How the Trickle-Down Theory Works in China Essay

As an American economist and social scientist, Thorstein Bunde Veblen worked hard to apply a distinct approach to the study of economic establishments. He also developed the theory of the leisure class which led him to win fame in the literacy circles (Pierce, n.d). Veblen further put in writing many aspects of wealthy individual lives, therefore “coining the phrases conspicuous consumption and pecuniary emulation” (Pierce, n.d). His intellectual criticism of capitalism landed him with fame in the field of economic and sociology.

Globalization has, for better or worse, altered the economic arena for every country in the world. For many less developed countries, globalization has leveled the playing field so that their economies can compete with the larger, more developed ones such as the United States and other large western economies. For instance, technical engineers in India and China are now just as qualified as engineers in America, but at half the cost. The once large and prosperous service sector in the United States as well as telemarketing services have largely been sourced to India as a large exodus of American multinational corporations find cheaper workers who deliver comparable quality. This then seems to be the essence of globalization - businesses

While the other side of the world’s fashion was ruled by the pop culture, Vietnamese women’s fashion in the 1980s was in desperate stage. After the country reunited, the national economy from older systems collapsed and needed to be reconstructed, leading to the subsidy period. There was hardly any private businesses but only supplies from the government on the market. Everybody had to use ticket to get the supplies that the government gave to them with the exact portions like others. This policy initially aimed to create a society with no division in class and to enhance the equality between the North and the South. However, with the limitation in the supplies, most people lived in poverty with the lack of many basic needs. Therefore, women

the trickle-down effect is most prominent in fashion where those of a higher class are able to have access to more options faster and utilise clothing as a means of expressing identity while still establishing themselves within their social group. Eventually more affordable clothing stores adopt the fashions of the upper classes making it more accessible, this however causes those of the upper class to lose their desire for the item and trend adopting instead new fashions perpetuating the cycle and creating fast fashion. The trickle-down theory creates a simple method of predicting the spread of fashion and trends for clothing companies (Bertrand and Morse, 2016)

Relevance of the topic is that today the interest in the culture of Asian countries, including China grows and so does the number of works related to the history and way of lifestyle of the Chinese people throughout time. Moreover, we should take into account the fact that patterns of traditions affected the lives of modern Chinese women 's behaviour. When we analyze the situation status of modern Chinese women, you can see a lot of similarities with the behaviour of women in ancient China, which can help to explain the phenomena of modern life of Chinese women, looking into the past.

For an economy other than Australia, explain how government development strategies have responded to the process of globalisation.

Over the course of the history of clothing styles and production, one thing has never changed: a person’s wealth directly influences

John F. Kennedy once said, “Change is the law of life. Those who look only to the past or present are sure to miss the future.” Between 600 C.E and 1450 C.E, gender roles in China changed drastically when it came to job opportunities and the belief that women should remain compliant. A significant continuity also took place in regard to the effects that society’s concept of beauty has on women.

As many other countries around the world China has its long history of a struggle for equality and prosperity against tyrants and dictatorships. The establishment of People’s Republic of China in 1949 seemed to have put an end to that struggle for a better life. “The Chinese people have stood up!” declared Mao Tse-tung, the chairman of China’s Communist Party (CPP) – a leading political force in the country for the time. The people were defined as a coalition of four social classes: the workers, the peasants, the petite bourgeoisie and the national-capitalists. The four classes were to be led buy the CPP, as the leader of the working class.

The fashion industry is rapidly growing and constantly generating new fashion trends almost weekly. Fashion for some may seem ridiculous and unnecessary; but fashion is not just a meaningless usage of article of clothing or farcical materials sew together for coverage. There is more to fashion than meets the eyes, fashion is precious and significant. It is a reflection of self-image, it speak the ream about who we are and how we review ourselves. Not only is fashion the reflection of self-image but also the reflection of our history as Coco Channel have said, “Fashion is not something that exist in dresses only. Fashion is in the sky, in the street, fashion has to do with ideas, the way we live, what is happening.” Fashion

In 1997, Dorothy Ko published an article in the Journal of Women’s History called “The Body as Attire: The Shifting Meanings of Footbinding in Seventeen-Century China”. The article is organized with a brief introduction as to what footbinding is, the negative outlook on this practice due to problematic archives, and then she discusses the examples she gives to support her thesis. Ko’s thesis was “Chinese elite males in the seventeenth century regarded footbinding in three ways: as an expression of Chinese wen civility, as a marker of ethnic boundaries separating Han from Manchu, and as an ornament or embellishment of the body.” Since Ko is a celebrated and established author on women in early East Asia, the article “The Body as Attire: The Shifting Meanings of Footbinding in Seventeen Century China” is an accurate and useful source if one is trying to study that area.

The goals of Deng Xiaoping’s economic reform were the ‘Four Modernizations’. This Four Modernization refers to the reform of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science technology. These reforms were to solve the problems of motivating workers and farmers to produce a larger surplus and to eliminate economic imbalances that were common in command economies.

Famous fashion Designer Gabrielle Coco Chanel (1883-1971) stated that luxury is a necessity that begins where necessity ends. Similar ideas were acknowledged by the famous economist Veblen (1899), in his book The Theory of the Leisure Class, who explains the concept of conspicuous consumption as the waste of money and/or resources by people to display a higher status than others. Luxury is concept related to status, ego and psychogenic needs; it is not necessary for survival. Luxury goods have always been associated with high quality, craftsmanship, uniqueness, creativity, exclusivity and innovation. Apart from these product attributes, the consumers also get the additional psychological benefits like esteem, prestige and a sense of a high status that reminds them and others that they belong to an exclusive group who can afford these expensive goods.

This essay will be considering the historical development of haute couture by analysing Charles Frederick Worth’s (father of haute couture) key factors in the success of haute Couture. I will then discuss Coco Chanel’s thriving impact on haute couture as well as ready-to-wear caused by the second world war. Saint Laurent’s drift to ready-to-wear and the high street fashion system will also be discussed in order to answer if haute couture is relevant in fashion today. The books I will be analysing and referencing are ‘A Cultural History of Fashion in the 20th Century’ by Bonnie English, ‘Couture’ by Ruth Lynam, ‘How Fashion Works’ by Gavin Waddell. Which will thoroughly breakdown the evolution and historical development of fashion by cultural, economic, environmental and social changes to finally come into a conclusion.

A lot has changed and evolved in the history of fashion since the 1900s. As the century dawned, fashion was an exclusive enterprise, the pursuit of wealth. The average person in society settled for garments that were usually stitched at home. With time, however, networks of neighborhood tailors began to evolve into a retail history and the boom was followed by boutique selling.