plants have a higher percentage of emissions is because the sulfur content of coal is much higher than that of other fossil fuels (Jarmaillo et al., 2007). This proves that there is a great need to find an alternative fossil fuel to use instead of coal. Although coal is easy to mine, transport and process for the electricity generation process, it is also the

It is very difficult to replace the heavy capital invested in the fossil fuel industry . Thus nations are several years away from decarbonisation. NETs are flexible mitigation technologies allowing the use of existing energy infrastructure to meet increasing power demands minus the resulting carbon emissions. One of the promising features of NETs such as CCS is its ability to pull out the undesirable CO2 emissions, allowing the use of domestically available supplies of fossil fuels . This can lead to huge cost savings.

CO2 is one the gases in the greenhouse gas family and with “a stronger greenhouse effect [it] will warm the oceans and partially melt glacier and other ice, increasing sea level” (Climate Change). As humans continue to emit greenhouse gases into the air it is inevitable that sea levels will raise, temperatures will increase throughout the globe, and ultimately change the climate drastically damaging many ecosystems and impacting the way in which humans live on Earth. Many make the argument that the reason fossil fuels are the primary source of energy is due to their density amount of energy, but there is another source of energy that has energy even more dense than fossil fuels.