Hypothesized Attachment Theory

EFT is an attachment based research theory, that suggest that couples have strong need to stay connected (bond) to each other. As such, bonding is very important in marital relationships and if the bond is disappearing, then stressful and negative cycle pattern begins to emerge. Thus, the goal of EFT is to support couples walk through a process of healing (overcoming the negative patterns, rebuilding the connection again, and fortify the bond) (Goldenberg, Stanton, & Goldenberg, 2017). From the assessment that has carried out by the therapist it is clear that Tam and Lisa do not have what it takes to manage or settle conflicts without it escalating into something else. As such, the bonding between them is disappearing and it’s becoming stressful and disturbing to them and their children. Because Jimmy and Emma even though do not see their parent fight or disagree in the open but they can sense the disconnection between their parent and feel the tension whenever both of them where at home. More so, because of the negative pattern that has emerge as a result of lack of secure attachment, there is no more interactions between the couple and each others needs are not met. From the case conceptualization, and to decide what treatment plan should target or focus on the therapist will use the step-by-step treatment manual provided by Johnson and Greenberg (1995) as cited in (Goldenberg et al., 2017) for the therapy process:

To begin with attachment theory, first everyone should understand what the attachment is. According to attachment means bonding between a child and caregiver or vice versa. The attachment theory is the theory that describes the long term interpersonal relationship between the humans. Also, it can be defined as the strong bond between parent and child, and later in peer and romantic relationship (Metzger, Erdman, Ng 85). It generates a specific fact that how the humans react in relationships when they get hurt, separated from loved ones and perceiving a threat. Basically the two main types of attachment are secure and insecure. Secure attachment is the attachments where mother and father are available for their child and during that time child demonstrates his or her stress and reestablish the connection (Metzger, Erdman, Ng 87). Insecure attachment is the attachment where parents are not regularly in touch with their children or they ignore their child which built a failed emotion communication (Metzger, Erdman, Ng 87). Also, it may be repeated from one generation to another until it is not recovered. However, as a result of attachment theory, it is so important for children to know about it and there are also several emotional effects on children when their parents leave to go to another county due to their connections or bond between them.

Despite all the benefits of the three theories, they do have some limitations when addressing Andrew’s needs. For instance, attachment theory puts too much emphasis on the relationship between the mother and the chid, which unfortunately result in blame being put on the female caregiver (Coady & Lehmann, 2008). In Andrew’s case, the counsellor may focus too much on the relationship he had with his mother instead of also focusing on what kind of relationship he had with his father. One of the limitations for cognitive-behavioural theory regarding to treatment is that it may not be appropriate for clients with severe depressions or other sever problems (Coady & Lehmann, 2008). For Andrew’s case, if he was still taking his medications, he may

The Extent to Which Psychological Theories Have Been Successful in Explaining Attachments There are various psychological theories to regard as which have been successful in explaining attachments and I will be explaining the majority of them. Sigmund Freud developed a theory of personality - an explanation of how each individual's personality develops. This theory can be used to explain many aspects of behaviour, including attachment. Feud proposed that attachment grows out of the feeding relationship. In essence Freud claimed that infants are born with an innate drive to seek pleasure.

This essay will firstly explain the different stage that is associated with development of young people socially in the early years of their life, with examples of Schaffer and Emerson’s theory of stages of attachment. Next the essay will evaluate the theories of attachment between a child and their parents/guardians, evaluating Bowlby’s theory of attachment, and using examples from Freud’s ‘cupboard love theories’ and behavioural and psychoanalytic perspectives in comparison to Bowlby. Next it will look at any contributing factors that make a difference to individuals during attachment and looking at way fear and anxiety play a part during separation for children from their primary carer. After which the essay will respond to Bowlby’s

Attachment theory was advanced in 1951 by British psychoanalyst and psychiatrist John Bowlby. According to this theory infants have an inborn need to be close to their main caretaker. If the attachment is deprived from an infant Bowlby argued that the infant could suffer from negative impacts on their development. This could possibly imply that children places in early daycare will later in life suffer consequences for this.

Attachment theory was created by John Bowlby in the late 1930’s (McLeod, 2009). He came up with this theory when he was working with children in London at a psychiatric clinic (McLeod, 2009). The children he was working with were emotionally disturbed and needed much help (McLeod, 2009). It was this experience that led Bowlby to consider the importance of the relationship between the child and the parent (emotionally and cognitively) (McLeod, 2009). More specifically, he was able to theorize that there might be a link between early infant separations with the mother and later maladjustment, which would lead Bowlby to create his attachment theory (McLeod, 2009).

issues as they relate to this theory. The concepts of separation and loss will be used. As well as the concept secure base and safe haven.

All of this evidence suggests that parasocial relationships are comparable, if not exactly equivalent, to an individual’s real-life relationships. Consequently, one can see important implications for attachment theory, which describes characteristic patterns of interpersonal attachment among individuals. According to attachment theory, an individual’s interactions with others are influenced by the childhood relationship with his or her primary caregiver (Bowlby, 1969, 1973, 1980; Hazan & Shaver, 1987). Over time, these early experiences and interactions form “working models” of attachment, or cognitive representations of self and others, that revolve around the regulation and fulfillment of the infant’s needs. The end result is a characteristic

An attachment is an emotional bond formed between a parent and a child. An attachment is common between a mother and a child. Strange anxiety is when a child tends to fear when they see an unfamiliar person. However, the primary attachment figure is usually mother for a child. A child uses a secure base, usually a primary attachment figure when exploring around. One of the researchers named Ainsworth has created a procedure to propose attachment behavior. Key behaviors observed by researchers in each attachment are the child’s exploration of toys, and the reaction of a child when the caregiver leaves and returns to the room. There are four types of attachments that researchers have agreed on. The first one is a secure attachment that involves

Humans are social beings by nature; from the day one is born, an immense amount of time must be dedicated to the individual in order for them to develop properly and to their maximum potential. Without this interaction with others, the child will become stagnant in their progress and fail to grow both mentally and physically. Because of its importance, infants and children have been hardwired to attach to their mothers and/or caregivers in order to fulfill this basic need. This instinctual need for attention and security was originally studied by John Bowlby in his creation of the “Attachment Theory”.

This study was conducted to use concepts from attachment theory, and social support theory, to contribute to our understanding of the human–companion animal bond. “Measure Pets as Sources of Social Support and Attachment Figures”, This study uses Attachment Theory, Social Support Theory, and the concept of the hierarchical nature of attachment relationships to further understand and measure human–animal attachment. (Meehan, Massavelli & Pachana, 2017). In one of the studies discussed in the article, the purpose of one experiment was to use the Attachment Scale to determine the level of attachment the owners feel to their animals. Researchers believed participants who appeared to be lonelier or didn’t have enough social support would be more

As a child Jackie needed her father as much as he needed her mother. So with this being state both parents contributed to her separation and loss. After the father stopped drinking and returned to their lives it still left a negative impact on Jackie. Because in a way both parents were unstable, so she did not know how to deal with their adjustments. With them having so many issues she could never really trust them.

Other than stability, Attachment theory is also able to provide opposition towards the more psychosocial view of lifespan development, specifically in terms of historical embeddedness as well as context (Baltes, 1987; Bretherton, 1992; Egeland & Erickson, 2004). Historical embeddedness refers to the way in which one’s historic background influences their development (Baltes, 1987). In contrast, attachment theory’s Minnesota longitudinal study proves that despite one’s background, it is the current care an infant receives that will determine their course of secure development (Egeland & Erickson, 2004). Hence, this is a strength of attachment theory as this means that with the correct interventional support, mothers of low-economic circumstances

Teenagers don’t just wake up one morning at the age of sixteen or so with either a true or false sense of self. Their sense of self has been continuously evolving (24 - 7 – 365 – including public holidays) since birth.