Essay on Hydrophobic property of Carbon Nanotubes

Nano-composite plastics and carbon nanotubes have been utilized for industrial and consumer packaging, the later offering an improved packaging solution for electronics components by making the materials used lighter and stronger. Nano-porous silica is a high porous, low-density solid material that supports various temperatures making it a great insulation product that can be applied in a wide range of fields from pipe insulation to refrigerators and even microelectronics. Nanoparticle based colloids are employed in the manufacturing of sunscreens, paints, and printer inks and nano-coatings can be applied in order to obtain scratch resistant surfaces. Composite nano-materials can be considered the basis for all the other current and future commercial applications of nanotechnology.

Corrosion deteriorates manufactured products by damaging their structure through redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions until it is rendered useless. Redox reactions involve

Carbon fiber in all aspects is a material consisting of thin fibers of nearly pure carbon made by subjecting various organic raw materials to high temperatures, combined with asynthetic resins to produce a strong, lightweight material use in construction of aircraft and spacecraft (dictionary 2016). This composite material dates back to the 1950s where the tensile strength of carbon fiber was discovered and put into work. 50 years later carbon fiber is still well used and in great demand as the benefits of it proved to be great for the race car industry. The purpose of this project is to examine the mechanical properties of carbon fiber, and the benefits that it provides to the race car industry as well as predicting what other applications will occur in the

This phenomenon is a result of the separation of carbon from the metal carbide, which occurs at a high rate upon cooling, in Ni grains and occurs heterogeneously at the various grain boundaries. Thus, carbon can precipitate out of the grain boundaries, resulting in greater thickness of graphene at the edges of a layer. However, extremely high quality uniform monolayers of graphene have been deposited using polycrystalline copper foils, on diameters of up to 76 cm2,10. Raman analysis shows that copper foils treated at atmospheric pressure, show up to 95% monolayer coverage, with 5% bi-layer or tri-layer graphene10. These values are not related to the growth time or the rate of heating and cooling. In addition, copper foils are relatively cost-efficient and are etched simply with solvents that are readily available. Chemically etching the transition metal is the best method to transfer graphene deposited on the substrate, resulting in free floating graphene membranes.

The infinitesimal molecular structure of carbon 60 has provided a revolutionary solution for flight efficiency and advancement today. Through the use of an experimental material derived from carbon nanotube technology some of flights oldest conjectures will be solved. Manifested in the form of paper like sheets, these carbon molecules have been transformed into a material better known as

Design technicians and engineers love to use carbon fibre in manufacturing as it has many desirable properties. First of all is its strength. Carbon fibre is five times stronger than steel and is twice as stiff [2]. The strands of carbon are lined up parallel to each other when producing a sheet. For maximum results in strength, the fibres must be parallel with the forces that will act upon that element, this is to make sure it can withstand the forces going through the object when in use.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) take the form of cylindrical carbon molecules and have untapped properties that make them potentially useful in a wide variety of applications in nanotechnology, electronics, optics, and other fields of materials science. They exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties, apart from being efficient conductors of heat. Inorganic nanotubes have also been synthesized, by researchers intrigued by this particular field.

A "composite" is when two or more different materials are combined together to create a material which is superior and unique and holding different properties than earlier. Light weight high strength materials are essential in fabrication of aerospace structures like airframes, rocket motor casings, nozzles and wings. The composites are the materials formed by embedding fibers in the plastic that add characteristics like high resistance to fatigue, anticorrosive, high tensile strength or stiffness with weight savings up to 25-45% compare with conventional metallic designs. Composites possess greater reliability, which are capable to meet the design requirements, easier to achieve smooth aerodynamic profiles against drag reduction and high resistance to impact damage.

Conductive polymers are a specific section under the broad range of polymers, that have the ability to effectively conduct electricity. They were discovered by accident in a lab by Hideki Shirakawa in 1974, yet their potential applications were not understood until early 2000s. They are made by doping with n-type and p-type which forces electrons to move throughout the material which normally would not happen because of a polymer molecular structure. They provide many advantages over metals because of they are light weight, cheap, and functional versatile. Conductive polymers are frequently used with rechargeable batteries, sensors, and light displays. Lastly, they have a bright future with the world turning towards wanting more technology that is light weight and integrated in the day-to-day functions.

Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical in shape and, made up of carbon atoms that have extraordinary properties. “At a singular level,

The positive electrode is a composite of MnO2 nanoparticles inside multi-walled carbon nanotubes. This aims to reduce toxicity and minimise capacitance loss with power transmitted by stable and reversible Faradaic reaction.

Applications, such as for the transparent conductive electrode, and many other possible applications. Measuring micromechanically peeling layer graphene has been experimentally studied for over 40 years, and transport properties of graphene, the growth in [16among many other potential applications. Graphene is experimental study for over 40 years, and the transport properties of the release layer was measured micromechanically graphene grown in a growth in the copper (Cu) largearea graphene substrate, and a variety of chemical modifi version involves the use of graphene (CMG ), so that the new material,] there are some leads to surge in the number of publications and number, for example, funded by the National Science Foundation recently awarded the United States.

Graphene is a hexagonal two-dimensional (2D) monolayer of honeycomb lattice packed carbon structure that was discovered and successfully isolated from bulk graphite just a few years ago [1]. It is continuously receiving attention from the research community due to its outstanding mechanical, thermal and electrical properties [2]. Due to its fascinating properties, graphene is emerging as a potential candidate material for enormous nano-technological applications such as memory devices [3], nano-sensors [4], nano-actuators [5], field effect transistors (FFT) [3], gigahertz oscillators [6], energy production and storage [7], clean energy devices [3] and room temperature humidity sensing applications [8] etc. In addition to these applications, graphene also attracts prodigious attention as strengthening element in polymer based composites because it was reported to be the strongest material with outstanding elastic properties and high intrinsic strength [9-13]. Apparently, the important of these features depends on the structural perfection of the hexagonal graphene lattice and strong in-plane sp2 bond between carbon atoms. Characterization of the mechanical properties of graphene is essential both from a technological perspective for its reliable applications and from a fundamental interest to understanding its deformation physics [14-16]. In material science, fracture toughness is a property that describes the ability of a material containing a crack to resist fracture, and

Due to outstanding properties, graphene got more attention by the scientific community; all its exceptional properties are owing to hexagonal monolayer of honeycomb lattice packed with carbon atoms. The mechanical properties of graphene have been investigated using various experimental, theoretical and computational approaches. By experimental based work, Lee et al. [1] estimated the mechanical properties of graphene such as Young’s modulus of about 1.0 ± 0.1 TPa and fracture strength of 130 ± 10 GPa. Frank et al. [2] estimated Young’s modulus of 0.5 TPa for 2 to 8nm thickness of graphene sheets. Zhang et al. [3] measured Young’s modulus of 0.89 TPa for single layer graphene sheet. Besides experimental work, numerous theoretical and computational studies have been carried out to investigate mechanical properties of graphene. By orthogonal tight-binding method Zhao et al. [4] estimated Young’s modulus of 1.01 ± 0.03 and fracture strength and strain of 107 GPa and 0.20 in zigzag direction and 90 GPa and 0.13 in armchair direction respectively. By Ab initio calculation Liu et al. [5] estimated young’s modulus of 1.05 TPa and also estimated uniaxial tensile stress of 121

For acknowledgeable, a hybrid composite material is a combination of “hybrid” and “composite”. The meaning of “hybrid” in hybrid composite material itself is the hybridization in macroscopic structure in the metallographic scale. Researchers found that there are three new categories of hybridization of materials, that is, hybrid materials. The categorizations of hybrid materials are structurally-hybridized materials, materials hybridized in chemical-bond, and functionally-hybridized materials. The composite wings require more advanced treatment that must be based on a new methodology which handles the modelling complexity arising mainly from the fibrous nature of anisotropic composites. The most popular hybrid composite is carbon-Kevlar hybrid composite and this is because hybridization of carbon fibre-reinforced composites with Kevlar fibre results in a significant positive hybrid