King Lear
Is it within the realms of human nature to be innately evil, or is it an attribute developed via nurture? An often contested topic; it provokes the mind to wonder whether these concepts belong in conjunction with each other, or merit opposite entities of their own. The theory of nature vs. nurture shapes the basis of Shakespeare’s world famous play, King Lear. He explores and encapsulates the base animal nature that is inherent in all humans. Shakespeare’s ingenuous plays, theatre acts and pioneering vocabulary allowed him to excel far past the poets preceding and following his time. In the play, King Lear, the playwright demonstrates through the use of character and rhetorical devices that human beings are fundamentally driven
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Edmund’s sinister intent is brought forth via his characterization and is then explicated through Freudian psychoanalysis. In the beginning of the play, Edmund commences his soliloquy through expressing his disdain towards his brother and his alarming and malicious desire for power and acknowledgement. He says, “Legitimate Edgar, I must have your land. Our father’s love is to the bastard Edmund As to the legitimate.—Fine word, “legitimate”!—Well, my legitimate, if this letter speed And my invention thrive, Edmund the base Shall top th' legitimate. I grow, I prosper. Now, gods, stand up for bastards!” …show more content…
When King Lear arrives at Gloucester’s castle he is met with his daughter Goneril, who once again attempts to cut Lear’s retinue and reduce his status to one of mere dependant. Goneril says, “Hear me, my lord. What need you five and twenty, ten, or five To follow in a house where twice so many Have a command to tend you?” (2.4.260-263). Goneril starts by questioning why Lear would need twenty-five, ten or even five knights in his retinue. The repeated manipulation of numbers as words and the concurrent decreasing quantity of these numbers is used to draw attention to the gradually decreasing level of status that Goneril is hoping to impose upon Lear. The quote aids in developing her character as a villain and showing the extent of her evil. Goneril not only wants to strip her father of his entire inheritance, she wants him to cast away his retinue – which is conjoined with his respect and position – leaving him as a mere dependant. Her cruelty and contempt towards her father can be analyzed via Freudian psychoanalysis. Lear evidently favoured Cordelia as his favourite daughter and the lack of appreciation Goneril received in contrast to Cordelia has played its part in emotionally affecting her. This hidden manifest of the lack of love has presented itself in a latent form through Goneril’s cruel behaviour towards her father, proving that
King Lear poses many questions to its audience. Shakespeare’s conventions throughout the story hold true to the plot until Albany’s speech is interrupted by Lear’s rambling words. Upon closer examination however, it is obvious that the play’s writer meant to violate some of the conventions which he set earlier in the story through the crazed king's words. The character’s verses can be interpreted several ways, showing a different side of the conventions which Shakespeare sets. Focusing on the particular scene shows an underlying theme concerning the human race. His writing leaves the audience with a question about the story’s true meaning.
The concepts of nature, humanity, power and love lay as a foundation for Shakespeare’s, King Lear. These notions are examined through the actions and realizations of King Lear, himself. Throughout the discourse of this play we view the portrayal of humans as animals and witness King Lear’s mistreatment after he gives away his power. When doing so he makes clear his view on love and its value, solely based on the flattery of words.Through nature, King Lear becomes grounded and recognizes the animalistic behaviors of the rich and the struggles of the poor. This recognition brings him to an utmost discovery that presents the reality of vicious humanity and changes the way he views the world.
Of the deaths in Shakespeare’s King Lear, the death of Cordelia and King Lear at the end of Act V are most significant in revealing the development of Lear and how his development contributes to the theme surrounding it. The dynamic King Lear is a tragic hero whose fatal flaw, arrogance, prompts his removal from power and eventually the death of both himself and Cordelia. However, by the time of King Lear’s death, his arrogance has been replaced with a compassion which allows him to mourn the death of Cordelia and die from his own grief. Besides redeeming himself for his flawed judgement, the compassionate King Lear of Act V recognizes the loyalty in characters like Kent and Cordelia, while also seeing through the dishonesty of Regan and Goneril which fools the King Lear of Act I. King Lear’s transition from disowning Cordelia because of his arrogance to recognizing her as his only faithful daughter is demonstrated through Lear’s death, which serves as the culmination of his development and a reversal of his character. Furthermore, his death elaborates the theme of how someone’s arrogance may blind them from the reality of others’ intentions, which can be seen through a more compassionate and humble lens.
In this soliloquy, the audience gets its first glimpse of the character of Goneril. The full spectrum of her greed and selfishness will not be revealed until later, but this is certainly a good sample of her personality. Her profession of love is so large that it seems almost artificial, and it also seems motivated by the fact that possession of land is involved. Still, Lear seems immensely pleased by her statement, and requests a similar profession of love from his other daughter, Regan. She obliges, and in her declaration she tells her father that she loves him even more than Goneril does. Regan emerges from her
The sin of greed is perfectly exemplified in the character of Edmund. Throughout the play Edmund’s greed is the motivating factor behind all of the decisions that he makes. Edmund, as the illegitimate son of Gloucester plots against his brother in order to obtain his inheritance completely ignoring all familial responsibility in the pursuit of land and money. At the beginning of the play you see that he merely wants to take his brother’s inheritance but as greed gets the better of him he begins to plot against
Shakespeare's tragedy King Lear can be interpreted in many ways and many responses. The imprecision’s and complication of the play has led
Goneril's first underhanded act, falsely professing an exalted love for her father solely in order to gain more land, does not constitute an isolated incident; Lear's blindness to the love of Cordelia fosters Goneril's megalomaniacal tendencies as well as permits likeminded Regan, "of the self-same metal that [Goneril] is," to commit the same trespass (1.1, 69). Although Goneril speaks first and delivers a very calculated response, Cordelia's genuine, candid answer should have trumped the transparent rejoinders of her sisters. Instead, Lear falls victim to their ploy and invests far too much command in Goneril; she responds as would anyone of her ambitious disposition and decides that she "must do something, and i' the heat," meaning take advantage of Lear's burgeoning infirmity (1.1, 308).
”(Kermode) Lear starts to see the importance of the fool’s words once it is too late and when all the tragic events have taken their course. The fool is an important character in the play because he, unlike many
In sum, Goneril believes Albany is a coward. This is arguably another demonstration of King Lear’s daughter being dominant. Furthermore, Goneril says "I must change names at home, and give the distaff / Into my husband's hands" (4.2.16-17). This quote is Goneril expressing her desire to become the head of her household while her husband plays a more caretaking role, such as a housewife. This dynamic was uncommon in the seventeenth century. It was traditional for the man to be in charge and for the woman to be a housewife. Despite already being the one with power, Shakespeare illustrates Goneril’s deviousness by having her sharing this information with Edmund. Goneril has always been more powerful than her husband, but by disclosing her feelings about Albany to Edmund, she believes this will seduce Edmund. (Kelly,
The power that makes Edmund corrupt is trust. He uses the trust to manipulate and control his father for the benefit of himself. He frames his brother by composing a false letter to his father implicating a plot to kill Gloucester, that when “our father would sleep till I waked him, you should enjoy half his revenue forever.” (1, 2, 55-56) Gloucester replies with “this villain of mine comes under the prediction of mine: there’s son against father” (1, 2, 112-117) This shows that Gloucester had great faith and trust in his son Edgar. To better his plan he goes to Edgar and convinces him to run away. The thought that he would frame his own brother for the chance to gain power shows his corruption, and that he will do anything to have more power. Edmund writes another letter, except this implicates his father in a plot with France to kill The Duke of Cornwall. He does this so that “the younger rises [and] the old doth fall” (3, 4, 25) and he will become the Earl. Edmund is so corrupted and blinded by his quest for power that he is willing to jeopardize his father’s
At the beginning of the play King Lear has more power than anyone else, the feeling of power made him think it was okay to ask his three daughters who loved him the most. When his youngest and favourite daughter Cordelia did not give him the answer he wanted by saying, “Unhappy that I am, I cannot heave / My heart into my mouth/ I love your majesty / According to my bond, no more nor less” (King Lear 1.1.91-93). he started lashing out. Lear clearly values Goneril and Regan fawning over him over Cordelia’s sincere honesty. Out of pride and anger, Lear banishes Cordelia, as well as Kent for defending her. Lear splits the kingdom in half to Goneril and Regan which leads to the deaths of many people in the play. Throughout the play he becomes increasingly shocked when people do not obey him the way they did before and the lack of respect he receives. With his loss of power Lear often responds to these problems with anger saying things like “My curses on her!” (2.4.138). about his own daughter. By the end of the play he recognizes that he takes responsibility for both his own problems and for those of others. King Lear’s actions were the first step to the plays tragic outcome.
To begin with, King Lear is tragic play written by William Shakespeare that revolves around the themes of greed and selfishness. Furthermore, the play begins with the king of Britain, Lear, who decides to step down from the throne and divide his kingdom into three parts for his three daughters. To determine who will receive the largest share of the kingdom, King Lear wants them to express their love for him to see who loves him the most. The two oldest daughters, Goneril and Regan, respond to him in excessive praise in order to convince their father they do love him. However, the youngest daughter, Cornelia says she can’t “heave her heart into her mouth,” because there was no way she could express how much she loves her father in merely words.
In King Lear two of the older characters, King Lear and Gloucester, fight with their own sanity not only in the eyes of their hateful children but also from their own view. Lear says this very early on in the play in regards to his sanity “Oh, dear god, don’t let me go mad.” Even very early on in the play Lear foreshadows and maybe even feels his sanity starting to weaken. While Lear and Gloucester deal with issues with sanity their children are taking every vital power position not only in Britain but also in France. Goneril states this in regards to Lear’s credibility “Just because a senile man with poor judgment calls something an insult doesn’t necessarily mean it is one.” Goneril is trying to discredit her father and also gain dominance over him in one statement. As the story progresses the older characters
The hundred knights are not at all necessary to Lear’s maintenance or overall comfort (as the sisters point out quite clearly). However, they are essential to Lear’s sense of identity as the leader and the person to whom others give allegiance. Lear now feels seriously disrespected and regrets giving his daughters anything. It is at this stage that we see him start to recognize that his actions have consequences (mainly giving away his kingdom), and that he cannot separate the privileges of kingship from its responsibilities (as he
Lear 's endeavor gets revitalized with every generation that hears the saga, whether from myths, fairy tales, or from King Lear itself. A timeless story, King Lear remains one of Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies for its universal themes involving communication, morality, and family. The fall of characters in King Lear presents audiences with the frailty a community can exhibit from rulers’ pride. Stressing this message, Shakespeare mirrors the main plot surrounding Lear 's family with the sub-plot of Gloucester and his sons. Through the use of dialogue exploring motivations for character actions, King Lear amplifies the complexity of emotions in society. By sending Lear on a journey into the hardships of a primitive life to test his mental stability, Shakespeare establishes how madness can lead to clarity. Placing their affection in the wrong hands produces an onslaught of tragic events for those in this play who bare their heartstrings. Shakespeare’s King Lear dramatizes how the use of language, the authenticity of civility, and various manifestations of love affect relationships as well as psychological development.