Human Trafficking Essay

Annotated Bibliography including five citations in APA documentation format, each with a brief summary paragraph: in your own words, write a two-three sentence summary the source’s main point and identifying key expert views or evidence which will help support specific points in your outline.

Slavery in the United States was a form of unfree labor which existed as a legal institution in North America for more than a century before the founding of the United States in 1776, and continued mostly in the South until the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1865. Most slaves were black and were held by whites, although some Native Americans and free blacks also held slaves; there were a small number of white slaves as well.

Even though slavery was abolished in 1865 by the thirteenth amendment, it declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction."[1]

There are many types of slavery. The most common for the 1800s is forced labor, which in the 1800s, was longterm, no pay, bad conditions. Forced labor is physical, forcing them to work for hours on end, and beaten into submission. There is also forced marriage, sex trafficking, and child labor, the most cruel. Slaves under 18 take up 30% of the whole slave population, and is involved with every single type of slavery.

Human trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery in which traffickers use force, fraud, or coercion to control victims for the purpose of engaging in commercial sex acts or labor services against his/her will. (“Human Trafficking.”) Differing definitions of sex trafficking in state laws make it difficult to know if the studies on sex trafficking are including consensual, adult sex workers, who are not victims of trafficking under federal or international law in their numbers. Vulnerable Native American women and youth are targeted by traffickers more than any other ethnic group. The data collected for the “Shattered Hearts” report from 95 Native women and girls suggest that the trafficking of Native girls into prostitution is a significant, though rarely discussed as a problem. Still, the studies do suggest that sex trafficking of Native women and girls, specifically, is present in the United States. (“Shattered Hearts.”)

Human trafficking, or the selling and buying of people, is a well-hidden yet prominent issue within today’s society. It is both an immoral and horrific topic that needs brought to attention and dealt with. When human beings are manipulated into work, sexual servitude, or economic hardship, human trafficking is occurring. In the year of 2006, only one individual is convicted of human trafficking per 800 victims (UNGIFT). By looking at straight statistics, reasons human trafficking happens, and the toll it has on people, it is very clear that this is a major issue that is happening in our world.

In the years from 1600 to 1783 the thirteen colonies in North America were introduced to slavery and underwent the American Revolutionary War. Colonization of the New World by Europeans during the seventeenth century resulted in a great expansion of slavery, which later became the most common form of labor in the colonies. According to Peter Kolchin, modern Western slavery was a product of European expansion and was predominantly a system of labor. Even with the introduction of slavery to the New World, life still wasn’t as smooth as we may presume. Although the early American colonists found it perfectly fine to enslave an entire race of people, they

In the United States, slavery is said to have started in 1619, when slaves were brought to Jamestown, Virginia to aid in the production of lucrative crops such as tobacco (“Slavery in America”). The 13th Amendment, adopted

From the time 1660s, they had a couple of laws only for the slaves. From the start, they weren’t having equal rights or freedom. Just knowing you came to a new world but things turned out for the worst. One of the laws was any escaped slaves would be returned to their owners. Just escaping was a consequence, they won’t know what their owners would do to them. They would do anything just to be free and get away from the hell they were going through. Owners would be beat, rape and sometimes kill them. If they had good owner then they were considered lucky.  Another law is United States carries a trade on or traffic with slaves to any foreign country. A Third law is if they born in slavery they are slaves and if they weren’t then they were

Slavery became illegal in Europe and the islands and America eventually followed. The United States were reluctant to give up slavery. The Civil War took place mainly over slavery and the outcome of the war was emancipation of slaves in all states. Slavery is now illegal all over the world but it continues to this day, and is now specific to no race. Contemporary slavery takes on many forms. For example, African Americans who were former slaves had no access to education or a wage high enough to become independent for years after slavery was outlawed. As a result, slavery took on a different form. Major corporations use prisoners and people in developing countries for labor to pay below minimum wage if at all. Other forms of forced labor that continue in present day are child labor and sex

Slavery as we know today, is still considered one of the most talked about subjects in history. The historical backdrop of bondage in early America incorporates the absolute most disturbing stories from our past. Slavery began when African Slaves initially arrived in the North American settlement of Jamestown in 1619. These slaves helped with the creation of profoundly lucrative products such as tobacco. In this manner, it was absolutely a rural undertaking that would later provoke the presence of one of the chronicled treacheries done particularly to the African migrants. The issue took course during the sixteenth and eighteenth century American

Slavery in America can be traced all the way back to colonial times, or as historians have dated; 1619. Although slavery had technically been abolished by the late 1800’s, issues over race still remained prominent. Regulations such as “Jim Crow Laws”, that claimed to provide “separate but equal” facilities, only helped to segregate minorities and treat them as second class citizens. In response to such suppressive inequalities, the United States decided to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964, outlawing major

Human Trafficking is the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons by means of threat or use of force through deception of debts and or payments of a “real job”. The recruiters or agents come from all types of organizations such as the mafia as well as small and large crime organizations. Statistics and research prove that trafficking of humans is on the rise in the United States. “According to a U.S State Department study, some 14,500 to 17,500 people are trafficked into the United States from overseas and enslaved each year.” (Bales & Soodalter, 2009, p.31) Although Human Trafficking will never be stopped, there are measures that can be taken against it. The key is awareness. “244,000- Number of American children and youth estimated to be at risk of child sexual exploitation, including commercial sexual exploitation, in 2000.” (Human Trafficking Statistics, n.d, p. 3) Take note that this was in 2000. Think about how much these numbers have probably increased since the year 2000. “Assuming a 3.5 percent growth rate for the next five years, there would be 1.48 million sex slaves at the end of 2012.” (Kara, 2009, p.37). Human trafficking also continues to rise because the profits out way the risk of being caught. The National Human Trafficking Resource Center (2007-2012) stated that the profits of human trafficking are estimated at $9.5 billion by the U.S. State Department and $31.7 billion by the

Human trafficking is a serious global issue that needs the awareness and attention of the world. The United Nations Office for Drugs and Crimes identifies human trafficking as “an act of recruiting, transporting, transferring, harboring, or receiving a person through a use of force, coercion, or other means, for the purpose of exploiting them” (UNODC). According to the book Trafficking in People by the policy analysts Clare Ribando Seelke and Alison Siskin, this exploitation can include forced prostitution, ”forced labor and services, slavery, servitude, or the removal of organs” (Ribando Seelke and Siskin 4). Human Trafficking is a violation against fundamental human rights. But even 63 years after the United Nations Universal Declaration

Human Trafficking is one of the many horrors that occur across the world that is not spoken about enough in society. Human trafficking can include organ trafficking, prostitution, child pornography, forced labor, debt bondage, child labor and child soldiers. In all cases of human trafficking, human beings are controlled and exposed for profit the most common type of profit being money. People who are victims of human trafficking can be found working in a myriad of places such as massage parlors, sweatshops, brothels, fields, online escort services, and even in private homes. This horrific crime occurs all over the world. Many people never know that this is highly prevalent in the United States as well. Traffickers often have a separate language that they use when discussing their “business”. For example, some words can include bottom, cathouse, daddy, circuit, branding, pimp, trap queen, seasoning, john, madam, queen pin, stroll and trick.