Protection, civilization, assimilation: An outline history of Canada’s Indian policy by John L. Tobias, 1991.
The history of Canada is the era of where colonization all began towards aboriginal peoples. Over the past decades, aboriginal peoples have been mistreated and misused by the white-Europeans. They have been oppressed by Canadian society that we are known still by today and continue to live under racism resulting in gender and class oppression. The history of colonialism has been playing a big part in the way of how aboriginal people have been constructed and impacted on how aboriginal people are treated and viewed in Canadian Society. They have been dealing with the struggles, inequality, and discrimination that we have been putting them through for over three centuries, we’ve been also failing them with Canada’s racist policies
Former prime minister, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, believed greatly in what he thought Canada was to become. “The nineteenth century was the century of the United States. I think that we can claim that is it Canada that shall fill the twentieth century. “ was said by Laurier and his words passed almost without notice at the time. However, it did not take long before his words had somehow been transformed into the most famous phrase in Canadian history, “The twentieth century belongs to Canada.” His words showed great confidence and pride in the actions that Canada was supposedly to take to fulfill his vision. He believed that Canada would fill the century, not in size or military might but in progress, growth, and quality of life. Ultimately, he
For many decades, writers and authors have accused the American influence on Canada as one of the reasons why Canada is losing its heritage, with one major aspect being the game of hockey. The institutionalization of American Culture began to take root in Canada during the late 1920’s and 1930s as technological advances, specifically the invention of the radio, allowed Canadians to enjoy American entertainment. American stations were much more reliable than Canadian ones, causing American sporting stations such as NBC and CBS to become extremely popular in Canada (Gruneau et al, 1993). As Canada was becoming intertwined with the United States (U.S.), it was becoming less of a satellite of Britain, which made it tremendously difficult for Canada’s elite to protect British ideals such as self-improvement and participating in sport for the game’s sake. (Gruneau et al, 1993). In the early 1940’s, after the great depression forced many franchises to dismantle, the National Hockey League (NHL) was left with six teams, which made up the famous “original six.” At this time, America had a strong influence on the game, as four of the original six teams were based in the United States, and all of the players in league were paid in American dollars (Gruneau et al, 1993). By the early 1960’s, televised sports were emerging in North America, and NHL players were becoming mainstream stars. Inspired by this, along with the threat of the NHL losing its television contract to the Western
Before the Europeans came to Canada, Natives had their own culture, traditions and norms. These differences were obvious to the Europeans who sailed to Canada, their interactions with the Native peoples proved these vast differences. One major difference noted was that the Iroquois organized their societies on different lines than did the patrilineal western Europeans. Iroquois women “by virtue of her functions as wife and mother, exercised an influence but little short of despotic, not only in the wigwam but also around the council fire.” “She indeed possessed and exercised all civil and political power and authority. The country, the land, the fields with their harvests and fruits belonged to her … her plans and wishes modeled the policy and inspired the decisions of council.” The Europeans were astounded by this way of life.
Throughout Canada’s 150 years of being a country, Indigenous people were oppressed. The children were forced into residential schools, and eventually, over decades, the entire culture was lost. Looking back on it now, it is clear that what had happened was a “cultural genocide.” Cultural genocide is defined as, “the destruction of structures and practices that allow a group to continue as a group” (Moffit, Brown, 2017).
Economic imperialism plays an important role in colonization. The goal of this paper is to discuss the colonial control of Canada and how economics played an important role in dispossession of indigenous people of Canada. The negative impact of economic imperialism included loss of land, disrupted communities and exploitation of natural resources. In all cases, Canadian natives had to suffer the consequences of colonization and economic imperialism.
Conflict between Canada and the First Nations has been going on since the Europeans first arrived. After their arrival the First Nations way of life was hindered severely; The Europeans brought many diseases that the Aboriginal people were unfamiliar with and had no resistance to, or cure for. “By the 16th century about 80% of Canada's Native population had died from the various diseases (Renneboog, 5).” The Europeans also came to Canada with the intentions of taking all of the land for themselves, disregarding the people who occupied the land before them. Over time the Europeans had manipulated the First Nations to their will and the Aboriginals were discriminated for their different complexion, culture, customs, and way of life. But
In the source the author clearly believes that the events of the past should not be dwelled upon, even if they have negative consequences in today’s society. The speaker believes that the current generation is not accountable for the actions of their ancestors, and the legacies of these actions should simply be accepted into the modern world. There are those, such as the owners of large corporations, who would embrace this perspective, because their focus is to continue to secure and grow their companies in the future, not consider past events that may affect their position today. Old corporations, such as the Hudson Bay Company, likely have helped shape some of the legacies of historical globalization in Canada, but their focus is maintaining
Europeans felt that civilization was the pinnacle of human achievement. When they began settling across Canada, they began making assumptions about the First Nations, Inuit & Metis people. It was assumed that the aboriginal culture was unable to adapt to a rapidly modernizing society. The aboriginals were viewed as ignorant, savage, uncivilized and quite possibly rivals. Essentially, the native ways were viewed childish. The settlers realized that the natives culture, faith, education and trade were drastically different to European ways. Their ways appeared primitive. Duncan Campbell Scott, who was the Deputy Minister of Indian Affairs in Canada in 1920, has been quoted on the record saying, "I want to get rid of the Indian problem. I do not think as a matter of fact, that the country ought to continuously protect a class of people who are able to stand alone... Our objective is to continue until there is not a single Indian in Canada that has not been absorbed into the body politic and there is no Indian question, and no Indian Department.”
Isn 't it sad to see a Parliament building burnt on the night of April 25th, 1849 to mark as one of our historical importance of establishing Canada? The definition of annexation is to take over and acquiring another state. Usually, it is implied that the territory and population being annexed is the smaller and the weakest of the two merging state. By definition, Manifesto is a public declaration of policy and aims. Annexation movements inside Canada were usually inspired by dissatisfaction with Britain 's colonial government of Canada. For example, a groups of Irish immigrants took the route of attempting to annex the peninsula between the Detroit and Niagara Rivers to the U.S. by force in 1837-1838.
Nothing could have better complimented the end of WW1 than the 1920s, also known as the roaring twenties. This era is most notable for its help in revolutionizing Canada into a new modern age and help shape Canada into what it is today. This was a time of many new remarkable inventions like the automobile, the radio, and the telephone which all had advanced and change how we live today. This era was also when Canada took the necessary steps in achieving greater autonomy from Britain. Canadians believed that Canada should no longer be controlled by a European power, so in the decades after war, Canada took steps toward independence. Canada joined the League of Nations in 1919. This was one of the first times canada took independent action in cooperation with a
In the 19th century, Britain dominated the seas in a manner unrivaled by any other competitor. The Royal Navy was able to impose its will worldwide, exemplified by 19th century conflicts such as Opium Wars versus China and The Anglo-Egpytian war. During this time, Britain policed the world and ensured safety on the high seas during a prosperous period known as Pax Brittanica. No other nation was seriously able to present a naval challenge to the British Empire. This British golden age was drawing to a close however, as American, French, Russian, Italian, Japanese, and especially German navies grew increasingly more powerful. Due to the vast expanse of the British Empire, the Royal navy found itself spread dangerously thin, or facing financial
Once considered the gem of the Canadian Crown Corporations, Air Canada was afflicted by a storm of financial problems in the early nineties. This onslaught of financial difficulties, which had been created largely by the Gulf War and the Canadian recession, increased Air Canada’s losses increased at worrisome rates. Then, after suffering losses upwards of $218 million in 1991, the Board of Directors recognized the need for a corporate overhaul and consequently appointed Hollis Harris as the Chief Executive Officer the following year. Harris, a 37-year veteran in the highly competitive American airline industry, was given the challenging task of returning the struggling airline to profitability. When he was appointed, many Canadians were outraged that an American would lead a privatized Canadian company and feared this decision to be a step towards the impending Americanization of the Canadian culture. Others’ speculated that Harris was appointed for the sole purpose of training and mentoring Air Canada’s future leader . However, these individuals were all proven wrong when Harris’ transformed the reeling airline into a leading competitor in the global airline industry. His American background, which was condemned by many, played a significant role in the expanding Air Canada’s international reach. His experience in the aviation sector combined with his extraordinary leadership skills, helped reduce costs and placed Air Canada on the path to financial recovery. Finally,
In the contact narrative of early Anglophile and Francophile settlements in Canada, the dominance of white European identity in the historical record is based on vastly different perceptions of indigenous/ aboriginal as being inferior to the “civilized” world. These misrepresentations of the indigenous peoples of Canada are primarily based on linguistic and cultural scholarship in the Eurocentric tradition, which were based on primitive tribal customs and social norms. In many cases,