Import Substitution Industrialization

While some may argue that Industrialization had primarily positive consequences for society because there was new inventions, the Industrial Revolution had actually negative outcomes on society. The negative effects of Industrialization included pollution, poverty, and unfortunate conditions inside the home and inside factories. These factors would impact the lives of immigrants and overall change the way we view society and prevent future outbreaks. And although the people living in this period did not know it yet, the new innovations being invented would change the world for the worse.

Industrialization was a turning point in history for countries across the globe in the 18th century and the 19th century. In the time period of 1850 and 1914, most of Western Europe and America had already experienced impressive economic and lifestyle adjustments thanks to industrialization. In this time of constant innovation and change, Japan and Russia were both trying to industrialize like Western Europe and America did. The goal for both: to keep their own identity and culture in the process and ultimately have great success. Although both Japan and Russia had a similar goal with industrialization, and both were driven by a state-sponsored industry, the experiences for industrial workers in Russia were significantly worse than those in

Q: Identify the issues raised by the growth of Manchester and analyze the various reactions to those issues over the course of the nineteenth century.

The Industrial Revolution, as described by Stephen Gardiner, was “another of those extraordinary jumps forward in the story of civilization.” During this time period, some might argue that Industrialization had primarily negative consequences for society. Industrialization involved the use of child labor, negatively affected the environment, and had harsh working conditions in factories. However, I will counter that it actually had a greater positive effect for society. As a result of Industrialization, the United States rose to become the world’s largest economic power and people were able to enjoy new amenities that weren’t previously available.

During the Civil War, factories were built by the Union to defeat the Confederacy. After the Civil War, those factories continued to thrive which consequently led to the Gilded Age. “Gilded” meaning that something is wrapped thinly in gold, but doesn’t look good underneath. Industrialization collectively ruined the crop market, created monopolies owned by corrupt individuals, and restricted upward movement of American society. In response, industrialization had a negative impact on US society in the years 1865 to 1900.

At one point, Industrialization had a very negative impact on society. It had affected many people’s lives in a very gloomy way. While some people might argue that Industrialization had primarily positive effects for society because there was better business and financial opportunities it was actually a negative thing for society. Industrialization’s negative effects were unsafe working conditions, bad employers, and many people were separated from their families.

Overall, the industrialization had a greater negative effect than positive effect on society for many reasons. The revolution had many positives that came with it, but I thought that there were just more negatives that overrode it in the long run. While some might argue that industrialization had primarily positive consequences for society because child labor laws were not being abused was actually a negative thing for society. Industrialization’s negative effects were bad working conditions, unfair working/ labor rights, and separation from life. I would stress that one of the main things that was negative for society is the water borne disease, which killed more people than the war did.

Shrey Saretha 2/8/15 P.4 Industrialization Document Based Question From 1865 to 1900, the United States of America was going through a period of industrialization. This transformation of the U.S. society to a society primarily based on the manufacturing of various goods and services produced a wide range of effects and reactions from the American society at that time. Although some historians may argue that industrialization had a mainly negative effect on U.S. society due to the unfair and now illegal practices taking place at that time, the reforms that took place because of these practices helped create many positive changes for society that still exist today. The initial positive outcomes of industrialization, the negative outcomes, and

Leading up to 1865, the United States underwent its first Industrial Revolution. Factories began to develop and new labor techniques, such as the Lowell System, were implemented. There were significant changes to transportation and communication and new technologies began to develop. These innovations changed living and working conditions, urbanization, and overall life in the United States. Due to this, industrialization greatly impacted United States society from 1865 to 1900 through labor and political parties.

The effects leaching off of industrialization between 1865 and 1900 has many divided outcomes of prosperous pushes forward as well as hefty setbacks. During this time was the drive toward the second industrial revolution, this brought in many more immigrants to the workforce, reconstruction of the south but also the rise of money hungry industry owners (Doc. 4), turning into a movement for power being returned the people (Doc. 5). These little causes have brought much effect in the nation as it progressed it towards the future society and culture.

A larger developed country will have numerous products it produces and exports. A surplus of imports, as one may imagine, can be disastrous.

While some might argue that Industrialization had primarily negative consequences for society because of the horrible working conditions, it was actually a positive thing for society; Industrialization’s positive effects were the production increases, more efficient transportation and better living conditions. The assembly line and factories were forms of production increase. The railroads and automobiles are examples of efficient transportation, and tenements and urban renewal are examples of better living conditions. These come to show that the industrial revolution was a major improvement in product distribution, transportation and living quarters.

After the end of the World War II the world faced the challenges of economic and social recovery. The majority of developing countries based their economies on Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI), the state-oriented approach to a trade and economic policy. ISI supports the replacement of import with domestic production in order to reduce foreign dependency. This protectionist policy dominated in developing countries, especially in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, during the first 30 years after the World War II. By 1980s, when the main gains of ISI were exhausted and it demonstrated its inefficiency, the countries of East Asia adopted a new development strategy. Consequently, this new export-oriented and market-friendly strategy, so-called East Asian model, has determined the successful economic and trade policy of East Asian countries during the next several decades. To understand the reasons of the shift from ISI to the East Asian model, it is needed to carefully examine and contrast these two approaches and their supporting theories.

LDCs lack trade capacity, so they cannot participate in world trade. Training is extremely important as human knowledge is the base to make a difference in sense of innovation and competition. Moreover, trade costs “inhibit many developing countries from fully exploiting trade and development potential,” they act as a brake on economic development, specially on landlocked countries.

Around the 1930s, Brazil and Latin American began following the process of Import Substitution Industrialization, which lasted until the end of the 1980s. The ISI policies devaluated the currency in order to boost exports and discourage imports, followed by adopting different exchange rates for goods (Watkins). ISI in Brazil had an interesting effect; it created a three-prong system of governmental, private, and foreign capital being directed at the infrastructure and heavy industry, manufacturing goods, and the production of durable goods. The program worked at first but then became a serious economic problem. When the 1980s came around Brazil realized that ISI policies lead to inefficient industries because of their lack of exposure to