How The Origins Of Galaxies And Stars

In tonight’s chap event Carole Firstman the author of her discusses how as a young girl she grew up with her parents but normally spent more time and learning new things with her dad. As a little girl she explored so much with her father going places and finding new specimens which that’s what her father did and Carole as a little girl was always with her father as he did all these adventures. Their camping voyages would always be going to United States or Mexico during summer and often to the snow, they would also consider going to Washington State in the winter knowing most likely there was nothing to find their according to Carole at such a young age. Her father had up to three cars at the

Several hundred thousands years after the Big Bang, the stars began to light up the dark universe. As the universe expanded, it got colder and darker and less like a place that might produce things like heavier chemicals, plants, and animals. This period of the history of the universe was called the Dark Ages. During the Dark Ages, a lot of atoms was flowing through space, which contained 75% hydrogen with one portion and about 25% helium with two protons. Some areas in the universe were just slightly hotter and denser than others, and gravity magnified those differences. As gravity increased, the whole thing was clumping faster. At the center of each of those clouds of atoms, atoms began to bang into each other more violently and heat up particularly

Stellar evolution stars exist because of gravity. The two opposing forces in a star are gravity (contracts) and thermal nuclear energy (expands). Stage 1 Birth is where gravity contracts the cloud and the temperature rises, becoming a protostar. Protostars are a hypothetical cloud of dust and atoms in space which are believed to develop into a star. Astronomers are fairly certain of their existence. Protostars are formed about a million years after a gas clump from an interstellar gas cloud has started

Way out there in space, there are huge clouds of dust and gas and if one of those clouds of dust and gas is massive enough it's own gravity can causes it to start to collapse. When it collapses, it folds itself towards the center of the cloud, then it get denser and denser and hotter and hotter; eventually the particles of that gas and the dust are made up and brought so close together that they start to stick together. Then they start to fuse, thats the energy source of a star. The star switches and begins to shine. Inside every newborn star, hydrogen atoms are fused together to make helium. This process is called fusion and it creates the energy of every star. A star is a luminous sphere of gas producing its own heat and light by nuclear reactions (nuclear fusion).

It started five billion years ago as a cloud of dust and gas about 10 billion kilometers in diameter that rotated slowly in space. This massive cloud shrank over time because of its own gravitational pull, or because of an exploding passing star. Most material collected in the center and it rotated faster as it shrank. Compression of the material made it hotter, which started hydrogen fusion, forming the sun. Ten percent of the material in the cloud formed a disk around the sun. Due to friction in the disk, most of the mass collected into whirlpools. These whirlpools shrank to form protoplanets. These protoplanets became planets and moons. Excess material became comets, asteroids, and meteoroids. A problem with this hypothesis is that it would be unlikely for a passing star to explode, because stars are very far apart from each other. Also, as with the nebular hypothesis, it would take an unreasonable amount of gravitational pull for the disk to condense into

But there is another theory too about this transformation. In this theory the transformation is a more gentle process. According to it the stars formed in a disk. Which is gradually moving to the center of a disk and producing a central pile-up of stars.

While learning in this unit in astronomy, something that caught my attention was called "starburst galaxies." Galaxies in general are basically billions of large independent groups of stars that exist in the universe. What sets a starburst galaxy apart from a regular galaxy is the fact that starburst galaxies have an exceptionally high rate of star formation inside of it. Some of these galaxies are so active that they are forming thousands of new stars every year, compared to the Milky Way producing about one star per year. This furious formation of stars typically happens when galaxies are in the process of or have recently undergone a collision with another galaxy. The gravitational interaction between the two galaxies sends strong shockwaves through enormous clouds of gas, making them collapse and create star forming regions. These develop some of the most gigantic stars in our universe; huge blue stars with over a hundred solar masses.

Okay so it all started as a nebular cloud. This this crowd was gargantuan it was about two light-years across from end to end and it was very cold and not dance at all. Since this cloud was so spread apart I meant that gravity alone was not enough Force to cause the particles of the clouds to come together. This means that some outside force had to act upon the cloud and that force was probably the explosion of a nearby star. When the star exploded it started a chain reaction that allowed gravity to take hold of the particles and begin the compression of the particles.

The cloud contracted under its own gravity and our proto-Sun formed in the hot dense center. The remainder of the cloud formed a swirling disk call the solar nebula. A solar nebula is a gaseous cloud. The nebular hypothesis has become the theory of the origin of our solar system. We can relate this to the vermiculite solar nebula lab. These are related because in the lab it showed us how gravity pulled most of the materials toward the center of the water which the water was representing gravity and the vermiculite that got pulled to the center was modeling the heavier more dense planets. The vermiculite that was pushed away from the center represented lighter less dense

The solar system formed when a cloud of interstellar dust and gas collapsed. The oldest meteorite specimens are remnants of the very first geologic processes to occur in our solar system 4.6 billion years ago. Because the interstellar cloud had been slowly spinning, the result was a nearly flat rotating disk which is referred to as the solar nebula. Much of the dust and gas in the disk moved to the center of the nebula where it fed a growing protostar which eventually became our sun.

Lots of matter was in a ball and then it exploded and the universe was created. All of that matter formed planets and galaxies. Our galaxy was created 5 billion years ago. We haven't been around that long figuratively speaking. As lots of gases and mass came together it formed the sun. when the sun was formed more and more of mass and gas came to our newborn galaxy and when they came together it form planets. When More and more planets and stars were formed the galaxy started to form. When a lot of gas and other matter comes together it can create a huge star or a sun. when stars or sun start to lose their energy. They will grow and grow till they become unstable. If the star is big enough it will turn into a black hole. A black hole is so strong that it can suck in anything, even light! When something gets sucked into it it will be crushed into nothing. In 4 billion years the galaxy next to us will get sucked into our gravitational pull and will collide with our solar system. When they collide it will create one big galaxy. Our solar system will have already been gone. Here are the types of galaxies, one of galaxy types are called the magellanic cloud. It has lots and lots of stars, five billion stars to be exact. Another type of a galaxy is the spiral galaxy. The milky way galaxy is a spiral galaxy. This is a lot of solar system rotating around a black hole or a white dwarf. The main type of galaxy is the elliptical galaxy. They look like a squashed up ball, they are the largest and the brightest galaxies in the universe. In the center of the galaxy there are constant explosions of millions of stars. They out number the spiral galaxies, if someone scattered 12 tennis balls across the united states they would be more crowded than the galaxies in the

The first and most obvious thing to talk about is how it was formed. It began as an oversized mass left behind after the big bang. The Big Bang theory is an effort to explain what happened at the very beginning of our universe. over densities were the seeds of global clusters that formed many of our galaxies. Within a few billion years after the first birth of the star, these over densities had enough mass to be spinning relatively fast. As the gravitational pull, pulled stars towards it, it began to gain size and mass. So how long has it been formed ? Based on a process of nucleo cosmochronology, it it said to be 12.5 ± 3 billion to 13.8 ± 4 billion years old. That is a lot of time to gain mass, and to form into a galaxy.

The grand forces of the universe create magnificent galaxies according to “Your Guide to Galaxies” by ABC Science Online. Galaxies are giant clouds of stars, glowing with the power of many suns as they split the lonely darkness of the surrounding void. The forces keeping these awesome structures together uniquely affect the surrounding space as it creates many interesting events like “galactic cannibalism”, which is when smaller galaxies get sucked into bigger ones. Galaxies are classified into elliptical galaxies, spiral galaxies, lenticular galaxies, and irregular galaxies; each have their own sub-groups. We might as well enjoy the beauty and complexity the universe has to show us, spinning through a great cloud of stars and gas.

A galaxy, also called a nebula, consists of billions of stars, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter which are all bound to form a massive cloud in which we live in. Although it cannot be very well explained, dark matter makes up at least 90% of a galaxy’s mass.

Indecent bodies like the sun. Stars are made up of big exploding balls of gas, mostly hydrogen and helium. The sun is similarly a star made up of huge amounts of hydrogen, undergoing a continuous nuclear reaction like a hydrogen bomb. Stars come about when vast clouds of hydrogen, helium and dust contract and collapse due to gravity. The clouds came from astronomical plasma from “The Big Bang”, but the dust comes from the supernovae of other stars.