Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Case Study

The dangers and possible harmful effects that these medications hold for a young child will not help the parents feel too convinced about the usage of medication. As stated in Time this month, “We know that kids are not just little adults, they metabolize medications differently” (Kluger, et al). Parents might feel scared or reluctant to administer medication after hearing assertions about the dangers. Parents worry enough about their kids everyday without the use of a strong medication. The tendency to assume that doctors fear the usage of medication in children is overwhelming. It is more than clear to see why parents, or anyone affected by this disorder

The National Prescribing Centre recognize some fundamental differences in the absorption, distribution and excretion of medicines between adults and children. The differences are published in the National Prescribing Centre’s bulletin, produced by

There are many medications that affect children’s health in today’s society. Doctors prescribe lots of medication which can be avoided, when children are properly diagnosed with certain health problems. Attention - deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has impacted many people with the danger of certain medications which is overprescribed to all ages each year. The hidden dangers of the medications these doctors are prescribing, is that our children are being misdiagnosed with ADHD at a very early age, and this is causing many different side effects. Long term use of these medications can cause severe side effects. The most commonly prescribed drugs, are Ritalin, Adderall and Concerta, which cause children to have nervousness, appetite suppression, insomnia and increased blood pressure and heart problems. Also pharmaceutical companies are well aware of the danger to children and adults that these drugs may cause.

Psychotropic medications, also referred to as psychiatric or psychotherapeutic medications, are used to treat psychiatric disorders, such as: depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). They have been used for many years and oftentimes come with dangerous side effects. The side effects that often occur in children taking these medications can include: fainting, blurred vision, vomiting, extreme weight gain, and even death ("Seroquel information,” n.d.). The use of psychotropic medication to treat mental disorders in children and adolescents is highly controversial because of ethical viewpoints (i.e. parents “drugging” their children to calm them down) and potentially

Premature birth has been linked to a vast array of lungs problems, the earlier the birth the greater risk of health complications(Davis R and Mychaliska G, 2013). A majority of the health problems will affect the infant for the rest of their life (Davis R and Mychaliska G, 2013). Infants born between the canalicular and the saccular period (week 25) have lung development that is unsuitable for gas exchange (Davis R and Mychaliska G, 2013). Two major complications that arise with undeveloped lungs is bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (Mahgoub L. et al. 2017).

Kids ages 5-7 are taking pills all over the world that could lead to more damage. About 57% of kids with A.D.H.D have one other psychiatric disorder. Boys are four times more likely to have A.D.H.D than girls. My brother has A.D.H.D and he is like a robot, or a person with no humor or no thoughts when he is on medication. So I think that kids should not be medicated because they have A.D.H.D.

This will also decrease the number of children that may be affected due to improper use of medications such as methylphenidate, amphetamine, or dextroamphetamine.

There are many different types of medications and each of them have different side effects. There was a study conducted on a couple of ADHD medication that are given to children of ages three and under because it was causing serious cardiovascular side effects such as unexpected cardiac arrest, strokes, and acute myocardial infractions which is the medical term for heart attacks (Cooper149). Another study was conducted on children between the ages of two and eleven years old on another medication that was causing several types of hemorrhages that rush blood out due to a ruptured vessel (149). Another side effect was cerebral oedema which is swelling in the brain that is caused by disproportionate amounts of fluids (150). The United States Food and drug Administration made the companies that produce these medications put a different label that would stand out more in order to warn consumers about the risks that these medications may cause (149). Not only was The FDA able to change the labels here in the US but they managed to do it around the world so other consumers may know the severe side effects (149).

While parents have their kids engaged into the drug treatment they should be aware of the long term effects on the kids. We have to take into consideration that your brain isn’t fully developed until you are twenty six years old, but we are giving these drugs to kids as young as

One of the multiple dangers of giving a child over the counter cough and cold medication is mixing two or more different medications. “There were additional 26 cases of ADR’s to OTC medications that involved more than one product and were excluded from consideration” (Vassilev 316). Due to the fact that there was not only a dozen but more than two dozen people that overdosed their children on over the counter medication because they gave them more than one medication that lead to an overdose is to many Cough and cold medication is any medication that includes more than one antihistamine, decongestant, expectorant, or antitussive taken by mouth. The common ingredients in cough medications are diphenhydramine, doxylamine, phenylephrine, and pseudoephedrine which is linked to the most deaths. The side effects for the types of medications are cardiac arrhythmias for decongestants, hallucinations for antihistamines, and an altered level of consciousness for antitussives. Around 7000 children are treated for secondary side effects each year in emergency departments due to cough medications. The three biggest reasons that people overdose on these medications is because they receive the medicine to often, they are receiving to big of a dose, or they are receiving multiple cough medications containing the same ingredient (Lazarus 534). With all the information about cough and cold medication that they have out there and the warnings on the medication bottle labels, it does not seem

The human body is a very complex organism composed of different types of systems and functions. All the functions that each system has, is what makes possible for the body to obtain life. One of the most important systems in one’s body is the circulatory system, where the heart, the lungs, and the blood vessels work together to form the circle part of the circulatory system. The pumping of the heart forces the blood on its journey. The body’s circulatory system really has three parts: pulmonary circulation, coronary circulation, and systemic circulation. Each part must be working independently in order for them to all work together. However, when one of the parts of the circulatory system does not

While healthy babies are born every day, not everyone is so fortunate. In many cases, diagnostic radiology is required for patients during their childhood. Can having this radiation during the formative years lead to adverse effects later in life? The biggest concern from radiation is the risk of cancer. Cancer can occur at any dose from ionizing radiation because it is a stochastic effect, meaning that it is probabilistic. The probability of a stochastic effect, such as cancer, increases as the dose increases. While receiving this radiation may be necessary, it can cause some serious trouble later in life, such as breast cancer, leukemia, and thyroid cancer.

Before giving any medication to their children, parents read the suggested dosage on the label of the medication to determine how much they should give the child. In most cases the labeling on the side of the medication is incorrect for children, because of their weight, height, and metabolism (Christensen). More often than not labeling companies just size down the doses for children rather actually testing the effects (Christensen). By doing so children do not receive a correct dose size that would efficiently treat the symptoms that they are experiencing. However, some medication is tested on children and is safe to use. Most pharmacists will take a pill and turn it into a liquid form for child usage (Christensen). Even so only five out of the eighty most commonly used Over-The-Counter drugs are approved and safe for pediatric use (Christensen). As stated earlier people are incorrectly treating illnesses whether it is an incorrect size or an incorrect medicine altogether. In another study that was conducted, it was found that the medication Mevacor, a medicine used to lower cholesterol, had the same effects in treating patients using only half of the starting dose of 20 milligrams a day (Consumer Reports). This goes to show that even with modern day research misdosage can still be very common. The main goal of any parent or caregiver is to make sure that the child they are raising is healthy is receiving the proper care they deserve. In doing so they may make irrational decisions in order to treat the child as soon as possible, instead of doing research or contacting their local pediatrician. This is why it is so often that children receive medicine that does not actually benefit the child, like antibiotics for a cold.Another equally important reason that supports the idea that children are being over medicated is the notion that it

The overall prognosis of this tumor is not optimistic with mean survival sitting between 6 and 11 months [52]. This diagnosis is most often associated with infants and young children. Given the significant neurologic complications of radiation to the developing brain, physicians are often hesitant to radiate. Furthermore, the efficacy of chemotherapy has been historically difficult to quantify given a wide variety of regimens used with few patients enrolled in each study [53].

Cancer, one of the most feared words in our vocabulary of this time, especially in childhood (Druker 1). Most people when thinking of “childhood cancer” envision very young children, although a “Nation Institute of Health Policy concerning inclusion of children in clinical research defines children as being younger than twenty-one years of age while the Food and Drug Administration considers children to be fifteen years and younger” (Ries 158). That being said, most cancers incidence peak among children occurs during the first year of life (Gurney 149). Some of the most well-known nationwide childhood cancers are leukemia, brain cancer, and other central nervous system cancers (oeconline 1). In conjunction, “the side effects of treatment,