There are several ways the United Kingdom (UK) could exit the European Union (EU). Differences between a Soft and a Hard Brexit are considerable and each prospect deserves thorough investigation in order to understand how it will affect British businesses. The evolution of the EU allowed years of institutional and political transformation through the creation of the European Single Market which benefited British businesses (Medrano, 2003). However, the UK has always been reluctant to European obligations and stood out rapidly from the rest of the members by keeping their own currency. Following the Article 50, outlining the right to quit the EU, the UK citizens decided to leave in June 2016. This result caused important concerns and uncertainty especially for British businesses. In 2017 negotiations between the UK and the EU will start, however the way it will happen is still very ambiguous. British firms will be able to lobby for their favourable outcome, as they are in a position of power and could possibly influence the government in their negotiations. As firms have a strong impact on decision-makers, it is important to clarify for which outcome they should opt to protect in the best way their stakeholders during and after the transition of UK. This essay will focus on the two possible outcome of Soft and Hard Brexit and will determine which one could be most valuable for firms (BBC, 2016). Therefore, which path should the British businesses lobby for in order to
With reference to organisations or industries that you know, to what extent do you think that recent changes in the UK economy will have inevitably damaged the long-term profits of businesses that operate in this country? (40 marks)
4). Under the optimistic scenario the UK will have to pay the EU to remain a part of the EU’s single market, resulting in an increased cost to trade, while under the pessimistic the cost of trade for Britain will increase due to tariffs and increased regulations to get their product into the market. These increased tariffs, and the costs needed to meet regulations hurt the suppliers of goods resulting in a slowdown in the flow of goods and a reduced GDP. Dhingra et. al. uses the estimations of the two scenarios to show a direct correlation between leaving the UK leaving the EU and detrimental impacts to the UK’s economy, and as such the flow of goods.
The issue of whether or not the United Kingdom should remain a member of the European Union has been debated heavily over the past decade, with the debate heating up even more from the current European Sovereign Debt Crisis. Recent polls of the UK population showed that around half of the UK’s citizens would vote to pull out of the EU if it went to referendum. However, after all of the economic, political, and social advantages of being a member of the EU are considered, it remains clear that leaving the EU is not in the UK’s best interest. Economically, it does not make sense for the UK
The decision of the United Kingdom to leave the European Union has served in reshaping the way politics works in Europe. On June 3rd, 2016 a massive 30 million people came out to vote on the future of their countries. In the end, the vote to leave won 51.9% to 48.1%. Places like England and Wales both voted in favor of the exit, while Scotland and Northern Ireland voted overwhelmingly to stay in. While the long term effects of this decision obviously need time to be observed, the immediate economic impact has been somewhat mixed. The day after the vote was a cause for concern in that “the pound slumped after the referendum - and remains around 10% lower against the dollar and 15% down against the euro” (Wheeler 17). In contrast to this,
The news article the Economist reveals that Brexit[1] triggers a round of reshoring[2].The article described the situation of an entrepreneur Nimisha Raja started a healthy fruit snack business right when Britain voted to leave the EU. Her business model assumed that she could have boundless access to relatively lower price fruit in Europe and only used apple from Britain. Yet this is not possible due to a depreciation in the pound after the result of Brexit was released, which increased her cost and thereby has to shift her focus from bringing her offshore ingredient market back to Britain. She used to buy 20% of ingredients from Britain and it has risen to 70%. The article mentioned that this is also happening to various industries, like car-making and household manufacturing industries. Yet reshoring also works both ways as it mentioned almost half of the European businesses are expecting to reduce their British supplies due to higher cost from Brexit. This article shows that reshoring has both gains and losses in Britain, but requires a deeper understanding of class materials to analyze how Brexit brings benefits and costs to the country and how it affects the relationship between Britain and the mainland Europe.
While walking into class on November 25th, Czech Republic was very optimistic. Optimistic in the hopes myself and the other nations within the European Union, would be able to successfully go through the pressing issues, and hopefully resolve some of them. However, leaving at the end of class I realized, that the EU was going to need some more time. Going into the debates on the second day I was still optimistic that something would get done. Again however that was not the case. Numerous talks were addressed but nothing finalized. Leading to the sad truth that on the third and final day we all would have to buckle down and actual get something accomplished. However, on the last day again we all addressed the issue but nothing was able to
On June 23, 2016, the British people voted in a referendum to leave the European Union. It was one of the most important votes that the British people will have in their lifetimes. In the months leading up to Britains referendum on whether to leave the the European Union, many economists warned over and over again that a Brexit (Britain Exit) could have awful ripple effects. Although, there have been positive long-term effects of leaving the European Union, the decision made by the people of the UK to leave the European Union will have major repercussions for the UK and the rest of the world for decades, if not generations, to come. The United Kingdom will be poorer in the long-term from leaving because it will result in less trade, less foreign
Bearing all this in mind, the UK leaving the EU could be a possible downfall with the lack of inward labour migration affecting the productivity. This would mean a smaller labour supply making it harder to fill job vacancies. Resulting in some possible serious knock on effects for businesses and the economy, one of which being gradual wage inflation. This would mean firms would have to offer higher wages to fill positions. If this happened it will add higher costs to businesses putting pressure on smaller businesses who may not be able to afford this. Depending on the current minimum wage and how high they are, it will make lower level jobs harder to fill as there is no incentive for people to do them. In turn this will lead to more people seeking benefits and job seekers allowance as they would much rather get given money for doing nothing then working hard doing a low paid job for a couple extra thousand pounds a year. Subsequently this will increase unemployment as there is no motivation to work leading to people becoming unskilled and unemployable. Gradually increasing the government's budget deficit as they will be receiving less tax receipts and paying out more in benefits.(A budget deficit is when the government/state have spent more money than they have at their disposal leading to them borrowing the amount needed which is the deficit.) This would potentially slow down the UK’s economic growth.
In this essay, I will argue that Brexit might help the UK to improve as the newly-obtained freedom after Brexit will give the government opportunity to drive the country according to its vision and goals. First, it can establish laws and regulations that are advantageous for them. Second, they will be able to cut down on their budget spending. Third, their economy might prosper by leaving the financially critical
The decision by the United Kingdom to leave the European Union in last week’s referendum has produced a plethora of predictions about possible outcomes. Much will depend on the way exit negotiations are discussed and, therefore, the ensuing parting terms. The bulk of the analysis has been about the consequences for the UK economy, including the potential breakup of the Union via a second Scottish referendum. There are, however, potentially bigger global consequences stemming from last Thursday’s vote. Firstly, there is the political fallout due to the now fractured nexus between politicians and their electorate. The result partly reflects the skewed distribution of benefits of the
On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom holds The Brexit vote. The situation for the "stay in Europe" camp won 17,410,742 votes, "off the European" camp won 16,141,241 million votes; calculate as a percentage of 51.9% to 49.1%. And it will be reaching an agreement after 2 years even the time may be extended. The European process has aroused strong concern in the world, the results have also been the uproar of the world, a variety of evaluation and attention has been following consistently. Obviously, British economy will be changed; whether it is long-term or short-term, and there must also exit some advantages and drawbacks back this time of leave European. This essay will analyse macroeconomic affect on the UK from long-term and short-term
Regulations are a concern because the UK’s departure could lead to change in banking regulations (Jackson, 2016). London is known as a huge financial center. With the Brexit looming, that attractiveness could potentially fade (Jackson, 2017). Short-term implications of the UK’s exit of the European Union will likely affect bank profitability, via lower interest rates for longer periods of time (Jackson, 2016). The Brexit also affects living standards. The authors of this article predict that the living standards (income) in the UK will decrease anywhere from -2.61% to -1.28% per capita with an actual range income change being -£1,700 to -£850, or around $2,182USD to $1,090USD (Dhingra, Ottaviano, Sampson, and Van Reenen, 2016). The authors also show that the exit of Britain may affect the living standards of people in other European countries as well. (Begg and Mushovel, 2016). Around 3.3 million jobs in the United Kingdom could be in jeopardy, but aren’t guaranteed to be lost (Begg and Mushovel, 2016). The Brexit could increase employment in import industries as competition would rise (Begg and Mushovel, 2016). The public finances of Britain would improve after the Brexit because of the savings in contributions to the EU, but this is only if Britain’s GDP does not decrease by more than one percentage point (Begg and Mushovel, 2016).
Brexit is the name of the process of Britain leaving the European Union, which is the primary concern of the modern global political situation. During the referendum on the UK membership in the European Union, the main argument for leaving the union was that it would provide the country with better system and tools of protection from the immigrants. UK citizen was concerned that immigrants would bring to the country 's unemployment rate, lower quality of life and other economic problems. The statistics say that almost seventy percent of the immigrants from the EU came to Britain because of work related reasons or to study ( ONS , 2016 ).The purpose of the this essay will analysis negative impact of Brexit on economic Britain and find some solutions resolve these issues.
The people of UK have voted Brexit and the big question is now, ‘’what now?’’ What do we want now and where do we see ourselves in the future?
The decision by the United Kingdom to leave the European Union this last June will surely be a pivotal moment in political history. It was both a rejection of the EU and in some ways the broader global community. The result of this referendum seems to be striking for two particular reasons. First, few observers of politics – casual and professionals alike – did not seriously anticipate the success of the leave campaign. While only anecdotal, my colleagues and I were in the United Kingdom about a week in advance of the vote, and the consensus seemed to be that there would be a remain victory – albeit small. Late into the early morning hours of June 24th we realized that the conventional wisdom was no longer conventional. Secondly, it was unexpected because of the insidiousness of exclusionary and sometimes outright racist rhetoric that the Leave campaign espoused. That is not to say that all those who supported the leave campaign are racists – but there is an undeniable motivation of xenophobia also behind some actors regarding the desire to turn inwards.