Importance Of Cerebral Circulation

Cerebral vascular accident or a stroke is the destruction of brain substance, resulting from thrombosis, intracranial hemorrhage, or embolism, which causes vascular insufficiency. In addition, it is an area of the brain denied blood and oxygen that is required and damage is done to a part of the cells. The effect of the patient depends upon where the damage occurs and the severity of the stroke.

A stroke is a type of cardiovascular disease that affects the cerebral arteries, those blood vessels that carry blood to the brain. A stroke occurs when one of those blood vessels in the brain is obstructed or ruptures flooding the brain with blood. Depriving blood and oxygen to the brain results in those immediate cells death, causing the brain not to function properly. Once parts of the brain stop functioning, it can directly affect the areas of the body controlled (1).

In the human, the right common carotid artery branches from the brachiocephalic artery, whereas the left common

When an artery in the brain is block (ie; TIA) open collateral vessels can allow blood to

Cerebrovascular accidents, or strokes, will lead to brain damage that affects the functioning of executive function, memory, language, visuospatial performance and emotional states. Corresponding vertebral arteries and carotid arteries provide blood to the brain from the heart that the carotid arteries are internal and external sections of the thyroid cartilage. Where the optic nerve rests the internal artery distributes into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. The vertebral arteries arise through the spinal vertebrae and meet the lower pons to form the basilar artery. The brain receives 15% to 20% of the oxygenated blood from the heart and can only endure fleeting interruptions of blood flow before neural operations

The brain is supplied with blood by two internal carotid arteries and two vertebral arteries. These arteries form the anastomosis known as the Circle of Willis. In 1951, two researchers, McDonald and Potter demonstrated that, "the blood supply to half of the

A stroke is a condition which is characterised as loss of brain functioning due to an interruption in the blood flow to the brain (Buzzard, 2013, pg. 5). There are two types of strokes, ischaemic and hemorrhagic strokes (Buzzard, 2013, pg. 6). Ischaemic strokes are the most common type of stroke (Gomes & Wachsman, 2013). This type of stroke occurs due to an insufficient flow of blood to the brain, which is usually caused by an artery blockage (Gomes & Wachsman, 2013). Hemorrhagic strokes are due to hypertension and may be caused by medical problems or blood vessel abnormalities (Gomes & Wachsman, 2013). The strokes severity and location of the brain that is affected determines the impact of the stroke in an individual (Gomes & Wachsman, 2013).(Gomes, 2013)

The topic assigned to me for the health paper is cerebrovascular disease, which is a stroke. Cerebrovascular is really two words combined. Cerebro is the largest part in the brain and vascular is termed as veins and arteries. From those two terms, one can interpret that this disease has to deal with the blood flow that goes on in the brain. According to the Association of Neurological surgeons, cerebrovascular disease is defined as the any disorder that is in the brain is either permanently or temporarily affected by bleeding and even by ischemia (AANS, 2005). It states, “ Cerebrovascular disease includes stroke, carotid stenosis, vertebral stenosis and intracranial stenosis, aneurysms, and vascular malformations” (AANS, 2005). When this

oxygen. The brain can be deprived oxygen either by a blockage such as a blood clot, or the

Your carotid arteries are blood vessels in your neck that carry blood up to your brain and face. Your common carotid arteries enter your neck on both the left and right side before splitting into an internal and external carotid. The internal carotid is the most important as this is the one that carries blood to your brain.

When the blood supply to you brain decreases and oxygen is not delivered it could cause a Stroke. The brain cells die within minutes if oxygen is not delivered to the brain tissue. If you a suffering a stroke you should seek immediate medical attention. Immediate treatment is critical because it can lessen brain damage and possible problems. In order to avoid having stroke you have to control your cholesterol, blood pressure, and smoking. Strokes can be prevented and treated. (Stroke, 2011).

The carotid arteries are the two main arteries on either side of the neck. They supply blood to the brain. Carotid artery disease, also called carotid artery stenosis, is the narrowing or blockage of one or both carotid arteries. Carotid artery disease increases your risk for a stroke or a transient ischemic attack (TIA). A TIA is an episode in which a waxy, fatty substance that accumulates within the artery (plaque) blocks blood flow to the brain. A TIA is considered a "warning stroke."

Cerebral aneurysms are pathological localized enlargements of weak blood vessels in the brain that balloon and fill with blood. These blood vessels can then rupture, sending blood out of the blood vessel and into the rest of the brain. The damage done by this resulting hemorrhage in the brain can be fatal. The resulting damage is deadly in 50% of cases with 10,000 deaths due to the rupturing of cerebral aneurysms in the United States and 500,000 worldwide each year (1).

The majority of the vessels that supply the brain with blood derive from the cerebral atrial circle. The cerebral atrial circle is also known as the circle of Willis and it is found at the base of the brain around the pituitary gland. The circle of Willis is composed of arteries and crucial to cerebral circulation; the arteries which comprise the circle are as follows: the anterior cerebral artery, the anterior communicating artery, the internal carotid artery, the posterior cerebral artery, the posterior communicating artery, and the basilar artery. The internal carotid and vertebral arteries carry blood to the brain. In the cranial cavity the vertebral arteries bind to form a basilar artery which forms the right and left of the cerebral

The brain is permeated by a vast network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries- so tiny and thin that blood cells have to pass through in single file. In the brain alone there are enough capillaries that if you laid them all out end to end they would stretch from Tucson to Tijuana.