Hydatidosis

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We read with great interest a case report by Tosya et al. on isolated hydatidosis involving the ascending aorta [1]. Cystic hydatid disease still represents a neglected disease despite being highly endemic in a myriad of livestock-raising regions worldwide, and this case presentation makes evident how diverse the localization and clinical manifestations of this infection can be. With this comment, our aim is to extend the discussion by highlighting several important issues. The described patient

Changes in Biodiversity Another potential variable that enormously improves the rise of new pathogens is the multiplication of new strains of the pathogens. Diverse strains of parasites act distinctively including their affectability to medications and this is the reason the medication safe strains of Plasmodium has prompted to the spread and increment pervasiveness of intestinal sickness. Various parasites have created distinctive strains with different possibilities including those that can make

From clownfish and sea anemone, to barnacles and whales, to mosquitos and mammals, organisms are constantly exhibiting symbiosis. Simply put, symbiosis can be described as a close and typically long-term relationship between two different biological organisms involving physical and/or biochemical contact. Some symbiotic interactions may be facultative, or optional, while other interactions may be obligate, or essential to the survival of both organisms (Yukalov et al., 2012). The main types of symbiotic