How Voter's Remember a Candidate's Name

The author, V. O. Key, states the results of a survey that shows that voters tend to vote for people who vote for candidates that will help them financially. He also states that people tend to vote for a certain party’s candidate because of their ties to the party. Key then declares that one can predict a person’s vote based on their personality and attributes. Key also shows that although these behaviors show strangeness, the voters have great importance to politics. Key says that the voters’ behavior has importance as it helps candidates discover the nature of the voters’ interests to try gain an advantage. Finally, Key states that voters behave as well as possible, considering the possibilities of other

5.  Which term below means the mental pictures or impressions left of a campaign or candidate during a campaign according to our lecture?

Campaigns in politics are important in determining outcomes and inform the voters who remain undecided. Also, campaigns matter because although the candidates or media officials may know what the outcome will be, the voters themselves do not (107). Aside from campaigns, conventions are also important, if not more important. Party nominating conventions affect the apathetic, uninterested electorates who think conventions are interesting and exciting, often known as the Olympic games of politics (121). This experience for voters can carry influence, and is a time of “intense political learning” (129). Therefore, aggregately, conventions make public opinion meaningful because the citizens who watch make an informed decision about a candidate, and have facts about why they will vote for that candidate. The chief reason why individual public opinion is meaningless during presidential elections is the “nonattitudes.” Nonattitudes are survey responses made up on the spot during an interview by a respondent who has no attitude on politics (113). Therefore, these individuals diminish the value of public opinion because we hate inconsistency and this creates an abundance of views on issues. However, during election night, exit polls support why aggregate opinion is also important. Exit polls are meaningful because one hundred percent of those leaving the polls have voted (102). Therefore, we can get real results from the electorates and this makes collective public opinion

Mayhew examines the congressmen activity in Washington that is useful to engage in for the purpose of reelection. The first activity is advertising, defined by making a conscious effort to disseminate one’s name in a positive light among constituents to gain a favorable view. They emphasize personal qualities such as:

Global debates are dominated by controversial political figures that use charged arguments to debate the most controversial issues on the political agenda. The authors argue that success in politics is not about being right or well-reasoned. Instead, it is asserted that success in politics is the ability to imprint positive associations in the long-term memories of voters. More so, success in politics is may be the ability to craft regular, credible, and persuasive arguments that resonate with those of one’s

Assess the extent to which incumbents have an adage over challengers in congressional elections. (25marks)

The article, “How Presidents Shape Their Party’s Reputation and Prospects: New Evidence,” explains previous presidents and their popularity. There are five main questions that are stated regarding presidents’ popularity. Gary Jacobson, the author of this article, explains where he acquires his statistical research and his use of it throughout the article. Regarding the previous statements, there is a detailed description about the results that are found from the research. By the end of this review, the reader understands my overall opinion on this article. With this being said, what is the question the author hopes to answers, what method does the author use to answer the question, what is the answers found, and my thoughts on the article

As politics and government becomes more complex and involved, more effort is required to keep up with and understand it. As a result, many Americans have lost touch with current events and happenings. Therefore, when election time rolls around, many people lack enough information to develop an educated opinion and support a candidate with their vote, so they just do not vote at all. This lack of information is also related to the belief that one vote will not matter. People believe that their vote will not count, and are therefore following the news less and becoming out of touch with public affairs and politics (Is the System Broken?”). This lack of information is also more strongly apparent among the younger voting population. When interviewed

Data used for this term paper was obtained from Houghton Mifflin Company through the 1996 Voter's Data Set found as part of the Crosstabs package. The dependent variable (rows) I chose to highlight the 1996 U.S. presidential election voting pattern was the Final Voting Choice. The independent variables (columns) I chose were personal traits such as education, income, age, religious affiliations, race, and gender. The data made available by the Crosstabs program was compiled in a statistically scientific way by a national survey of citizens before and after the 1996 election. The objective of this research is to determine which of the personal traits of the electorate has a positive, negative, or an indifferent impact on voter turnout. Therefore, I have made the following five assertions in the below listed hypotheses:

In the following documentary, “Last Man Standing: Politics Texas Style” this film is taken place from a behind-the-scenes point of view that shows a very closely fought race in the Texas, There was an ongoing race for the House District 45. Not only did you see the ongoing race but also got to witness the governor’s race, which is Tony Sanchez against Governor Rick Perry. Also another witness Ron Kirk running for senate in Texas against John Cornyn. Overall numerous comments are proclaimed by local and nation figures in the documentary about discussion’s on politics, which really had a very intuitive background to an in depth side from running campaigns to strategies that some candidates used to attract voter to vote for them. In the documentary it primarily focused on two specific candidates running for The House District 45. First, you had Rick Green, a thirty-one year old incumbent Republican Legislator and a conservative leader that is running for reelection as House District 45. He had served two terms during the republican holder generation. Most people notice right from the beginning that he is well more experience candidate for the election, thus making people more openly trust him that he can manage the position of in which he is running for. This not only makes him more experienced through the people’s perspective but also through his campaign style and debate appearances. Another appealing interest that people see is that he is a Christian which people pick up

Thus, meaning you will have to make sufficient notes about each canidate in quickly manner so that the right decision is apparent while you send in whom you would be voting for. Without appearance getting in the way, delegates must choose which candidates speak with the most confidence. With this knowledge and experience of having to perform my own campaign speeches, and signs, I will be able to decipher who I will vote as my superiors, future presidents, and who I want to be in office to represent me and my

This study was done with a subsection of data from American National Election Studies (ANES), which included adults that were sampled across the nation. Their responses to the questions were randomly chosen. Multiple analyses were ran on the categorical demographics given: race, political party and gender. We are running all of these tests below to find out if symbolic racism and fondness of Obama are related. There were 191 females and 159 males, for a total of 350 participants. Subjects were represented by 40.9% Democratic party, 20.6 Republican Party and 31.1% Independent party. The participants were broken down into four ethnic groups: 28.0% African American, 56.9% White, 2.0% multiple races, and 12.9% other. Subjects answered questions related to their preference on Obama on a scale from 0-10, 0 being strongly dislike and 10 being strongly like (M = 5.47, SD = 2.78) and questions pertaining to symbolic racism on a scale from 1-5, 1 being strongly agree and 5 being strongly disagree (M = 3.31, SD = .98), these two variables are considered continuous. The questionnaire was reliable at a Cronach’s Alpha level of .72. Which indicates that is has relatively high internal consistency, which is a measure of how well the items on the test measure the same construct or idea. Considering we have high internal consistency it is safer to assume we can trust that our overall test is measuring the concept of interest.

One of the most confusing phenomenon to anyone unfamiliar with the American political landscape is about the “non-politician” or so-called “outsider” who is seeking a political office on the strength of his inexperience or unfamiliarity with the political process. The public likes the idea of someone who is an outsider to politics, who will come in and “straighten” out all the ‘mess’ the career politicians have made. Most people running for an office for the first time (whether new to politics or not) know this and are astute enough to paint themselves as “new”, “fresh”, ‘outsider” etc.

Why do Americans have limited amount of political knowledge? It’s because the public lacks interest in politics. They rely on group/party loyalty, rather than reasoning. Their responses change randomly from survey to survey. Recent research shows that the public knows some basic things. For example, they know the location of the capital and the length of president’s term, but they lack knowledge about other basic things. About 50% know there are 2 senators for each state, and only 66% know which party controls the House. They show high instability of their preferences, so explosion of information sources has not helped. The authors Greenburg and Page believe that political “trivia” may not be a good measure of adequate knowledge. They also mentioned that the reason for the instability of preference is because people change their minds and reflect on multidimensional ideology. It’s understandable that American citizens have lost trust in the government as well as interest, but the group of people that show the least amount of interest in politics and voting are the young generation.

The first form of nonverbal communication that plays a significant role in influencing the voting behavior is the physical appearance of candidates. The analytical study by Olivola and Todorov (2010) states that today’s politics have become so extremely intricate and incomprehensible that it is almost impossible for voters to genuinely agree to every aspect of the candidates’ views. For instance, it is highly conceivable for voters to agree on international and security issues with one candidate and agree on economic issues with the other candidate at the same time. Hence, the number of the voters who are unfamiliar with the intricacies of political issues and unmotivated to study candidates’ policy as a criterion for making their choice has increased (Olivola & Todorov, 2010). In addition, according to Olivola and Todorov (2010), the field of cognitive psychology indicates that people’s minds tend to simplify decision making process by relying on simple rules when they are confronted with too much information. As a result, instead of behaving as rational actors and voting reasonably as they are believed to do so, voters are hugely influenced by and unconsciously opt for irrelevant cues, which in this case, the candidates’ physical appearance.