IFRS 15 AND TPG
Prepared by: Amanda Ng Ngee Pei; 21393604
Contents
Executive summary--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
Part A:
(I) Objectives and Main Changes to IFRS 15----------------------------------------------------3-4
(II) Possible effects of IFRS 15 on TPG-----------------------------------------------------------5-6
Part B:
Potential Impact of IFRS 15 on owner-manger -------------------------------------------------7-8 relationship and presentation of financial statements
References---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9-10
Executive summary
Users of financial statements
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Part A
(I) Objectives and Main Changes to IFRS 15
In mid 2014, the IASB proposed changes to revenue recognition under IFRS 15, which will come into effect from 1st January 2017 or earlier, if permitted. The main objective of the proposed changes was to improve on the previous revenue recognition requirements, which provided limited guidance, by providing enhancements to the consistency and quality of how revenue is reported and at the same time improve comparability in the financial statement of companies reporting under IFRS and US GAAP (Chartered Accountants 2013). The establishment of the principles that companies will apply will provide useful information to users of financial statements about the “nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from a contract with a customer” (IFRS 15:1 2014).
By proposing the changes, IASB seeks to remove discrepancies and weaknesses in previous revenue recognition standards by providing concise principles for revenue recognition in a more robust framework. This increases the accuracy of the numbers reflected in financial statements, which give the users a better evaluation of the company’s performance and prospects. IASB also seeks to improve comparability between industries, companies, jurisdictions and capital markets by providing a single revenue recognition model those companies can seek guidance from. Improved comparability allows users of financial statements to compare
In 2018 it will be mandatory that AASB111 and AASB108 are replaced by AASB15. This new standards main principle necessitates entities to recognise revenue to portray the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that mirror the payment, of which the company expects to be entitled. AASB15 also provides regulation for transactions that were not previously addressed thoroughly, such as service revenue and contract modifications. Essentially it presents a 5 step system of Identifying the contracts with the customer, identifying the separate performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to certain performance obligations and recognizing revenue when or as the entity fulfils performance obligations – This is demonstrated towards the end of the report with a
The major benefit of this proposal is that agreement exists that there is more objectivity in measuring and determining changes in assets and liabilities than there is in measuring and determining the completion of the earning process. After taking comment letters on the discussion paper of December 2008 and an initial exposure draft in June of 2010, the boards issued a revision of the proposal in “Proposed Accounting Standards Update (Revised), Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) – Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Revision of Exposure Draft Issued June 24, 2010.” The new document left the basis of the proposal the same and added implementation guidance and a tentative date for adoption. Recognizing revenue under the standard would be a five-step
Since 2002, Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board’s (IASB) have been working toward “convergence” of US General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). They have made significant progress in efforts to converge critical accounting standards such as those dealing with revenue recognition, financial instruments and leases. Once these projects are complete, the "era" of convergence will be at an end. Nevertheless, the benefits for investors of eventually getting to consistently applied, high-quality, globally accepted accounting
The Company is planning to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in the near future and should be made aware of the International Accounting Standards Board’s (IASB) relevant accounting guidelines. While FASB has extensive revenue recognition guidelines, IASB only has one, IAS 18. IASB’s revenue recognition guideline for the sales of goods [IAS 18.14] states that revenue
As the business environment grows and companies find new ways to expand into their respective - or even new – markets, it is important that reporting standards stay up to date with changes and continue to assist companies in providing their users with useful accounting information. Information is labelled as being useful when it meets the
Bloom, R. & Kamm, J. (2014). Revenue Recognition, How we got here and where it will take us. Financial Executive (3). 48. Retrieved from: http://www.financialexecutives.org
The revenue recognition framework had significant differences under The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) provisions. The transformation of revenue recognition was necessary to provide the integrity to financial statements. Moreover, new revenue recognition standards should be applicable to all businesses (p50 A New World of Revenue Recognition).
As the responsibilities of the global harmonization of accounting standards IFRS and GAAP transfer to IASB, FASB’s influence is waning. Advantages of the convergence include high quality financial reporting, which lowers cost of capital for investors and the cost of borrowing for companies. However, there are disadvantages to be noted, such as the costs of introducing IFRS to current and potential accountants and the risk of reducing the uniformity of financial reports due to the lax rulings of IFRS, which promotes earnings management amongst companies. Although arguments regarding the convergence remain prevalent, the completion of IFRS and GAAP is inevitable. Come year 2015, accountants, investors, and companies alike will discover whether or not the pros outweighed the cons; or vice versa.
IFRS has fewer requirements on revenue recognition, but follows the same basic principle of economic significance. Revenue can be recorded when t is probable that any future economic benefit associated with the item of revenue
On June 24, 2010, the FASB and the IASB published for public comment an exposure draft, which was open for public comment through October 22, 2010. The key concept was about revenue from contracts with customers, except for financial instrument contracts, insurance contracts, leasing contracts, nonmonetary exchanges contracts. There are approximately 1,000 comment letters was received. Find one comment letter on the FASB website that raises questions about the proposed new standard and briefly explain the issue. The core principle of the proposed standard on revenue recognition is that a business entity should recognize revenue for goods and services such that the amount reflects the consideration that the business entity receives, or
Despite those enormous advantages, it has been argued that IFRSS adoption lead to significant costs. The main argument is that IFRSs do not consider local needs and priorities as every country has their own ‘business environment, legal systems, cultures, language and political environment’ (Henderson and Peirson, 2000 cited from Malthus, S., 2004). However, to overcome this problem, IASB can accommodate flexible reporting standards that enable companies to choose alternatives that are more suitable for their external condition. It is opinion of some opponents of IFRS adoption that IAS is ‘insufficiently detailed’ (Uddin,M.S., 2005, p.4) that require accountants’ and auditor’ professional judgment. However, overly detail might be contra productive and not flexible in anticipating every changes and differences.
With complete notion and awareness of how each country has their set of rules, “the goal of IFRS is to provide a global framework for how public companies prepare and disclose their financial statements” (Rouse, 2011). This view is meant to provide general guidelines, as well as international comparisons through conventional and edifying means. To bring broader and vivid objectives, IFRS replaced IAS, the older standards, in order to bring a more comprehensive and simplified accounting procedures.
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