Humans Are the Result of Their Surroundings

between people was determined primarily through who controlled the mode of economic production i.e. land or

In Genesis the word of God leads humanity in the direction of self preservation, urging them to procreate, to ”Be fruitful and multiply” (Genesis 9:1), and to minimize hostility and violence among people. As Freud asserted, “Besides the instinct to preserve living substance and join it into ever larger units, there must exist another, contrary instinct seeking to dissolve those units and bring them back to their primeval, inorganic state” (Freud 77). Genesis exemplifies the struggle between the two opposing human instincts, with God acting as a moderator between them. Forms of justice are put into place in an attempt to control these drives, one example being the proclamation that “Whoever sheds the blood of a human, by a human shall that person’s blood be shed” (Genesis 9:6). The ethics and laws that develop throughout Genesis seek to “prevent the crudest excesses of brutal violence” but are unable to control “the more cautious and refined manifestations of human aggressiveness” (Freud 70). Since they cannot be completely eradicated, the scriptures instead play into the more negative aspects of human nature, especially narcissism, and manipulate them into a force for conservation rather than annihilation.

Human beings are part of the animal kingdom, and therefore part of nature. If that is true, then everything they create or destroy is by default "natural". I agree with the statement.

As such, the individual learns that his work benefits society, which will in turn benefit him. Furthermore, as society becomes more specialized, more opportunities are open to the individual because he no longer has to rely purely on the product of his labor for sustenance. Durkheim describes this development as the entire sphere of consciousness expanding. As such, the domains for individualism within society have correspondingly expanded as well, “individualism has expanded in absolute value by penetrating into regions which were originally closed to it” (85). Durkheim makes this claim in spite of what Marx describes as the individual being enslaved to a field. He claims that although there are many more conscriptions on the individual, the overall sphere in which the individual can act is so much larger that overall there is actually an increased level of freedom.

There are many arguments that have generated from the assumption that, “human being is a product of his environment” likewise; nothing they say happen by chance, whatever a man does or say must have being thought about beforehand. It not unconscious, the theory made use of conflictual statement for instance, every behavior and feeling is deeply rooted in the unconscious mind, which means, what one does, is not being aware or no preplan, also, childhood experiences are also affects a person’s behavior and feeling. All the experiences a man has right from childhood age influences the character, personality of a person. It is widely argued that all behavior has a cause, whether conscious or unconscious action has being preconceived or determined. As long as nothing is new, whatever happens to a man has being happening in the past, the same scenarios applicable to attitude.

Individuals will remain enslaved so long as the bourgeoisie is in control. In a capitalist society, money enslaves man, and therefore man loses all character. Marx feels that, “Man becomes increasingly poor as a man; he has increasing need of money in order to take possession of the hostile being.”2 Because of the almighty dollar, individual character was lost and money was the only object that could fulfill personal greed. On the other hand, according to Marx and Engels’ theory of Communism, an individual will be able to remain a man because they will not be working for their own self-interests, rather each individual will be “converted into employees of the community, who would be […] rewarded according to their own performance.”3 Because all people would be employees of the community, they would no longer be able to further their own wealth through private enterprise. The state would then pay these employees according to their performance value of their occupation. By serving the community, corruption and greed will no longer run the lives of so many and individuals will be able to establish their own identity.

The philosophy of Karl Marx begins with the belief that humans are inherently cooperative with common characteristics and shared ends. To human beings, life is considered an object and therefore, humans make their “life-activity itself the object of his will and of his consciousness” (Tucker 76). In other words, humans are able to think, imagine, and “produce even when he is free from physical need and only truly produces in freedom therefrom” (p. 76). It exemplifies that idea that humans not only have the capability to create things for survival but express themselves in what they produce, within the standards of the human race or universally. When capitalist wage-labor enters the picture, it forces these shared ends and the freedom of expression in human production to cease, causing a rise of competitiveness among

Karl Marx came up later with a theory of a classless society to help the working class fight back. Marx came up with many radical ideas to change the way society was proceeding socially which, caused him to be banished from his native land in Germany and then from France, eventually he ended up in England. (Compton's Encyclopedia, 121) Karl Marx believed that social conflict was needed for society to function. He showed people not to be scared of conflict but rather to except it as a way of life. Karl Marx believes that people have a "class consciousness" which means that people are aware of differences between one another and that it causes a separation between groups of people. People mostly look at material objects for a sense of class status. If you are wealthy in life then you have many material objects and if you are poor then you have very little. People need to be educated in order to move up in society, which is why the working class people rarely have a chance to be very successful. Karl Marx realized that the working class deserved more then they were receiving and he tried to help the situation. Marx wanted the wealthy people and the poor to become more economically equal in status. Karl Marx also discusses the economic issues that the working class faces with change. With capitalism growing there is a greater need for production in the factories. More products need to be produced and at

Consciousness refers to the human ideas, views and conceptions. Therefore false consciousness means misunderstood or misinterpreted ideas, views or conceptions. In capitalism, both capitalists and workers have incorrect assessments of how the system works and of their role and interest in it; this in itself is false

From the very beginning of human civilization, the driving force behind humanity’s ostensibly incomparable will to not only survive, but to thrive, is based upon one factor: human nature. But what is human nature? According to Karl Marx, human nature is the consistent dependency humans have on one another rather than the popular capitalist belief that the unyielding desire for wealth and material goods is what motivates humans; however, true human nature lies somewhere in-between.

Marx examines human beings from the perspective of social practices and social relationships. In his view, human nature incorporates both natural attributes and social attributes, and human characters are not solely shaped by natural attributes but are shaped by the unity of individuals and social activities, which refers to the effect of the interrelationships between human themselves and social activities.

Though Marx views the communist revolution as an unavoidable outcome of capitalism, his theory stipulates that the proletariat must first develop class consciousness, or an understanding of its place within the economic superstructure. If this universal character of the proletariat does not take shape, then the revolution cannot be accomplished (1846: 192). This necessary condition does not pose a problem within Marx’s theoretical framework, as the formation of class consciousness is inevitable in Marx’s model of society. His writings focus on the idea that economic production determines the social and political structure (1846, 1859). For Marx, social class represents a person’s relation to the means of production, a relation that he believes is independent of

In Marxism it is believed that a person's thoughts, behaviors and relationships with others are all influenced by the individual’s social class and economic

There are many arguments that have generated from the assumption that, human being is a product of his environment likewise; (McLeod, 2013), “nothing they say happen by chance, whatever a man does or say must have being thought about beforehand”. It is not unconscious, the theory made use of conflictual statement for instance, every behavior and feeling is deeply rooted in the unconscious mind, which means, what one does, is not being aware or not preplan, also, childhood experiences are also affects a person’s behavior and feeling. All the experiences a man has right from childhood age influence the character or personality of a person. It is widely argued that all behavior has a cause, whether conscious or unconscious action has being preconceived or determined. As long as nothing is new, whatever happens to a man has being happening in the past, the same scenarios applicable to attitude. Little information or experience exposed to right from childhood age does make impact on the later development of a person.

Human societies have been class based in some way and the class factor has been the most basic dividing or differentiating factor between broad social groups. In the economic sphere that Marx’s theory focuses on, there is a class that own and control means of economic production which could be referred to as the upper class, and there is the class that maybe own nothing, but their ability to sell their labor power in return for wages which could be referred to as the middle or low class. From that understanding, and based on the conflict theory, one might argue that unequal distribution of resources and access