Unit2 Assignment2 Vulnerability of a Cryptosystem The vulnerability that has been discovered has a primary affect to a cryptosystem and a secondary affect to a cryptosystem. The vulnerability in question is a weakness in the MD5 algorithm that would allow for collisions in output. As a result, attackers can generate cryptographic tokens or other data that illegitimately appear to be authentic. Now the secondary affect is that the MD5 hashes may allow for certificate spoofing on a Cisco ASA system. If an attacker was able to exploit this weakness on the University's cryptosystem, the said attacker could construct forged data in a variety of forms that will cause software using the MD5 algorithm to incorrectly identify it as …show more content…
Users of systems with the OpenSSL command line utility can view certificate properties using "openssl x509 -text" or a similar utility. Certificates listed as md5RSA or similar are affected. Such certificates that include strange or suspicious fields or other anomalies may be fraudulent since there are no reliable signs of tampering it must be noted that this workaround is error-prone and impractical for most users. For the secondary affect, Cisco announced that the hashing algorithm used in the digital certificates on the Cisco ASA cannot be changed; however, the ASA is unlikely to be affected by the attacks described in this research due to the way certificates are generated on the device. Also the Cisco IOS CA may be vulnerable to the attack described in this research when configured to utilize MD5 hashes in endpoint certificates, this is by default. The research that Cisco has mentioned for the weakness/vulnerability can be found here: http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/viewAlert.x?alertId=17341, listed below are (2) fixes that Cisco will be releasing for the Cisco ASA and the Cisco IOS CA. While Cisco does recognize the weakness/vulnerability in the MD5 algorithm, it plans to alter the signature algorithm used in digital certificates and modify the methods utilized in creation of CA and endpoint certificates. They will address this in Cisco Bug ID: CSCsw88068. For the Cisco IOS CA, it has been announced that the device can be reconfigured to utilize a more
In this modern day and age of computing, networks are a huge part of IT. It is important now more than ever that data sent over any network, whether it be a LAN (Local Area Network) or WAN (Wide Area Network; The Internet) is kept safe, private (when required) and uninterrupted in
Vulnerability 2: Broken Authentication and Session Management: User authentication credentials, session Id’s are not protected when stored by using hashing or encryption techniques.
Pass-the-Hash – to steal and reuse password hash values, which can be used directly as an authenticator to access services on behalf of the user through single sign-on (SSO) authentication
The project will be a multi-year phased approach to have all sites (except JV and SA) on the same hardware and software platforms.
In 15 October, 2014 this attack was identified by Google security team under the vulnerability CVE-2014-3566 in SSLv3 protocol. In this POODLE attack the bug has been found that exploited the intercept data that is supposed to be encrypted between system and the server. According to the researchers who found the bud, an attacker/Hacker interferes between the computer and the server with the handshake process. This handshake process is used to verify which cryptography protocol the server can accept using a “protocol downgrade dance”. By doing this the computers are forced to use the older SSL 3.0 protocol to protect data that is being sent. Hackers can then easily exploit the bug by carrying out a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack to decrypt secure HTTP cookies, which could let them steal information or take control of the victim’s online accounts. The information to test websites weather they are affected with POODLE was given by the
IC3 also provides updates of new threats that are present on the internet, Trojan horses and phishing scams that are intended for stealing personal information from your computers.
9. No, this record does not contain a certificate, and the certificate is included in a separate record. The certificate does fit into a single Ethernet frame.
Exercise Lab 1. How much does temperature vary in large and small aquatic environments? Lab 2. What determines the water clarity of lakes, rivers and oceans? Lab 3. Where does the phosphorus go? Lab 4. How does human activity in watersheds affect the quality of lakes and rivers? Lab 5. Are the Great Lakes being influenced by the global greenhouse effect? Lab 6. How is the flow of the Red Cedar River influenced by the weather? Lab 7. What is the relationship between flow and turbidity in the Red Cedar River? Page 2 4 6 8 12 15 18
Proof. This attack is a type of replay attack in which the sent data does not belong to the current run of protocol, but they are achieved by the previous runs. This type of attack is usually occurred for communication protocols in which liveness of principals is absent. As message m=N_SA∥N_SB∥SA∥T_1 is consisted of the message sender identity and the nonce of the receiver and encrypted by the public key of BS, interleaving attack prevented. Even the attacker causes that SA performs other instances of protocol, the attacker won’t be able to apply replay messages belonging to previous instances of protocol, because this message is consisted of N_SA , the identity of SA, and the
TECHNICAL IMPACTS: SEVERE. The severity of this attack is based on the authentication solution unable to detect the user performing an action request. Log audit won’t be available to authentication solution and solution won’t be able to prevent future attacks.
For vulnerability MS-091, if all versions of the .NET libraries must be patched to completely remedy the issue, the developer obtained the older .NET versions that will be applied to the servers as needed. Patches for versions 3.5 and 4.0 were already applied.
The Network security aspects of our review are aligned with most of what was identified with the physical concerns. There are additionally items that identified that need to be addressed:
business issue and not just a technology issue. As seen by the attack, an IT security
Network security has changed significantly over the past years. There is more and more data to monitor and analyze in order to detect the activity of your data and systems. Securing a network has many variables. Password authentication, network access, patches, anti-virus protection, intrusion detection, firewall and network monitoring tools are just a few of the things you can do to protect yourself.
Kevin David Mitnick was born in Los Angeles on august 6, 1963 and he attended James Monroe high school in L.A. He was a hacker, phreaker and social engineer, who was the world’s most wanted computer criminal in 90’s, He was charged for many criminal activities forfraud and computer hacking into many top companies and stealing their confidential data. The Federal Bureau of Investigation, arrested Kevin Mitnick on February 15, 1995. He spent nearly five years in a federal prison for the charges. He is now a computer security consultant, author, and an ethical hacker, who started a computer security company called “Mitnick Security Consulting, LLC” and getting paid by the companies for ethical hacking.