Impact Of Global Warming On Nigeria

In the years ahead, climate change will have a significant impact on every aspect of the daily lives of all human beings -- possibly greater even than war. Shifting precipitation patterns and ocean currents could change where and how food crops grow. If icecaps melt and low-lying areas are flooded, as is predicted, entire populations could be forced to move to higher ground. The tsunami of 2004 and Hurricane Katrina, in 2005, provided vivid examples of what large-scale climactic catastrophes entail.

According to scientific research, the average temperature of the earth has risen by between ten and twenty degrees Celsius (M.L. Weitzman, 2008). These high temperatures could well be described as a ‘recipe for disaster’, and could produce results that would be catastrophic on a global scale. What is more alarming however, is that there is already a lot of evidence of predicted results of climate change, for instance, in Australia especially, severe draughts have been common in farming areas in the last few decades, there has been an increase of intense and extreme weather events, for example floods, flash floods, tsunamis, earthquakes and tornados, almost all of the natural disasters listed have occurred for ‘unknown’ reasons in the past few years. Rises in sea water level and temperature due to higher acid levels caused by global warming, threaten the existence of species and in some areas, entire eco-systems resulting in the loss of natural biodiversity. ‘Climate change is pushing the world to the verge of environmental and economic collapse, whether global deniers want to believe it or not’ (N. Klein, 2011).

In 2007, the city of Minneapolis the highway I-35 bridge that made out of steel had collapsed. It has become terrors for the communities and cause all of the roads to be closed due to constructions. For example, every week construction workers will build the roads. To clear traffic, construction workers will close the road so only they can use it. On highway 94 coming from Maple Grove to Brooklyn Center is always pack with many cars. I lived in Brooklyn Center the easiest

Global warming is a topic that concern many scientists and other people. lbis paper will be stating on the causes,history, technology, and etc. Inthis research paper you will find most of the history of global warming, how it has had a impact on the world, how it impacts us and our daily lives, and etc. Also I (Yarely Juarez) will be stating what are the planning or direction of this technology.

adverse impacts of climate change in sub-Saharan Africa, the region will remain vulnerable to the effects of climate change (FAO, 2009).

Our company's name is GenetiFoods. We aim to create and distribute safe, genetically modified foods and products which are economical in many ways. Our 3 founders (Kelsey Richard, Jovan Hubbard, and Cedetra Tranchant) all come from very different backgrounds. However, we all had one common dream: to allow people a better life. They understood that certain places in the world were not afforded the same opportunists based on their geographical habitat. Food, above all else was being affected by this.

Our transportation system, quite arguably, may embody our most vital system, as Infrastructure and Democracy clarifies, “access is the hallmark of a great infrastructure” (Jones, Reinecke). By great contrast, our roads remain a current issue. 42 percent of America’s urban highways remain congested, costing the United States 101 billion dollars in wasted time and fuel each year. Also, the32 percent of roads, in poor or mediocre condition, cost the average traveler $324 per year (American Infrastructure Report Card). Unfortunately, updating the highway systems seems longer than it may seem, as the Government Accountability Office (GAO) estimates that from proposal to completion most highways will need nine to nineteen years to fix (Leduc, Wilson 129). In addition to the roads, our bridges are failing just as much. One of every nine bridges within the United States is categorized as structurally deficient. The average bridge 42 years old, and in order to eliminate the bridge renovation backlog, our country would need to invest twenty and a half billion dollars until 2028 (American Infrastructure Report Card). However, in 2013, the United States only invested 12.8 billion dollars in bridge reconstruction and repair (American Infrastructure Report Card). Also, our countries transit

There is no doubt that climate is a considerable element of agricultural production. However, along with climate change, extreme weather has tended to be more frequent and more intense, which has affected farming destructively. As a result, the drought that occurred in sub-Saharan Africa has become continual and long duration, which resulted in poor harvests. In addition, climate change restricted weather risk management. Similarly, long-time climate change is threatening agricultural development in Australia and has reduced agricultural production capacity and challenged traditional farming and irrigation measures. Interestingly, in most rural areas of Australia, farmers acknowledged “a changing climate”, rather than “climate change”.

Forests play an essential role in absorbing greenhouse gases and carbon emissions which contribute to climate change. With increasing deforestation rates, more carbon and greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere hence worsening the global warming situation. Deforestation not only disrupts the weather patterns, it also increases the risks of drought, desertification and coastal flooding etc. Moreover, desert encroachment into the southern parts of Nigeria has also increased due to deforestation. Deforestation has also amplified the flow of incessant flood occurrences at the Nigerian coastal areas. A study conducted from 1901 to 2005 recorded that increased surface air temperature has also been noticed in Nigeria. UNSN 2001 reported the

Coastal lands, agriculture, weak permafrost, increase in disease, weather patterns, ocean circulation, and biodiversity are few elements affected by this emergency. There is major concern for coastal flooding. IPCC estimates that 43% of coastal wetlands will be asphyxiated, beaches will wear down 100 to 200 ft., and 5,000 square miles will be overwhelmed with sea water. (Greenpeace) In Chesapeake Bay, beaches have already been lost, resulting from more than an inch increase in sea level. Many islands and low surface level countries will be inundated . Millions of people could be affect in Bangladesh, China, and New York due to flooding. Any country with a small economy can suffer greatly being unable to adapt and replenish resources. Pests that use warm weather will have more time to reproduce and feed on infected species, usually passing on infections. Allergens and viruses will be more persistent. Forest fires will increase. An example for agriculture damage is Kansas’ ability to be 4 degrees warmer during winter which is bad news for the winter wheat grown with cold air usually sent southward from the Artic ice. Also, during summer Kansas can lose valuable cropland from soil losing 10 percent of its moisture. (NRDC) Shrinkage in fresh water supply will result in water stress for people that rely on spring water, such as the Himalayans

Climate Change has evidently had a huge impact on recent natural disasters around the world. The most noteable events in recent times has been the hurricanes that hit the United States and Puerto Rico in quick succession in 2017. These great tropical cyclones were hurricanes Harvey, Irma, Jose, and Maria. But this is not the only year that was violently struck. In the year 2005, there were six major hurricanes. Katrina. Dennis, Cindy, Ophelia, Rita and Wilma. all caused chaos within the United States. All these consecutive hurricanes in such a short amount of time shows how much climate change has had an effect on national disasters, eventually through these major hurricanes.

The impact of this warm period is seen in the increase in “warm days” and decrease in “cold days” throughout the year (IPCC). In addition, a major contributor to global warming is the release of greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide. One prediction forecasts the rise in temperatures from 1990 to 2100 to be between 1.7 and 4.9 degrees “in the absence of climate mitigation policies (Sciencemag).” Although very high, these figures indicate that global warming is concerning to climate scientists, and should be viewed as a prevailing problem by all humans. Evidence of global warming’s intensifying effects is seen in Africa, where the spread of disease is becoming uncontrollable.

Flooding is a very common natural disaster and has contributed to approximately 39% of worldwide natural disasters, as well as an estimated $397.3 billion worth of damage between 2000 and 2014. [1] Flooding can be caused by short-duration intense rainfall, excessive precipitation, rapid or heavy snowmelt, hurricanes, tropical cyclones, embankment failure, or sea level rise. The effects of climate change have led to increases in extreme weather events including more frequent concentrated precipitation, increasing temperatures which causes sea level rise,

Scientists have spent decades figuring out what is causing global warming. They have looked at the natural cycles and events that are known to influence climate. But the amount and pattern of warming that is been measured can 't be explained by these factors alone. The only way to explain the pattern is to include the effect of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted by humans. One of the first things scientists learned is that there are several greenhouse gases responsible for warming, and humans emit them in a variety of ways. Most come from the combustion of fossil fuels in cars, factories and electricity production. The gas responsible for the most warming is carbon dioxide, also called CO2. Other contributors include methane released from landfills and agriculture (especially from the digestive systems of grazing animals), nitrous oxide from fertilizers, gases used for refrigeration and industrial processes, and the loss of forests that would otherwise store CO2.

The number of natural disaster is increasing over the years and its impact to the economy and environment has increased remarkably. Flood disaster is a major threat to the environment and is responsible for the economic loss worldwide. Flood frequency, magnitude, extent and cost is accelerating quickly all over the world (Adjei-darko, 2017). A single major flood event can affect several countries simultaneously and can pressure on risk reduction and transfer (Jongman et al., 2014). According to the outcome of Aqueduct Global Flood Risk Analyzer launched by the US-based World Resource Institute (WRI), flooding affects 21 million people annually and it could rise to 54 million by 2030 and the GDP loss is 96 billion $ in each year and it could be 521 billion $ by 2030 (Dutch water sector, 2005). Different sectors of Bangladesh also suffer a huge amount of loss due to regular flood inundation that impacts on countries’ budget through the disruption of economic activity (Hussain & Shan, 2010; Jüssi, 2015). In Bangladesh, about 3.5 million people are annually affected by the flood and it can rise to 9.8 million per year by 2030. Annual GDP loss is 5.5 billion $ and by 2030 it can rise 45.8 billion $ (WRI, 2017). Economic disruption may rise more than 1 trillion $ annually and flood frequency may be double because of adverse climate and socio-economic development by 2050 (Jongman et al., 2014). More than 8 million people affected by flood in 2017 which caused death