Human Genetic Evolution

In the movie, Journey of Man: Genetic Odyssey, Spencer Wells talks about the origins of humans. He comes up with a theory that a person came from Africa many years ago. In addition, Wells tries to figure out why there were people from many parts of the world after they came from Africa. There are some main points in the video. One of them is that humans got different features in their bodies because humans lived in many different parts of the world and each of them had a different environment. For example, Europe typically doesn’t get as much sunlight as many parts of the world. Because of the lower amount of sunlight, humans who traveled to Europe didn’t have to deal with the damaging rays from the sun as much. In addition, the climate was

The world has always persistently evolved into separate and varying communities that differed across the globe. Many researches undertook an effort to establish their own personal beliefs on how these countries advanced into what they are now. In the article “Why Did Human History Unfold Differently On Different Continents For The Last 13,000 Years?” Jared Diamond seeks to provide various explanations regarding different claims that were said to have impacted the different rates of growth of these countries. He argues that human history developed at different rates due to proximate factors stemming from having an East/West axis versus a North/South axis. He also leads on to inform his audience about various circumstances that have allowed certain groups to develop at different rates including domesticating crops and animals, proximity to other groups, and technological innovations that has permitted Eurasians to develop at a faster rate than

The Journey of Man was an interesting non-fictional anthropological literary piece where the author sought to explain how modern humans came to inhabit the world we know today. He began by talking about the mitochondrial DNA passed from mother to daughter, or the maternal line. Using this it was discovered that all people had a common female ancestor who lived in Africa about 200,000 years ago. This was one of the first steps in supporting the out of Africa hypothesis. However, mtDNA could not give all the answers to how humans moved throughout the world, and for that he turned to the male Y chromosome. By examining this, he and many other geneticists discovered the different changes throughout populations, and could estimate how long ago they occurred. According to Wells, modern humans were in Africa 60,000 years ago, and from that point began to migrate outward. For each new area, such as Asia, the Middle East, Australia, and others, there were specific polymorphisms on the Y chromosome that defined each population. By using this technique, he was able to map out when modern

Human evolution is the biological and cultural development of humans. A human is any member of the species Homo sapiens, meaning "wise man." Since at least the Upper Paleolithic era, some 40,000 years ago, every human society has devised a creation myth to explain how humans came to be. Creation myths are based on cultural beliefs that have been adopted as a legitimate explanation by a society as to where we came from.

In the beginning of this book Yali asked Jared Diamond a question, “Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?”, and in the epilogue Diamond answers. The answer to Yali’s question is that the geography and environment of Europe was an advantage which they used to dominate and conquer people of New Guinea and other remote areas. The difference in animal and plant domestication, rates of diffusion, and migration due to ecological barriers between continents has contributed to Europe as an advanced continent. Europe also came to dictate the Fertile Crescent and China which were the first to develop the earliest food production. The Fertile Crescent underwent

One of the most astonishing things on earth is the human body. They consist of many organs that work together to maintain the person alive. The humans body composition is complex, but what was the origin? How did we become who we are today? These are the questions that intrigued me, and allowed me to understand how the human body evolved over the years. By the examination of our ancestors, and our body we will understand how we look today.

In the film Journey of Men: Genetic Odyssey anthropologist Spencer Wells proved that early humans migrated out of Africa. In order to prove that all humans share the same family history, this essay will first talk about where humans evolved from, the first humans in Africa, their DNA and chromosomes, and the migration itself.

For many years, scientists have studied Neanderthals. Some scientists have led to believe that Neanderthals play a special role in the genetic makeup of modern day humans. In the article, Ancient gene flow from early modern humans into Eastern Neanderthals, it says that recently it has been shown that Neanderthals contributed genetically to modern humans outside Africa 47,0000-65,000 years ago. In this article Neanderthals and Denisovan, (an extinct species of human in the genus homo Alta) are analyzed from the Altai Mountains in Siberia together with the sequence of chromosome 21 of two Neanderthals from Spain and Croatia. In their research they discovered that a population that diverged early from other modern humans in Africa have contributed

According to physical evidence, and theories, scholars have concluded upon a whole hypothesis. Based on their knowledge and belief, modern humans diverged from Homo sapiens between 200,000 and 150,000 years ago specifically in Africa, that between 125,000 and 60,000 years ago members of Homo sapiens left Africa, and that these

The article “The Great Human Migration” uses non- historical evidence like archaeological findings or samples of DNA which have proven theories to draw conclusions about human history. Two main theories, the Multi- Regional hypothesis and the Out-of-Africa Theory, have arose to support and explicate the fossil records. Unhistorical evidence, like analyzing DNA, have helped scientists trace heredities all the way back in time. This proved that Homo sapiens have evolved in Africa, almost 200,000 years ago. This evidence

In the book "Ecological Imperialism: The Biological expansion of Europe, 900-1900" the author, Alfred W. Crosby, answers many questions about the history of European expansion. It is a well written and thought out book with great analogies and detailed information that help the reader understand what exactly Crosby is trying to say. He starts off his book by explaining what the "Neo-Europes" are. They are a population who settled in the temperate zones and are mainly European descents. The questions he is attempting to explain is why there is a substantial mass of Europeans in these different lands which were so far-flung from Europe. The European emigrants have scattered among many lands in the world, and have become the leading ethnic group in most regions outside of Europe. In addition, Crosby reflects on how the Neo-Europes were able to provide vast food excess. His most important question though, is if " European humans have triumphed because of their superiority in arms, organization and fanaticism..." or "Perhaps the success of European imperialism has a biological, an ecological, component."(p.7) Further in the book Crosby explains his questions to the readers.

The central purpose of this essay is to critically discuss the importance of understanding human evolution and the history of psychology for the modern psychologist. For the human evolution, the essay will be addressing on how we and other species descended from our ancestors and how the different environment has helped to us to become more adaptable. Regarding the history of psychology, the essay will be discussing on how psychology branched off from the philosophy approach to become its own science. The essay will then go on discussing how the understanding of both human evolution and history of psychology would be used by modern psychologist.

The ‘out of Africa’ theory implies that Anatomically modern humans evolved in East Africa between 400,000 and 200,000 years ago and began to disperse throughout the world roughly 70,000 to 135,000 years ago. In 2011, scientists came to the conclusion there were likely two major waves of migration out of Africa - the Early northern Africa dispersal and Southern Route dispersal.

Humans have existed on Earth for approximately 3.4 million years. The oldest known human ancestor is "Lucy," an Australopithecus. Over this extensive period of time, humans have evolved significantly. Homo Sapiens have grown from 3 to almost 6 feet (average), lost most of the body hair, became leaner and adapted to walking. Humans have come a long way, from Australopithecus to Homo sapiens, from living in trees to living in cities. Slowly, through hundreds of thousands of years, we mutated over and over again, natural selection ensuring that no destructive mutations continue. From the slow evolution, four distinctive species emerged and died out, each giving way to its ' descendant: Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus, Homo Sapiens Neanderthalesis, and Homo sapiens Sapiens.

Human evolution according to research started over 6 million years ago. The outcome of the evolution process is the current human beings. Scientific studies have revealed over the years a remarkable affinity between the chimpanzees/Apes and human beings. Even though this reality is not a definitive prove that human beings evolved from apes, it does show that the human beings are in one way or another related to other primates. Scientists suppose that the humans and the primates shared a common ancestor. The subject of what makes humans what they are and their origin has been the exclusive purpose leading to many scientific studies globally (Coolidge & Wynn, 2011). Studies believe that Africa was the origin of evolution millions of years ago. Fossil remains have been discovered in different parts of Africa as well as other regions of the world. Different hominins have been discovered around the world in the last 1 million years. Thus, the different discoveries have led to comparisons between the various species of hominins to clarify on their similarities as well as differences. This essay seeks to explain whether they were distinctively different species or regional versions of the same species.