The Human Genome Project

The medical advances being made feasible by genetic testing are very exciting. It is possible for people with predispositions for genetic defects to know in advance if they will have a healthy child or not. If they find out there is a problem they can choose to terminate the pregnancy or they can prepare in advance for their child's special needs. There is even new technology called Ex Utero genetic testing. This test is performed on eggs fertilized through in vitro fertilization before they are even put in the mother's uterus. Understanding genes in the developing human will help doctors understand the nature of genetic diseases and may lead to countless other medical breakthroughs. Though it is probably a long way off doctors may one day be able to manipulate genes. If this is possible some genetic problems may be cured.

How has knowing the structure of the human genome changed the understanding of genetic disorders?

Imagine having a baby. You are completely in love with this baby. You watch him grow, learn to rollover, and say his first words. After getting to know this baby so well, and being in complete adoration, your precious 1 year old dies. Or what if you get to know your child for 12 years, but then you have to watch them die slowly from suffocation because their lungs have inflamed too much for them to breathe. This happens because of genetic disorders. The first example, SCIDs, second example, Cystic Fibrosis. Where do humans get these diseases? From human genes. Researchers are just beginning to use genetic technology to reveal the genomic contributions to these different phenotypes, and as they do so, they are also discovering a variety of other

People now know the causes of their diseases, the likelihood that their child could get a trait based on the parents, and so people can get a better sense of who they are.

In addition, we have been able to better asses a person’s genetically inherited diseases. A classic example of such diseases is cancer, by understanding how a gene can go wrong, scientist can work out a solution to treat such diseases. A method of understanding cancer is using oncomouse, a transgenic mouse carrying an activated human cancer gene, used in laboratory experiments. Oncomouse was important to science because it is made to grow cancer and with it, we can predict on how to delay or prevent cancer from an early stage. This is very useful for anti-cancer

Today we live in a very technologically advanced society. Scientists are continually discovering new things about the world and the way things work. "In the 1980ís, it was becoming increasingly apparent to many scientists that an understanding of basic biology would be greatly enhanced if the detailed structure of DNA was understood" (Mehlman, 1998). Thus began what has become know as The Human Genome Project which is "the mapping of all our

Since the invasion of the western culture on the rest of the world, a new standard of science has emerged. This new breed of scientist digs for answers wherever he/she thinks that they may be found, with no compassion for the environment around them or the outcome of those actions. The modern day scientist seems to have a problem with accepting nature for the way it is and instead, is trying to constantly rearrange it for the proclaimed reason of, the good of man. DNA research began over twenty years ago because, mankind has always had a lust for how we work and operate. DNA, it was found, seemed to be the blueprint for how the human genetic structure worked and operated. This was where science obviously needed to be headed as it was after all, the possible key to all of mankind’s questions of itself. Some years after, the massive project began known as the Human Genome Project. The project began with the promise of, in the end, being able to figure out the cause of almost every human malfunction and the cure for it (Thomas, p 51).

The human genome consists of all the genes that make up the master blue print for building a human being. There are about one hundred thousand genes concealed inside of the nucleus of each cell. The genes are tangled inside of an elongated genetic structure that is called the chromosome. Mapping and eventually decoding the human genome will enable us to provide strategies to diagnose and possibly prevent different genetic diseases, and disorders. Eventually, we may even unravel the mysteries of human embryonic development, as well as gain insights into our evolutionary past. The initial effort in this direction was started by the government under the name of The Human Genome Project, however, it didn't take long for private ventures to

Hebrews 6:4-6 & 10:26-31 o Light: Having being enlightened o Having tasted the Heavenly gift o Having being made a partaker of the Holy Ghost o Having tasted the good Word of God o Having tasted the Powers of the World to come Here we see different Pillars too for the second Punch Hebrews 12:14, Matthew 5:8, o I love those who love me and those who seek me diligently shall see me, {Love JAH} o Blessed are those with pure heart for they all see JAH, {Have a Pure Heart} o Be at Peace with everyone {PEACE} o {Seek for JAH diligently} o {Be Holy} Glorifying JAH Psalms 100:4 it teaches us the way to approach JAH with THANKSGIVING, PRAISE AND BLESSING JAH. The following are songs from the Psalms to thank, praise and glorifying JAH. Psalms

The Genome project is very significant because it is trying to cure illness and diseases. This project was first started in 1990 and it lasted till 2003 and it took thirteen years to complete the genetic sequencing. The discoveries that were made during this project are now being tested and studied to become more accurate. Furthermore, The genome project is trying to accurately sequence all the genes, cure and prevent different illnesses that affect people all around the world. Mary Shelly's novel Frankenstein can apply to the Genome project because of the importance of both projects.

Genetically modifying the human genome is a topic that has been discussed for several decades, but just recently it is becoming a reality. Through many advancements of technology, the CRISPR method has emerged, and it is providing the opportunity for genetically modifying the human genome to take off. However, allowing the use of the CRISPR method is not just a black and white decision. Modifying the human genome is a hot debate in the science and medical fields todays. Arguments in support of modifying the human genome including the following; offers the opportunity to cure genetic diseases, improves the value of life, it is similar to any other intrusive medical therapy, and it provides beneficence. Nevertheless, although we have this type of technology at our fingertips, there are many concerns with editing the human genome. Some of the concerns include the following; the potential safety issues, the unknown consequences that may evolve from a procedure of this kind, sacrificing human dignity, and finally nonmaleficence. There are arguments in support of modifying the human genome to cure genetic diseases, and there are arguments in opposition of modifying the human genome to cure genetic diseases because of the ethicality of the procedure.

According to the NHS confederation, in March 2017 there are approximately 33000 full-time GPs working for the NHS (3). There are 65.5 million people in the United Kingdom, they all have a right to healthcare from the NHS. Genome sequencing identifies the sequence at every single base pair location therefore rare variants are also included; this technique is very complex and very large datasets are produced which would be very overwhelming for GPs to interpret. Genotyping can only look at known variants, up to 4 million SNPs are covered by most arrays, these data sets are smaller and easier to interpret, especially when considering clinical outcomes. 1§1

Rapid growth in the health field over the past several decades has brought with it many advancements even in the prenatal stages of life, one may think this is all positive, but is it really? With all new technology and advancements in the health field the lives of humans can be heavily impacted by these advancements in the study of human genes.

The sequencing of the human genome involves the vision of an advanced medical science and academic research. Nowadays, genetic databases are making a loud noise to easily determine the relationships between lifestyle, environmental exposures, and genetic diseases. These databases large lean on collective data in contribution to genetic information and research materials that deal with the genetic cases of diseases. For the reason that genetic databank has a great potential of massive profit and technologic advancements that could improve our understanding of a range of diseases, private companies seek to get access to these genetic databanks of patients. However, this research can only proceed with consideration of the ethical, legal and

The information that scientists have gathered can be viewed as a set of inheritable instructions for the function of a person's development. People still use the tools scientists made during the Human Genome Project to extend their efforts for characterizing all of the genomes of many different organisms. Its used a lot in biological research for mice, fruit flies and flatworms. Not only did they increase the materials scientists can use, they also provided new advanced methods for understanding and organizing information that came from the Human Genome Project for scientists and other people. The DNA the scientist used for the project came from volunteers whose identity was kept a secret. They provided the scientist with samples of DNA for sequencing. This gave them more than enough DNA to sort through and gather information