Human Abdomen and Correct Answers Essay

REVIEW OF SYSTEMS;;12 point ROS was preformed and is negative except noted in above HIP, PMH and PSH. Careful attention was paid to endocrine, integumentary, pulmonary, renal and neurological exam

a. Where on the thoracic surface do you auscultate to the tricuspid, mitral (bicuspid), pulmonary, and aortic valves? Auscultation for the tricuspid valve would be in the left sternal margin of the 5th intercostal space. The mitral valve sounds are heard over the apex of the heart (5th intercostal space) in line with the middle of the clavicle. Pulmonary valve sounds are auscultated at the 2nd intercostal space at the left sternal margin. The aortic valve is heard at the 2nd intercostal space of the right sternal margin.

I performed assessments every day of preceptorship. Lung sounds can be difficult for me to identify, so I liked being able to listen and ask my preceptor if she heard the same thing. I heard a whooshing sound over the heart of one of my patients and spent extra time listening to it. I guess he noticed that I was confused because he told me that he has a Pig Valve. Some of the other sounds I could verify were crackles and wheezes.

Abdomen: The lipases appeared unremarkable. The liver, spleen, gallbladder adrenals, kidneys, pancreas and abdominal aorta appeared unremarkable. The bowels seen on the study appeared thickened. Dilated appendix seemed consistent with acute appendicitis. All the structures of the abdomen appeared unremarkable. No free air was seen.

The majority of nurses are still auscultating air insufflation over the abdomen to check the placement of nasogastric tubes, since it was the method that was taught for many years. It is an easy and less expensive way to check the placement, but research has shown that it is not reliable. Research showed that sounds can be transmitted to the epigastrium no matter where the nasogastric tube is placed. It does not matter if it is in the lungs, esophagus, or stomach, it can still be heard through the stethoscope (De Boer, J., Smit, B., Mainous, R., 2009).

C) Vibration and sound are used to form words by occluding a valve over the stoma

The concentration of dissolved substances is less in the extracellular fluid than in the cytoplasm. Hypotonic Solution Concentration of dissolved substances (solute) Concentration of water (solvent) What happens to an animal cells? Inside the cell Greater Less Outside the cell Less Greater Membrane

3) A nurse takes care of a patient with cardiac dysrhythmia. Which of the following laboratory values is a priority for the nurse to monitor?

Cardiovascular Assessment: No visible pulsations, no heaves or lifts. Apical pulse present in the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line. Auscultation of apical rate 62 beats per minute, normal rhythm regular S1 - S2 heart sounds present. Pulsations present when supine and disappear at a 45 degree angle position. Extremities are brown color without redness, cyanosis, lesions or varicosities bilaterally. Temperature warm bilaterally, Allen test was negative. Homan’s sign negative. Carotids: +2 and present bilaterally. Right Radial +2, left radial +1 , Right Brachial: +2

The man cut himself in the stomach. The stomach, located in the upper left quadrant of the human body, is where the diaphragm so happens to be located. If stabbed in the diaphragm, it can lead to shortness of breath causing a sharp pain in the Thoracic Cavity and around the bottom of the ribs near the stomach, which is the Abdominal Cavity, causing stomach pain. The redness and extreme swelling below the waist is most likely caused by internal bleeding, stomach acids leaking out on to the small and large intestines or both. The problems were caused by the knife injuries and the body parts that are damaged are both the stomach and the

I then went onto percuss his chest in the appropriate places (see appendix 2 for places for percussion) using my two fingers to tap on my second finger, which I had placed over his intercostal spaces. I was observing for Resonance, hyper resonance dull and very dull sounds

In addition, as a result of high attenuation in bones, absorption of sound occurs resulting in vibration and friction and hence, sound energy loss. For these reasons, one should scan a liver through the intercostal spaces where little or no reflection occurs or under the ribs but not through the ribs.

Percuss at the anterior axillary line and continue toward the sternum along the fifth intercostal space. The sound changes from resonance to dullness over the left border of the heart, normally at the midclavicular line. Percussing is used to help locate cardiac borders. It is important to know that the right border of the heart is usually aligned with the sternum and can't be

SPLEEN: Located inferior to the one lobe of the liver, lateral to the stomach. It was dark brown in color, vertically lengthened, flat and smooth.

It is approximately six inches long and extends upward from the ileo-cecal valve to the hepatic