Human Computer Interaction

One of the most controversial and important air crash linked to human error of the modern world happened on the night of February 12, 2009. Colgan air flight 3407, operated by Continental Connection, was on final approach to runway 23 at Buffalo-Niagara International Airport as it disappeared from radar. The aircraft was a Bombardier Dash 8, a popular twin engine medium range turboprop Airliner used by many regional carriers. The aircraft entered an uncontrollable stall crashing into to a neighborhood 5 miles northeast of the airport killing all everyone on souls on board. The Captain, Marvin Resnlow and first officer Rebecca Lynne were behind the controls the night of the accident. The NTSB report determined error by both pilots cause the aircraft to crash. Thus, pilot fatigues, improper recovery form a stall were contributing factors. The victim’s family members pushed for congress to overhaul airline regulations. The NTBS investigation delivery multiple findings that eventually led to a modernization of airline operations and pilot training.

As a collaborative case study, we analyzed the American Airlines Flight 1420 accident using the SHELL Model. The SHEL Model was developed by a Professor Elwyn Edwards in 1972 and it was later modified to the SHELL Model by a human factors consultant named Frank Hawkins. We can see all the human factors that were involved in the accident utilizing following aspects software, hardware, environment, liveware and liveware. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) conducted a thorough investigation and determine that the American Airlines Flight 1420 was a runway overrun accident caused by human factors.

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries Science & Technology have grown-up a radical contribution to industry, and the personal computer has become a defining symbol of our age. In 1940, it was not recognized that Science & Technology would develop into an innovative way that would intensely affect business, trade, the monetary world, administration, discipline, education, communications, entertainment, and society as a whole. Today, information technology and its applications persist to go forward progressively. Computers and communication technology will become even more precious to civilization as they are ever more able to distinguish

The majority of society has adapted to the technology-rich world that we live in. After all, an important aspect of a good electronic is its user-friendliness and adaptability. We have taken advantage of all technologies improvements in products and services. However, in the future, technology will provide much more than just products and services. It will provide autonomous transportation and engrossing entertainment. It will also enhance education, ameliorate the healthcare industry, help the environment, grow global economy and much more. Technology will have a vital

Devices are changing people’s lifestyles. People work and communicate with devices, which people couldn’t have even imagined 100 years ago. Interaction Design makes users’ lives more convenient by analyzing the relationship between people and devices. Interaction Design will mostly used for web and mobile applications now because users always interact with them in daily life. Especially, the navigation in a mobile application can make people’s life easier. For example, in Gmail mobile application, emails can be achieved by swiping, so that people don’t need to waste their time to read those unimportant email. Also, the designers can attract more users by unique Interaction Design. For example, snapchat’s face filters help them increase users’

A high level of interconnectedness between system components, reliance on indirect information sources, an unpredictable environment, or incomprehensibility of a system to its operators indicates complexity within a system (Perrow, 1999). Since systems are designed, run and built by humans, they cannot be perfect. Every part of the system is subject to failure; the design can be faulty, as can the equipment, the procedures, the operators, the supplies, and the environment. Since nothing is perfect, humans build in safeguards, such as redundancies, buffers, and alarms that tell operators to take corrective action. But occasionally two or more failures can interact in ways that could not be anticipated. These unexpected interactions of failures can defeat the safeguards, and if the system is also “tightly coupled” thus allowing failures to cascade, it can bring down a part or all of system. The vulnerability to unexpected interactions that defeat safety systems is an inherent part of highly complex systems; they cannot avoid this (Perrow, 1984).

Charles Babbage is recognized as “The Father of Computing”. He developed the concept of a digital programmable computer. Charles contrived the concept called the Analytical Engine and it hailed as the first general-purpose computer concept. The Analytical Engine serves to be the signature of computer technology; nevertheless, this computer concept was the evolution that began the inventions of computers. Whereas the 1st generation of computers served in the early 19th century, it expanded throughout the generations; thus, evolving into computers people know today. In the 21st century not computers, but technology itself are highly known to be used everywhere. The advancement of technology within the 21st century does not just go into using computers; furthermore, it goes to using cell phones, tablets, pcs, laptops, desktops, wearable devices, such as smartwatches and activity trackers, etc. Computers are disbursed within workplaces, such as colleges, high schools, and even hospitals.

For this report a human-machine system had to be chosen to analyse. The chosen product is a mobile phone, more specifically a Nokia 6220 (as pictured below). This product is relevant to this project because it encompasses many of the different topics that will be considered and when

Nowadays, technology is an essential aspect of our daily lives. Technology is continually increasing its functions and the way we communicate with the rest of the world. From the views of modern people, within all technologies, digital technology contributed most to various technological improvements, which have developed and changed society. Digital technology is the basis of almost all the software and based on the binary code which is a coding system that representing a letter, digit, or character in an electronic device by using the binary digits 0 and 1. Both households and businesses use digital technology for different purposes, like artificial intelligence, business, and communication.

Human computer interaction is an essential part of gaming and general computer usage, because it is the only way that a person can ‘Communicate’ with a computer. This is because the Person understands the inputs, for example a keyboard has letters on it, when pressed the computer will receive a binary code telling the computer that a key has been pressed and which one it was, and then the computer follows the rest of the instructions. For console this is represented by a Game controller, which have many different. Starting off they were designs like the joystick.

The purpose of the authors is to introduce the capabilities of context-aware design and give an insight into how it can positively affect and benefit the user’s lifestyle. The authors inform the audience of the three types of context-aware computer systems and uses prototype examples to clearly explain them to an audience who would not be knowledgeable about this field. The article highlights how human-computer interactions incorporated into computer systems are continuously evolving to provide a more personal, efficient and user friendly experience. This has further extended onto systems that recognise contexts and situations allowing less user inputs and more about understanding and analysing the user’s preferences.

Various technologies have been developed to allow for human-computer interaction in gaming. The main ways of human-computer interaction in gaming are through a mouse and keyboard, a controller and through a touchscreen. Controllers have evolved greatly since their inception, at the same rate video games have advanced. Controllers started with pong paddles. They came in many variations but the main concept was some form of slider, whether it moved vertically, horizontally or rotated to move the player up and down the screen during a game of pong. Some only allowed for 1D up and down movement, while more advanced ones allowed for 2D movement with the Fairchild Channel F allowing for 2D movement,

In general, this report proves adhering to good human computer interaction, usability, and accessibility guidelines is compulsory if one is to produce a successful product. Following on from this conclusion, it is apparent that the report briefly covers a small volume of these elements, the Study Administrator did desire, to widen the depth of research into the dynamic fields and disciplines of Human Computer Interaction, a good reason for this was because, as the report gained traction it became clear that there was an abundance of knowledge to be gained in this area of expertise. Nevertheless, the research conducted did encapsulate the results in its meaning entirely.

The SIGCHI is a special interest group which is part of the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) dedicated to being a premier international society for academics, students and professionals studying the advanced topics of human technology and human-computer interaction (HCI) (ACM, 2012). The website is rich with content in the fields of human-computer technology and its role across industries in streamlining the development and launch of state-of-the-art systems and technologies. The goals of the website is well-organized and designed for ease of access and use by a wide range of users, from students and academicians to professionals designing systems and software using these technologies.

According to (Dix, A. Finlay, J. Abowd, G. & Beale, R. 2004) Human computer interaction “is the study of how people interact with computers and to what extent computers are or are not developed for successful interaction with human beings.”