Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Research Paper

Dyspnea, the most common symptom of COPD, comes on gradually and is first noticed during physical exertion or during acute exacerbations

The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation provides support to help improve the lives of people who live with the disease. The foundation’s main goal is to find a cure to Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease caused by changed in a gene on chromosome seven. It is described as a buildup of mucus in the lungs and organs. The mucus in the lungs clogs the airways and bacteria grows, gets blocked in and eventually leads to infections that causes lung damage. After lung damage has occurred, respiratory failure then happens.

COPD is one of the greatest causes of disability and mortality in the twenty first century with future predictions painting an even graver story. Occupation, genome, and primarily smoking are the main causes of COPD. COPD is the third leading cause of death in America, claiming the lives of 134,676 Americans in 2010. Symptoms are typical of a constant smokers cough which progresses into the debilitating palliative stage of the disease; the development of co-morbidities exacerbates these symptoms. COPD has a complex pathophysiology involving hyperinflation, excessive mucus production and airway remodeling; diagnosis is through lung function tests. COPD is poorly managed with few effective treatments and a poor

Cystic Fibrosis is one of the most common and fatal genetic diseases in the United States. Cystic Fibrosis is a disease that causes the body to produce a thick, sticky mucus that clogs the lungs. This can lead to infection and blocks in the pancreas, which stops digestive enzymes from reaching the intestine where they are required in order to digest(“Learning About Cystic Fibrosis,” 2013). Cystic Fibrosis can go undiagnosed for a long period of time. For example, Mackenzie Dondanville 11 years old, four years ago, who had been coughing a lot for the previous year and a half. Due to her being physically athletic while competing in soccer, her pediatrician thought her cough and shortness of breath was due to exercise-induced asthma. It wasn't until Mackenzie's prescribed inhaler isn't working, that they realized something more was going on (“Mackenzies Story,”2018).

For centuries, genetic diseases have raided the planet growing stronger and mutating faster every day. Scientists have been working hard to develop concoctions to reduce the crippling effects of these diseases; if not eradicate the harsh effects of these potentially deadly genetic conditions altogether. Among these numerous life threatening genetic diseases is cystic fibrosis (CF), an inherited lifelong condition that promotes the production of thick sticky mucus causing lung infections from the entrapment of various bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs and digestive system. This disorder is among over 70,000 people worldwide, and about 30,000 just in the United States alone. Nearly half of the Cystic Fibrosis population is age 18 or older, and are normally diagnosed by age 2. Though Cystic fibrosis is a complex disease and the types and severity of symptoms can differ widely from person to person. Many different factors, such as age of diagnosis, can affect an individual's health and the course of the disease. Today the median survival age for having this disorder is close to 40 years old. To most that might seem very young, but this is a huge improvement from what it was in past years. New advances in technology makes it possible for people with this disorder to

Pulmonary Fibrosis is a serious disease that claims and terrorizes thousands of lives and families. Due to severity of the disease two Senators have decided to introduce an Act that is dedicated to this horrifying disease (the Pulmonary Fibrosis Research Enhancement Act (PFREA)). After the onset of symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis, a person has about 5 years of lifespan, that’s taking in consideration treatment that will be given to the patient. About 30 present of patient that receive treatment for pulmonary fibrosis with oral glucocorticoids will see improvement in their lung function. There are many studies that are being to find a cure for the disease or find a way to present it, unfortunately the studies are still on going

Cystic Fibrosis, a very serious inherited genetic disease, is also known as CF and sixty-five roses. This disease affects one in every 3,000 live births. It may first appear in a newborn, but can appear all the way up until a young adult. However, ten percent of most cases are apparent at birth. CF affects the lungs and causes a build-up of abnormally thick mucus which leads to chest infections, and CF also affects the reproductive system. Doctors do not know what causes the mucus to thicken. CF’s infections usually lead to death in childhood and early adulthood. Most people infected with CF had a life span into their teens long ago. Now, due to advanced technology, the life span is in the fifties or older.

Children are usually diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis at an early age of just 2. Children will start to show early signs of the disease. They will start to feel pain in the lower abdomen and start having extreme episodes of nausea. Cystic Fibrosis is a deadly disease because of all the mucus that is being built up in the lungs. The life expectancy for someone with this disease is usually 37; the number has risen over the past few years with new technology and medicines coming to light. Since the disease has no cure, it takes a huge toll on home life and the family finances because of the advanced treatment planes. Cystic fibrosis is a defective gene disorder,

Cystic Fibrosis is a disease that affects the body in many ways throughout the patient's life. Newborns with Cystic Fibrosis may experience delayed growth, inability to gain weight, and salty-tasting skin ("Cystic," umm.edu 1). Older patients may be infertile, have recurring pancreatitis, and respiratory problems ("Cystic," umm.edu 2). Considering that these are just symptoms involving age, the full spectrum of ailments that afflict a patient with Cystic Fibrosis is far more taxing on a patient.

The World Health Organization (WHO) (2006A) defines COPD as a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not wholly reversible. The airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases. John's chronic bronchitis is defined, clinically, as the presence of a chronic productive cough for 3 months in each of 2 successive years, provided other causes of chronic cough have been ruled out. (Mannino, 2003). The British lung Foundation (BLF) (2005) announces that chronic bronchitis is the inflammation and eventual scarring of the lining of the bronchial tubes which is the explanation for John's dyspnea. The BLF (2005) believe that when the bronchi become inflamed less air is able to flow to and from the lungs and once the bronchial tubes have been irritated over a long period of time, excessive mucus is produced. This increased sputum results from an increase in the size and number of goblet cells (Jeffery, 2001) resulting in John's excessive mucus production. The lining of the bronchial tubes becomes thickened and an irritating cough develops, (Waugh & Grant 2004) which is an additional symptoms that john is experiencing.

The rate of diffusion is inversely related to the thickness of the membrane, so this will decrease the rate at which gases can diffuse in the alveoli. As the fibrosis worsens, gases will eventually lose the capability to diffuse across the respiratory membrane because of the increased thickness (Hall, 2016, p. 523). In the lung tissue, the elasticity is determined by the collagen and elastic fibers within the lung parenchyma. Fibrotic tissue is increasing the collagen (scar) tissue in the lung (Hall, 2016, p. 499). Constricted lung diseases like fibrotic diseases keep the lungs from being able to expand to their normal capacity (Hall, 2016, p. 550). This will lead to a decreased compliance and a reduced normal

Idiopathic interstitial pulmonary firosis (IPF) is considered the most common form of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Its course is a progressive of and its cause is unknown. Idiopathic interstitial pulmonary firosis aٶect the gas exchange as it results in chronic inflmmation and progressive firosis of lung parenchyma. Нe signs and symptoms of this disease consist of progressive dyspnea, hypoxia, clubbing and crepitations at the lung bases [1]. IPF is a fatal lung disease; the natural history is variable and unpredictable: Most patients with IPF demonstrate a gradual worsening of lung function over years; a minority of patients remains stable or declines rapidly.

It is characterized by the scarring found inside and between the air sacs in the lungs. When the scar forms, the tissue will become hard and thick. This makes it difficult for oxygen to navigate through the walls of the air sac into the bloodstream This wound can prove to be fatal to the patient because the tissue can’t be repaired, and as a result, causes extreme difficulty with breathing. The causes of pulmonary fibrosis can be many different reasons. Cigarette smoking, certain viral infections and even exposure to environmental pollutants are a few triggers according to Google. But most cases of pulmonary fibrosis have no known cause. These cases are called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The (ALA), otherwise known as the American lung Association, estimates that roughly ...”140,000 Americans have been diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis”. The disease is more than likely to affect men and women alike, who fall between the ages of 50 to

Ineffective breathing pattern related to decreased oxygen saturation, poor tissue perfusion, obesity, decreased air entry to bases of both lungs, gout and arthritic pain, decreased cardiac output, disease process of COPD, and stress as evidenced by shortness of breath, BMI > 30 abnormal breathing patterns (rapid, shallow breathing), abnormal skin colour (slightly purplish), excessive diaphoresis, nasal flaring and use of accessory muscles, statement of joint pain, oxygen saturations of 85-95% 2L NP, immobility 95% of the day, and adventitious sounds throughout lungs (crackles) secondary to CHF, hypertension, pain caused by gout and arthritis, and obesity