Ice And Thermodynamics Lab

the ice in the calorimeter. Because ice takes up more volume per gram than liquid water, this

Hypothesis: If the sugar in the ice cubes will cause the ice cubes to melt quicker than the ones without it. Equipment:  1 tablespoon (20 g) White Sugar  280 ml of water (this needed to be divided in half for the different types of ice cubes, so 140 ml for each ice tray and 10 ml for each cube)  2 ice trays (with 14 cube slots)  Freezer  2 Plates  Measuring jug  Stopwatch 

3. Do you think sugar or salt will melt at a higher temperature? Explain your answer.

Something cool about keeping your ice cream to last longer from melting without a cooler will be to place it in a plastic container and put a thick towel around it. the towel will

Other substances that dissolve in water also lower the freezing point of the solution. The amount by which the freezing point is lowered depends only on the number of molecules dissolved, not on their chemical nature. This is an example of a colligative property. In this project, you'll investigate different substances to see how they affect the rate at which ice cubes melt. You'll test substances that dissolve in water (i.e., soluble substances), like salt and sugar, as well as substances that don't dissolve in water (i.e., insoluble substances), like sand and pepper. Which substances will speed up the melting of the ice?

The type of cold pack presented here contains ammonium nitrate, which is a white crystalline substance. When these crystals react with water they split into positive ammonium ions and negative nitrate ions. Due to the energy expended by the water in order to dissolve these crystals, the water becomes colder.

In my project, I will do an experiment to find out which material makes ice melt the fastest while the temperature of the room will remain the same. This research is important because if you are short on ice and you need it you can figure out which material will make your ice last the longest if you have no insulation. For example, if you were in the desert and had a cooler you would know what to put in your cooler to make your ice last the longest. I will be testing with three different materials: steel, wood, and fabric. My hypothesis is if the steel retains the ice's cold temperature then it will take the longest for the ice to melt. My goal is to help cooler companies improve their coolers by outlining them with whatever material helps

The first part of the lab began by one lab member adding 10.0 mL of DI water to a test tube while another lab member obtained a beaker full of ice and salt. After both these steps were complete the test tube was put in the beaker full of ice. Immediately following the test tube be being placed in the beaker, a temperature probe was inserted into the test tube. The initial temperature was recorded and after the temperature was recorded in 30 second increments. Once the water exhibited supercooling and then remained consistent at .1 °C for 3 readings it was determined that the water had froze and formed crystals. Evidence that crystals formed allowed for it to be confirmed that the water actually hit freezing point at .0

I started with controlling my experiment environment. It was in a still kitchen, with no appliances running to minimize humidity and control the room temperature. I then broke my ice cube tray and finding cubes that weight .10grams. I set up my timer for each station. I put three-.10gram ice cubes in a identical contained on top of the pre measured ½ teaspoon of sugar, salt and baking soda, then I hit start on the timer. When the timer hit 15 minutes I picked up each ice cube and put it on another dry identical dish. I then measured the melted liquid, followed by measuring the melted ice cube alone. I repeated this three times to get an average.

I chose this method to keep the two Ice cubes separated during the experiment, and to see the two individual results of adding salt, or adding nothing to the ice. Keeping the Ice cubes separate allows no error in collecting data on each individual subject. Adding salt to one will not interfere with data collected on the ice cube melting with no additives. Some studies were very similar, but most used many different substances to test how quickly Ice would melt. These included for instance Sugar, and Sand.

Road salts are salts that are applied on roadways that are covered in snow or ice for the purpose of de-icing and/or anti-icing of the road. There are quite a few different types ranging from sodium chloride (rock salt) to magnesium and calcium chloride. In anti-icing, they work by preventing bonding between the snow-ice and the road surface, and in de-icing the salt dissolves into the liquid water in the ice creating brine and lowers its freezing point (DOT). Brine is water saturated or almost saturated with salt. It has a lower freezing point than water. The brine loosens the ice or snow from the pavement so that the snow and ice is transformed into a slush to be plowed (DOT). This can be seen in the Figure 1 in the Appendix. (DOT). Since salt water still freezes at −18 °C (0 °F) (Sodium Chloride), it does not function properly when the

1846, ice cream started to develop and evolve. Just after this time, it quickly spread and the first hand-cranked ice cream freezer was invented in the US at this time.

Heat is a form of energy, sometimes called thermal energy, which can pass spontaneously from an object at a high temperature to an object at a lower temperature. If the two objects are in contact, they will, given sufficient time, both reach the same temperature. Heat always travels from hot to cold objects and two objects will reach an equilibrium temperature. Heat flow is commonly measured in a device called a calorimeter, an insulating container that minimizes heat exchange between its contents and the surrounding. Heat flow in a device called a calorimeter. In this experiment, we should find the heat capacity of the

The freezing point of a substance is when the substance turns from a liquid to a solid. The freezing point of a solvent can be decreased by adding a solute and making a solution, which is a freezing point depression. From knowing the temperature difference between a pure solvent and a mixture, it is possible to find the molar mass of the solute.

Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to observe the temperature of ice and water during the constant addition of heat. Also, to use logger pro probes and software to collect and analyze the data. Lastly, observe graphically the temperature data as the ice melts, water warms then boils.