How The Nervous System Processes Information And Work

Each individual nerve is made up of: afferent nerves and efferent nerves where afferent nerves transmit impulses towards the nervous system from different parts of the body and efferent nerves transmit impulses away from the nervous system to the different parts of the body. The autonomic nervous system is another type of PNS responsible for involuntary actions like movement of heart, lungs, etc.

1. Neurons is a basic building block of the nervous system. The sensory nerves carry the message from body tissues to the brain and spinal chord to be processed. The motor neurons are then used to send instructions to the body tissue from the brain and spinal cord. Dendrites, which are connected to the body cell (soma) receive information and pass it through the axon. Myelin sheath covers the axon and helps speed the process. When triggered by a signals from our senses or other neurons, the neuron fires an impulse called the action potential. The resting potential is the neuron’s visual charge of positive

The parietal lobe is located in the middle section of the brain and is associated with processing tactile sensory information such as pressure, touch, and pain.

the brain about any condition in the body. For example, in case of coldness, sensory neurons will

* Sensory neurons or Bipolar neurons carry messages from the body's sense receptors (eyes, ears, etc.) to the CNS. These neurons have two processes. Sensory neuron account for 0.9% of all neurons. (Examples are retinal cells, olfactory epithelium cells.)

Carry messages from special receptors in the skin, muscles, and other internal and external sense organs to the spinal cord, which sends them to the brain

The sensory receptor detects the presence of a stimulus in the skin, muscle, or other organ. The sensory neuron, which is also the afferent neuron, carries sensory information to the central nervous system. The integrating center is found only in gray matter of the central nervous system in the brain or spinal cord. This is where information is processed, and the motor command to stimulate the effector is initiated. The motor neuron, also called the efferent neuron, carries the motor command to the effector organ. Finally, the effector organ carries out the response to the stimulus, which may be to a muscle, gland or adipose tissue.

Neurons (also known as neurons, nerve cells and nerve fibers) are electrically excitable and the most important cells in the nervous system that functions to process and transmit information. Neurons have a large number of extensions called dendrites. They often look likes branches or spikes extending out from the cell body. It is primarily the surfaces of the dendrites that receive chemical messages from other neurons.

Pertaining to the peripheral nervous system, it is found the sensory division of it. The neurons that form this division, also called afferent neuron, transmit electrical impulses from several receptors located throughout the body to the central nervous system in order to further analyze and process the stimuli.

The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord. Its main functions include: processing, integrating, and coordinating sensory information and motor instructions. The sensory data conducts information that is being processed from internal and external conditions the body is experiencing. Motor commands regulate and control peripheral organs (skeletal muscles). The brain functions under memory, emotions, learning, and intelligence. The PNS consist of the neural tissue found outside of the CNS. It functions in sending data to the CNS which motor commands are than carried out to the peripheral tissues/systems. Multiple nerve fibers send sensory data and motor commands in the PNS. The nerves that assist with transmitting data include the cranial nerves and spinal nerve. However, the PNS can be divided into afferent (to bring in) and efferent (to bring out) divisions of transferring data. The afferent division functions in bringing in sensory data to the CNS. Sensory structures are receptors that detect internal/external environmental change and adjusting accordingly. The efferent division functions in carrying out motor commands from the CNS to glands, muscles, and adipose tissue. The efferent division contains somatic

The preganglionic fibres are myelinated and project out of the cord via the ventral root. From there

The brain resides in the cranium, and is a perplex organ of several tissue layers and neural networks (Tang-Schomer, et al., 2014). Some parts of the brain include the cerebral cortex and thalamus, which support cognition and relay signals, respectively. Furthermore, the brain is responsible for both autonomic and somatic bodily mechanisms (OpenStax College, 2013). Considering the diversity of structural functions within the brain, the brain’s overall function is an executive one that controls the nervous system by means of perceiving and communicating electrical signals.

Afferent neurons are responsible for sending sensory information from the body to the central nervous system, while interneurons communicate signals within one another within the central nervous system. Efferent neurons transfer signals from the central nervous system to effector organs, one of these including muscles. Integrating the three composes the peripheral nervous system.

Whereas the spinal cord (often referred to as the brainstem) is the pathways that enables nerve impulses to reach their various destinations in the body. The central nervous system main function is to receive information from the different parts of the body, in which must be analysed and stored in order for it to send out instructions based on those pieces of information. The central nervous system’s main function is to coordinate the numerous organs and muscles required to perform the individual’s desired action(s) (Walker, 2005).

Individual body functions with the nervous system. The nervous system is divided into two parts, central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system consists of brain and spinal cord while the peripheral nervous system consists of the nerves, such as cranial nerves. The cranial nerves job is to connect the central nervous system to the different types of organs in the body. Our neurons consist of cells which hold the genetic information needed to make protein. Dendrites receive impulses from other cells at the synapses and transmit them to the cell body. Axons carry outgoing information to target cells. Neuron has only one axon that includes Axon Hillock. Axon Hillock is the originate place for action potential; Axon collaterals are the branches of axon; Axon terminals which are the sites of neurotransmitter release myelin sheath. The body neuron usually generates an electrical signal and this result in the release of neurotransmitter. The neurotransmitter purpose is to serve as a chemical messenger that enables cell communication among other cells.