Ice Cream Lab

Semira Nuru Ms. Nguyen English 1101 Research paper July 30, 2017 The history of ice cream Ice cream is the most popular dessert in the world. People from different places have their own myths about who invented the ice cream. It is hard to tell where or when exactly it was discovered because there is not a lot of evidence. Some people say the ancient Romans invented ice cream, others says that Marco Polo brought the discovery back to Italy from China. We most likely will never know who first discovered ice-cream or where but it is obvious that it has had a major impact on consumers worldwide. Our fascination with ice cream seems to just get stronger as technology improves. It is a part of almost all cultures in some way, which is not

Isaiah McConaga Janay Winston Mrs. Chan Honors Chemistry Background Research The topic is Chemistry of Making Ice-Cream: Lowering the Freezing Point of Water. In this experiment the scientist will be researching how to lower the freezing point of water using salt and/or sugar. The Independent Variable in this experiment is the solutes that the scientist uses which are, chemicals that dissolve in liquids. The Dependent Variable is the temperature/freezing points of the substances(°C). A constant is this experiment would be the use of salt and sugar and the control would be the pure water because it is important for determining the freezing point of the water in the experiment.

Other substances that dissolve in water also lower the freezing point of the solution. The amount by which the freezing point is lowered depends only on the number of molecules dissolved, not on their chemical nature. This is an example of a colligative property. In this project, you'll investigate different substances to see how they affect the rate at which ice cubes melt. You'll test substances that dissolve in water (i.e., soluble substances), like salt and sugar, as well as substances that don't dissolve in water (i.e., insoluble substances), like sand and pepper. Which substances will speed up the melting of the ice?

The first part of the lab began by one lab member adding 10.0 mL of DI water to a test tube while another lab member obtained a beaker full of ice and salt. After both these steps were complete the test tube was put in the beaker full of ice. Immediately following the test tube be being placed in the beaker, a temperature probe was inserted into the test tube. The initial temperature was recorded and after the temperature was recorded in 30 second increments. Once the water exhibited supercooling and then remained consistent at .1 °C for 3 readings it was determined that the water had froze and formed crystals. Evidence that crystals formed allowed for it to be confirmed that the water actually hit freezing point at .0

Salt: A World History written by Mark Kurlansky in 2002 is his fifth work of nonfiction. This novel explains the importance of salt, a mineral our bodies need, but cannot create; more than just an ordinary condiment, a substance of life. The book jacket identifies the book with the tagline:

First, I will start off my telling you a little bit of history behind ice cream and how it started. According to Dairy Goodness, Dairy Farmers of Canada..

| | | | | Ice Melting Experiment and Analysis | INT1 Natural Science Task 3 | Ice Melting Experiment and Analysis ------------------------------------------------- Objective The objective of this experiment is to test the melting point of ice against different variables. I will use a control of ice against air and test this next to ice in water, sugar on ice, salt on ice and Baking Soda on ice. By measuring the melting time of each element on an ice cube I will be able to tell which element affects ice’s melting properties at what rate.

In my project, I will do an experiment to find out which material makes ice melt the fastest while the temperature of the room will remain the same. This research is important because if you are short on ice and you need it you can figure out which material will make your ice last the longest if you have no insulation. For example, if you were in the desert and had a cooler you would know what to put in your cooler to make your ice last the longest. I will be testing with three different materials: steel, wood, and fabric. My hypothesis is if the steel retains the ice's cold temperature then it will take the longest for the ice to melt. My goal is to help cooler companies improve their coolers by outlining them with whatever material helps

Before we can look at the impact it has had, it should be discussed why these food items are important. Salt has become equated with commonality in the last century. This was not the case though for the millennia beforehand. As a necessary mineral to maintain life, salt has been hunted and searched for as long as time itself. Mark Kurlansky explained in his writing on the subject that, “whoever controlled salt was in power.” This statement has been proven correct time, and time again, when those who are attempting to attain sovereignty, often will begin with maintaining control over the salt.

Aman Sharma - Final Pecha Kucha 20X20 Presentation Script It is Canadian natural instinct to “salt” the driveway every winter after it snows. A good example would be last year’s ice storms, in which salt was sold out everywhere. But how does salt work? Is it detrimental to the environment? And

“Salt, A World History,” is an extensive aspect of world history by Earth’s one edible rock - salt. The book begins at the start of recorded history, and highlights humanity’s dependence on salt, up to roughly present day times. It focuses on the effect salt had on, and its contributions to, humankind. The book details how salt affected, economics, religion, science, and culinary practices all over the world.

Salt In Biblical Times. Salt appears in Scripture approximately 40 times! Mark 9:50 says, “salt is good; but if the salt becomes unsalty, with what will you make it salty again? Have salt in yourselves, and be at peace with one another.” You are the salt of the earth. Salt was

PURPOSE The purpose of this experiment is to become familiar with the separation of mixtures of solid and learn separation techniques based on the chemical properties of a substance. PROCEDURES 1. Separating out the Iron a. Use your digital scale to determine the mass of your weighing dish. b. Empty the entire mixture of solids from the plastic

Rock Salt is a sedimentary rock that forms from the evaporation of ocean or salt lake waters. It is also known by the mineral name Halite. The chemical name is sodium chloride. Most people have heard of the Dead Sea between Jordan and Israel. Rock Salt is forming there today. It can also be found at the Great Salt Lake of North America, you may be more familiar with Salt Lake City, Utah. This is a rare rock to find at the Earth’s surface. Rock Salt is often mined for and used to treat highways in winter and can be processed to use as seasoning for foods (Geology.com, 2016).

* . Introduction Endothermic reactions are accompanied by the absorption of heat. The dissolving of ammonium nitrate in water is an example of an endothermic reaction. The solution resulting from this mixture is colder than either the ammonium nitrate or the water. This is the simple explanation of what happens in an instant ice pack. The more detailed information will be discussed in the following paragraphs.