Hypertension : High Blood Pressure Essay

1.  Blood pressure is the force of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries. The pressure of blood in the arteries correlates directly to the amount of blood pumped by the heart and the amount of resistance in the

The concern on whether anti-hypertensive’s should be withheld in patients who are hypertensive has been debatable in the recent past. Generally, the treatment of hypertension among hospitalized patients is basically an opportunity to enhance the recognition and treatment of blood pressure (Axon, Nietert & Egan, 2011, p.246). This is mainly because hypertension is a basic risk factor for heart diseases, stroke, and death whose impact is widespread to nearly 70 million adults in America. There have been numerous educational initiatives and publication of treatment processes to address this condition in the past few decades. Despite these measures, nearly 39 million Americans are at risk of hypertension because they have not reached their desired or optimal blood pressure.

Stress has been linked to hypertension, heart attacks, diabetes, asthma, chronic pain, allegeries, headaches, skin disorders, cancer, immune system weakness and decrease blood count (Cummings et al, 2005). It has also been linked to an increase risk of alcoholism and drug use. High levels of stress can lead to higher absenteeism, larger staff turnover and low productivity. The symptoms are evident in the quantitative data, with an

Lastly, blood pressure is associated with ones diet and lifestyle. It is amazing when one’s diet consist of a high intake of salt they will shows signs of hypertension. Studies have shown that people who did not use salt shown no signs of hypertension. Monitoring the intake of salt will improve blood pressure readings drastically although; it is not the only contributor to high blood pressure. Increasing activity levels has also been known the lower blood pressure readings.

Further potential triggers associated with the increase in hypertension include: chronic stress, sedentary behavior, elevated sodium intake, and alcohol consumption, among others (Blais, 2014).

The effect of stress on short term blood pressure can be dramatic, leading to mean arterial pressure increases of 30%-40%. These changes are short lived, though, with heart rate, blood vessel diameter, and blood pressure returning to normal as the hormones are eliminated.

American seems to be caught in the trendy lifestyle of fast food, soda and stress.

Because dizziness is a common side effect of high blood pressure medications, it is often thought of as part of the high blood pressure symptoms group. In fact, it is not. What it is, though, is a warning sign for a stroke, something which high blood pressure is a leading cause

Assessments included collection of demographic information, such as age, gender, race, SES/household income, and family history of hypertension, as well as a battery of widely-used self-report measures of stress-related psychological symptoms. Self-report measures included of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), the Brooding subscale of the Response Style Questionnaire (RSQ), the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), the Enriched Social Support Instrument, Perceived Stress Scale, the

Anxiety, or stress, is linked to temporary increases in blood pressure, but not to chronic high blood pressure. This is true even in patients who suffer from chronic anxiety disorder.

Stress is an issue affecting the daily lives of individuals, and has a number of different definitions and meanings. It can be defined as a physical reaction to aggressors that have the ability to disrupt an individual’s homeostasis (Franco, Barros, Nogueira, & Michel, 2003). It can also be described as the physiological, behavioural and psychological responses of an individual attempting to adapt to internal and external pressures (Franco et al., 2003). The concept of stress is very broad, and can refer to the cause, the stressor, as well as a response to the stressor (Dimsdale, 2008). The effect of stress and its impact on cardiovascular diseases is continually being studied in order to understand the causal link. Many studies have looked at both the genetic influences and the environmental factors behind stress and cardiovascular diseases, while others examine the personality types of individuals involved (Franco et al., 2003; Rose, 2006; Koolhaas, 1999). Genetic factors of stress investigate the intrinsic factors involved, such as heritability and predispositions (Rose, 2006). Environmental aspects include the pressures caused by occupational, marital, and lifestyle factors (Franco et al., 2003; Seibt et al., 1998). The differing personality types of individuals, including hostile dispositions as well as Type A personality, also have an effect of stress, which research shows contributes to poor cardiovascular health (Schwartz et al., 2003). By discussing the

Hypertension is defined in many different ways but in general is accepted to be an elevation of systolic blood pressure (when the heart contracts) above 140 mmHg and elevation of diastolic blood pressure (when the heart rests between beats) above 90 mmHg 4. It is important to note however that our blood pressures change very significantly from one moment to the next. For example, when a person is lying flat in bed, their blood pressure can be 110/60 mmHg with heart rate of 58. But then when a person jumps up and runs around the house their blood pressure goes up to about 140/70 mmHg with a heart rate of 110. Similarly other stresses like cold or pain or anxiety or mental stress can also raise blood pressure and heart rate transiently 14. Conversely,

Stress highly contributes to hypertension. There are many things that cause stress, which leads to the question: what factors of stress are associated with hypertension? The impact of stress is so prominent in hypertension that ultimately any situation in your life that seems troublesome or conflicting can relate to hypertension and worsen the condition. Although it is not scientifically proven, stress, in my opinion, is the root of

Stress is considered as the state of mental tension that is caused by certain problems in the person’s life, bringing strong feelings of anxiety and worry. Stress management involves a number of techniques, methods and psychotherapies that are focused to control a person’s level of stress. They also aim to work on chronic stress in order to improve health and daily functioning. It should be mentioned that stress-induced hypertension, causes high blood pressure, which is closely connected to emotional or physical stress. High blood pressure and chronic stress may bring a lot of health problems and complications. “According to National Center for Health Statistics and U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 32.5% of adults experience hypertension today, nowadays high blood pressure appears to be the striking cause of death for more than one thousand deaths each day” (2015).

Approximately one in every three adult’s ages 20 years old and older are diagnosed with high blood pressure or hypertension. Hypertension affects 78 million people in the United States and is equally prevalent in both men and woman (Crabtree et al., 2013). Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Hajjar & Kotchen, 2003). It can lead to stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, heart failure, neurological issues, and death if not detected early and not treated properly (James, Oparil, Carter, & et al., 2014). Approximately 9.4 million deaths in 2010 were attributed to high blood pressure (Angell, De Cock, & Frieden, 2015). About 54% of strokes, 47% of coronary heart disease, and 25 % of other cardiovascular diseases are attributed to high blood pressure (Arima, Barzi, & Chalmers, 2011).