LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
Product Placement is becoming a very popular marketing strategy. It is a indirect way to advertise a product through small appearances in the movies and television.
Various definitions are given for Product Placement “A paid product message aimed at influencing movie (or television) audiences via the planned and unobtrusive entry of a branded product into a movie” (Balasubramanian 1994, p.31) cited in Chang, Fanny Fong Yee 2012. “The inclusion of a product, a brand name or the name of a firm in a movie or in a television program for promotional purposes” (d’Astous & Chartier 2000, p. 31) cited in Chang, Fanny Fong Yee 2012.
The Product Placement began in 1896 when a UK soap manufacturer “Level Brothers” appeared in the French movie (Newell, Salmon & Chiang, 2006). But it gained importance when Reese’s candy was shown in the movie “E.T Extra-Terrestrial” and their sale was increased 65% within three months (Tsai, Liang & Liu,
2007).
Product placement is now considered as the main marketing tool and has now reached “celebrity status” as the media form. Along with marketers who are spending large amount of their promotional budgets on product placement, Now a days productions studios are also relying on
It is known to be true that the best endorsements achieve a deriving ideas, style and taste between the product and the celebrity. Giving a brand an appearance is more than just a marketing strategy to increase sales; it is a decision that can change the outcome of the brand for the
I appreciate your point of view that at times misplaced advertising devalues film and television to an extent. The real bone of contention is, how a marketed product is placed in uniformity with the demand of the specific presentation. The extra money earned by the producers through product placement gives them more economic power to make the content better. For example, being able to rent a superior sound studio for dubbing. A thorough well-thought product placement provide film and television producers another avenue of income and in-turn the product manufactures get their desired visibility.
Lehu, J. (2007). Branded Entertainment : Product Placement and Brand Strategy in the Entertainment Business. London, GB: Kogan Page. Retrieved from http://www.ebrary.com
According to Schiffman & Wisenblit (2015), “product placements consists of featuring products within the contents of entrainment, such as TV, movies, video games, among other.” (pp. 203).
Celebrity endorsement is possibly the most successful form of advertising. The fact that a celebrity approves of a product is often enough for people to get on board. Advertisements create a false life or image. Chiat says in his article: “Advertising--including movies, TV, and music videos--presents to us a world that is not our world but rather a collection of images and ideas created for the purpose of selling” (Chiat 212) .There is no better way to sell a false life or idea than to have a celebrity sell it for you.
Product placement is an advertising technique used by companies to promote their products through appearances in film. Most movies have some product placement, two of these, Yes Man and American Beauty do it sometimes subtly and other times so blatantly that they break the fictive stance pulling the audience out of the story.
A common technique shared among the commercials was testimonial, by using a fellow citizen it can alter the consumers taste in believing the product maybe of use. TP5000 and Holophones used testimonial to support their product
Celebrities can have a significant influence on consumer choices since they’re recognizable and admired by targeting audiences. As this would give the celebrities a higher chance of influencing the consumer. For example, Justin Timberlake, a famous vocalist, has been a spokesperson who advertised for Pepsi. In addition, this example demonstrated business believe that Justin Timberlake will be a perfect person to represent Pepsi at the time. The reasons are he’s a famous singer, he’s handsome, and his fans will excitedly buy the product.
The example I chose to use of product placement is Ray-Ban’s Wayfarer sunglass in the classic 1983 comedy, Risky Business. This film launched celebrity Tom Cruise’s career and saved Ray-Ban’s Wayfarer sunglasses from extinction. I decided to rent the movie because I had never seen it since it came out 13 years before I was born. This movie sparked my interest because whenever we have to name our groups someone always picks that movie title for their group name. On the cover of the movie you see Tom Cruise rocking the Ray-Ban sunglasses. The opening scene is black and it slowly zooms out from the center of the Ray-Ban sunglasses. He wears them throughout the movie when he is partaking in his risk business. Then at the end of the movie it does
Product placement in music videos is quite a fruitful source of money for artists who approve it. The content of many commercial pop songs, the imagery displayed in music videos and the conspicuous consumption apparent in the lifestyles of pop stars all reinforce the idea that mass consumption will lead to happiness.
Celebrity endorsement is a billion dollar industries today (Kambitsis et al., 2002) with companies signing deals with celebrities hoping that they can help them stand out from the clutter and give them a unique and relevant position in the mind of the consumer. According to Solomon (2002), the reasons for using celebrity endorsement involves its potential to create awareness, positive feelings towards their advertising and brand. Research has shown that celebrity endorsement can have an impact on the consumer’s attention, recall, evaluations and purchase intentions (Atkin and Block, 1993), Celebrity endorsement is a widely used tactic in marketing and much research
Celebrity endorsements are one of the most famous methods of marketing used today. Celebrity endorsers are being used in about 25% of all the advertisements that we can see on the television. Marketers are investing large sums of money to have a contract with the celebrities as they believe that celebrities can affect the chances of success of a product. (Erica Weintraub Austina*, 2008) Kiakati
The birth of ‘Marketing’ happened centuries ago where vendors in ancient times tried to seduce the oncoming customer by chanting in loud noises and catering to the customer needs by negotiation of price or assumption of what they might need aside from what they were actually looking for. Over the years, this process has been refined, given a
It is forecasted that global paid product placement spending will grow at a compound annual rate of 27.9% in the 2005-2010 period to $7.55 billion, as product placement growth continues to significantly outpace that of traditional advertising and marketing. The overall value of the worldwide product placement market, including the barter/exposure value of non-paid placements, will increase 18.4% compounded annually to $13.96 billion in 2010 (PQ Media, August 2006). It is therefore not surprising that the concept of product placement is daily discussed, applied, and reported in the world of professional marketers (Russell and Stern, 2006; O' Loughlin, 2006; Levin, 2006; Karrh et al. 2003;).
In April 2006, Broadcasting & Cable reported, "Two thirds of advertisers employ 'branded entertainment'—product placement—with the vast majority of that (80%) in commercial TV programming." The story, based on a survey by the Association of National Advertisers, said "Reasons for using in-show plugs varied from 'stronger emotional connection' to better dovetailing with relevant