How To Visualize The Framework Of Organs And Organs Within The Body

X-rays that pass through the object, are captured behind the object by a detector. This detector can capture a 2D representation of all the object's internal structures. Contrast radiography is a type of contrast medium, that makes the structures of interest stand out visually from their background. So it gets rid of the blurs in the photo.

- Gross, or macroscopic, anatomy: Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as the heart, lungs and kidneys.

made, are in the studies of medicine/treatment. And to be specific, the study of radiology.

- Dissection led to performing autopsies on dead bodies to see what each disease did within the body, and also better understand human anatomy.

1. In 1895 the discovery of X-rays by the German scientist of physics, Wilhelm Roentgen, created an amazing step forward in the history of medicine. For the first time ever, the inner workings of the body could be made visible without having to operate.

1895 – X-rays were discovered accidentally by physicist Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen. Rontgen was working on a experiment and testing whether cathode rays could pass through glass. He noticed that a nearby tube emitted fluorescent glow of crystals. The air in the tube was released, high voltage applied, the same tube emitted a fluorescent glow. When Rontgen covered the tube in a heavy black paper, a green light could be seen. He concluded that a new light ray was being broadcast. Rontgen discovered that the light was very powerful and the same ray could pass through human tissue, but not through bones and metal objects. Medical applications were soon to follow. ("History of radiography," )

Because of this, mammography x-ray tubes must be calibrated differently than normal x-ray tubes due to the small differences of linear attenuation coefficients between normal tissue and tumour, shown in Figure 1. Therefore, in order to maximize the diagnosis of abnormalities within the breast, it is essential that the contrast between tissue and tumour within the breast is as high as possible when produced on the x-ray film. One of the ways that this is done is through manipulation of the energy of the x-ray beam. In Figure 1, it can be seen that attenuation differences between fibroglandular and cancerous tissue are highest at very low energies: approximately 10keV to 15keV (Bushberg et al., 2002). Adversely, attenuation differences drop off rapidly at higher Figure 5: Contrast percentage between normal and cancerous tissues within the breast versus energy of the x-ray beam (Bushberg et al., 2002). Figure 5: Contrast percentage between normal and cancerous tissues within the breast versus energy of the x-ray beam (Bushberg et al., 2002). energies: approximately 35keV or greater (Bushberg et al., 2002). Thus, at lower energies, a higher contrast is displayed. Appropriate subject contrast

X-ray use for diagnosis – Describe example of the use of an X-ray for diagnosis including IMAGE

For this test, dye is injected into a vein in the arm. The dye makes the blood vessels in the lungs and legs show up on x-ray images. The patient will lie on a table, and an x-ray tube will rotate around them. The tube will take pictures from many angles. Results are available within minutes.

•Angiography- is an imaging technique also know as an x-ray. It visualize the inside of blood vessels and organs after injection of contrast material. A long flexible catheter is inserted through the bloodstream to deliver dye. That is what the contrast material

Computed Tomography imaging also known as CT or a CAT scan, combines a series of x-ray images taken from different angles and uses computer processing to create cross- sectional images also known as slices of the bones, blood vessels, and soft tissue inside the body. The CT scan reveals anatomic details of internal organs that cannot be seen on conventional x-rays. A motorized table moves the patient through a circular opening of the CT scanner known as the gantry which houses the x-ray tube. As the patient passes through the CT system, the x-rays rotates around the opening. A beam of x-rays exposes the patient as the table moves in and out of the scanner in a series of phases. Detectors on the opposite side of the patient record the x-rays exiting that section of the patients’ body. They then produce cross-sectional views or slices. The data is then sent to a computer to reconstruct all of the individual

X-rays — or radiography, as it is known in medicine — allow for looking inside a body and identifying everything from broken bones to swallowed objects. The tool is vital to the ability to diagnose and treat injuries.

Radiology is the process of working and viewing inside the human body without breaking the skin. By using radiant energy, which may take the form of x-rays or other types of radiation, we are able to diagnose and treat many diseases and injuries. Both diagnostic and therapeutic radiology involve the use of

During the early 1970’s something called Computed Tomography (CT) Scanning was introduced into medicine. The CT scans were able to provide the first clear image of the brain and brain tumors. This was done by using X-Rays which provided doctors with images of a section or “slice” of the brain. In the following decades, CT Scanning becomes more and more refined and is now also being paired with other imaging techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) which was invented by Damadian in 1977 (Filler, 2009).

Medical or Diagnostic Imaging refers to the various techniques that can be used to see inside the human body. Its non-invasive nature means that the body does not have to be opened up surgically for medical practitioners to view the organs anatomically. In clinical settings, it can be used to aid in the diagnosis or treatment of different ailments. Many kinds of medical imaging techniques have already been developed, each with their own advantages