Importance And Importance Of Development

The reader must understand that development is not easily defined within comparative politics. The concept of development is complex and can not be explained as simply as black and white. “For example would you say an oil-rich country such as Saudi Arabia is experiencing development if its economy is growing rapidly but nearly all of the benefits of the growth are going to a small number of elite? Would you say that a country is developing if people are

From the earliest days of civilized society, each generation seeks to advance their lives to be easier, more efficient, or more productive in one way or another. This advancement, this growth, this knowledge increase is also known as development. As societies developed and the concept of money was introduced, personal wealth was seen as the most common way to measure success and prestige. The GDP (Gross Domestic Product) per capita measure was introduced to compare living conditions between countries. However, comparing wealth cannot be the only measure of assessing how developed group of people are. In order to understand development, the best social welfare function measures how empowered people are on average to a long life where they have

Understanding the concepts of development allows clinicians to relate to children and adolescents on individual developmental levels. Dental visits can have a negative impact on most youths in society that can stem into adulthood. Dental clinicians must focus on providing young patients with a positive experience in the presence of a dental clinic. This report will discuss the communication skills involved to carry out a positive first visit and successful treatment appointments on a young child. Strategies will be utilized and discussed to establish trust and rapport and behaviour modification amongst adolescents.

The concept of ‘sustainable development’ is one that has faced heated debates for decades now. A seemingly harmless concept, it raises a lot of questions as to what it really entails and how exactly it can be achieved. But with more than 1.3 billion people living in abject poverty (less than $1.25 a day), and with a reported 22,000 children dying every day as a result of poverty (UNICEF), the debate for Sustainable Development becomes interesting as it questions the extremity of economic growth policies, in the war against poverty. Many note economic growth and development as the only tool for poverty alleviation. Roemer and Gugerty, for example, report that GDP growth of 10% per year is associated with income growth of 10% for the poorest 40% of the population. However, others question the extent to which economic growth should be put above other socio-economic factors. Lele points out that the focus on economic growth has led to important ecological and social sustainability, taking the backseat. He argues that due to strong emphasis on economic growth, not enough attention is paid to social equity, and economic stability within the development discourse.

National and international development is a human instinct and serves only one specific purpose; which is the advancement of humanity and specifically the betterment of the quality of life for everyone. The terminology ‘development’ usually includes such areas as foreign aid, healthcare, equality, infrastructure, economics, human rights and education as well as many others. International development differs compared to national development; it was created by governments and institutions after World War Two in order to concentrate on topics like easing poverty and to improve living conditions in destroyed countries, but more importantly in former colonies which were now free and to become part of a different and hopefully better world.

According to Todaro & Smith 2011, Economic Development can be specified into three objectives of development. The first is ‘Sustaining Goods and Services’; this objective is the increase in supply of goods and services, which also widens the distribution of basic needs such as food shelter, health and protection. The second is ‘An Increase in Income’; this objective is to increase the standard of living, jobs, improved education and better attention to cultural values. All these factors enhance material well being, individual and national self-esteem. The third and final is the ‘Freedom to Make Economic and Social Choices’, this objective is to increase the range of economic opportunities available to a society.

Social, political and economic development have been and continue to be some of the greatest challenges for low income and least-developed states within the international community. “Development” can be explained in a variety of ways, including economic growth and purchasing power parity, but one of the best ways to illustrate development is described by Amartya Sen as the capability or opportunity to develop.

Inequality problem is not discussed in detail by Perkins, but it is mentioned as one of reason of political instability in Thailand, due to the social gap between people from rural and urban area, which hinder its economic growth. It is consistent with Piketty (2014), that when the share of capitalists increasing in income, over the growth rate of income per capita, the inequality will rise, due to unequal ownership, which then lead to social inequality and political conflicts (pp. 182-183). Stiglitzs (2012) points out that fairness for the individual is crucial and it will motivate protests all over the world when the economic and political system bring the unfairness (p. 10). According to Mankiw (2013), inequality in income should not be the only object of public policy, but the inequality in opportunity should become the primary focus since it might cause inefficiency as well (p.26). Perkins shows Indonesia and Malaysia as sample of countries which suffered from inefficient social welfare allocation that make national development policy ineffective. The inclusiveness, as the crucial part of sustaining growth, is also related to the equality of opportunities when growth is created. No people should be left out and facing extreme inequality of income and education, since it will cause resistance and diverting process of growth through the conflict and political instability (Spence 2011, p. 88). The role of government to lower the income inequality and

Development, in terms of categorizing countries, is the level at which a nation achieves stability, whether that includes stability in the

According to Anderson (2014), Human Development Index (HDI) is the most efficient single matrix for the welfare and progress of an economy. The approach measures the country’s value and well-being in three dimensions namely, education/knowledge, life expectancy (healthy and long life), and a decent living standard (determined by the GDP per capita). Apparently, the first two elements of Human Development Index (education and health) focuses on precise societal goals, but the gross domestic product variables remain a significance proxy for national well-being. The method has been in use by most of the agencies like the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) since 1990 for their human development report (Anderson, 2014). Again, HDI is used by the European Nations to compare different nations and regions.

There is no single definition of development as it is defined differently across lens, time and space. It is general defined as encompassing economics that leads to an improvement in the standard of living of all persons.

My first recommendation to promote better allocation of resources at the global level is to form a new development strategy focused on the needs of each individual nation state. This strategy relies on a total disregard of the Washington Consensus’ overgeneralized liberal development policies. The World Economic Forum needs to form committees for every under-developed country dedicated to the specific needs of each nation. Each committee must focus on the complex interrelatedness of social, political, economic, cultural, and natural factors unique to each nation. This individual tailored approach to development is time consuming, but it is a critical component of truly tackling the issue of development. This approach to development relies on the disintegration of globalization. The needs of many countries do not align with capitalist polices, and thus undermine the concept of a globalized capitalist market. My plan relies on an individual country-by-country development plan.

Economic development refers to adoption of mechanisms that improve the economy well-being as well as the quality of life. Economic development captures the current situation and evaluates the methods useful for fostering growth that will preserve the quality of economy in future generations. Methods involved include globalization, proper utilization of natural resources, democracies, investment in health and agricultural technologies and creation of effective international institutions. An increase in gross domestic product is therefore important in assessment of economic development. However political problems affect international economic relations. To shape the world economy, several themes are applied on analytical, cultural and theoretical perspective. The paper will focus on readings with a comparative analysis on evaluation of the theme’s strengths and weakness to provide an insight on economic development.

Afterwards, the authors proceed to define the term ‘development’ using quotes and statements from a few other authors. But, the central idea of development, no matter how the definition may be worded, takes into account the themes of process and condition, or the change of condition. In addition, when regarding the immediate era after the war, development relied on economic growth of a country measured by its Gross National Product (GNP) (221). The Gross National Product, according to Encyclopedia Britannica, is the “total market value of the final goods and services produced by a nation’s economy during a specific period of time (usually a year), computed before allowance is made for the depreciation or consumption of capital used in the process of production” (Encyclopedia Britannica).

According to the interactive map corresponding to the latest human development report, more developed areas in the world are Europe, North America, most countries in South America, North part of Asia, North part of Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea and Malaysia. Most countries in Africa and South part of Asia are considered as less developed areas. On the line graph we can see an upward trend in development for most of the countries. Moreover, some countries have been developing faster then others such as Korea, China (Hong Kong), Spain, France, Germany, Iran, Malaysia, Tunisia, Egypt, Singapore, India, Morocco and Norway – the most advanced country in the world; in contrast, the development of Greece, United Arab