Importance Of Public Parks In The Modern City

In “New Axioms for Reading the Landscape: Paying Attention to Political Economy and Social Justice,” Don Mitchell incorporates old ideas from Peirce F. Lewis’s original “Axioms for Reading the Landscape.” At the same time, Mitchell includes new ideas into his axioms. In Axiom 1, he explains that “the landscape is not produced through ‘our unwitting autobiography’ (as Lewis describes it), but as an act of (social, not individual) will” (2007, 34). He also stresses the idea that landscape should be produced as a commodity. In contrast, Neil Smith explains the main causes behind gentrification. Smith explains how gentrification happens through a process which he calls “rent gap” (1979, 545). In gentrification, the landscape is a commodity because it loses and gains monetary value through disinvestment and investment.

Public spaces are the achievement of urban societies where people can get urban experience very intensive and lively, offering experiences and possibilities for action. They are important spaces because they have potential for play, a potential which as Stevens believes is almost neglected:

Or, was it because the parkways were considered to be another factor adding to the congestion in the city? Or, the financial concerns of the project were immensely overwhelming for it be turned down by the developers? Nonetheless, Hise and Deverell do show us the positive side of this inhumane corrupt elite behavior of the developers and political entrepreneurs and that they did struggle to improve the urban environment. This book explains essentially where we are today in the Los Angeles and such cities which lack the presence of usable parks, ironically by centering on what to avoid and what actually didn't happen. To complete it, I would say it is strange that even today, many of the same issues that beleaguered us about a century ago, still hang

Public streets provide not only the transportation, but the vitality, attraction, and interaction in a city. A willingness to walk on and use the streets is essential to businesses, and to the life and economic success of a city. Robert Teir, Maintaining Safety and Civility in Public Spaces: A Constitutional Approach to Aggressive Begging, 54 La. L. Rev. 285, 288 (1993). However, these social catalysts only exist if public spaces are viewed as desirable and attractive. Id. at 289. Unfortunately, when parks or sidewalks are a place of frequent intimidation and intrusion, they become a place not to be sought out, but rather to be avoided. Citizens and visitors begin to think twice about taking their children to the park or square, or taking a walk to the lake, the coffee shop, or the corner store, due to the unwillingness to want to face solicitors because of the frequent intimidation, intrusion, and oftentimes violent and coercive nature of panhandling. Because panhandling threatens the community, as well as personal security, it must be regulated in order to maintain attractive and secure public spaces. Id. at

The experiment of the city needs some fine-tuning. Social reformers from all different stripes come out in full force to correct some of these urban problems. One of these campaigns is for the establishment of parks and its close cousin the playground. Landscape architect Charles Eliot whose work heavily influences the Boston Metropolitan Park System strongly pushes a park system to combat the growing urban

Welcome to Genezon, a city of 650-thousand people located in northwest Italy. We have created a city that not only maximizes safety and provides almost endless amounts of resources, but also a city that keeps in mind the happiness of the everyday citizen. Public space provides a plethora of benefits if used correctly, however, in the increasingly digital society, precise utilization will be key to success. Now in 2138, we have not only developed Genezon to be an independent, safe, and technologically advanced metropolis but also a culture-, society- and person-orientated public space experience.

New York City is just like every other major city in the United States. New York City crime rate is the main reason why people are moving out of the city that they call home. American’s believe that a civil decent society is a place where they can receive an education, and have access to things in life such a life, liberty and freedom. According to United States of America (1994), Public spaces are among New York City’s greatest assets. The city’s parks, playgrounds, streets, avenues, stoops and plazas are the forums that make possible the sense of vitality, excitement, and community that are the pulse of urban life. As time goes by these places have be ruined by environment problems such as eye sore graffiti, prostitution, unnecessary panhandling and people in the street intoxicated. When a city have these types of problems, the citizen feel as if they cannot protect their children because of the environment. Fear caused by disorder makes people leave the cities and communities that they reside in.

Parks have been around for many years. They truly have impacted not only suburbs, but they have majorly impacted cities. Without the invention of parks it would be hard to escape city life. Cities are still changing from what they used to be and how they are designed. However the future of the parks is unsure due to funding and lack of maintenance. The first idea of a park was from William Penn in 1682. He created a plan for Philadelphia to have five areas of park - like land. Then James Oglethorpe had an idea in 1733 for Savannah. He established a system, where neighborhoods were revolved around a square (Schuyler, 2015). The first recorded urban park was Fairmount Gardens. It was created in 1812, in Philadelphia when they constructed their waterworks. The park first started off at five acres, surrounding the waterworks. The park had become so popular that in 1828 they expanded it to twenty-eight acres. In 1850, Lemon Hill and Sedgley estates were added to Fairmount, which made the popularity of the park increase. People thought the park site was chosen because of the class of people that lived there, but that was not the case. The land was chosen because it was too elevated. Since the land was so elevated that made it too hard to build and expensive to build anything there or to build roads on that kind of land (Schuyler, 2015). Parks then became very popular in cities. William Cullen Bryant and Andrew Jackson Downing became the faces

Urban parks are a natural area with many functions, and are closely related to the lives of urban residents. They are not only the basis of urban greening, but also an important devotee of natural resources conservation.

I believe most if not all cities should have a public dog park. Since I was nine years old I have always owned a dog. I have lived the city all of my life as well. Living in the city there is many apartment buildings with little to no yard space. To keep a healthy and friendly dog the dog needs exercise and play dates. Because most pet owners in the city have no yard space for these activities. a public dog park is the perfect solution.

Safer conditions for everyone. It is important we keep pets healthy both physically and mentally, a dog park can do both. Dogs need exercise to stay healthy, in the area 68% of residents live in rental units an a quarter of those are apartments, can you imagine living your whole life in a small apartment only going out once or twice a day? Yet we expect our dogs to live like that. When animals do not get the proper exercise it can cause a starin on them mentaly resuluting in behavioral issues including barking and bitting acordigng to the ASPCA, this can put people at risk even young children. A reports states that dog-bites went down 36,000 per year in new york after allowing off-leash parks, That was potintaily 36,000 law suits right there that are elimantaed just by alowing dogs to get proper exercise. Exercise also reduces barking making it a more peasent

Cities are generators of economic life and source of changes in the world. Thereby, Jane Jacobs in her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities puts into relief the role of cities on the social and economic levels, while denouncing the disastrous consequences of urban renewal programs. To that extent, in chapters 2 and 3, she discusses "The Uses of Sidewalks”, arguing that over all people need safety and trust in their city. Therefore, first she claims the necessity of keeping streets and sidewalks safe because they are the “vital organs” of cities (29). Secondly, she argues that the functioning of cities should be organized in order to foster human interaction in which “casual public

This suggests that when land is not privately owned, and each private owner responsible, there will be at least one public user who neglects his responsibilities of nurturing and caring for the common parks, rivers, and pastures. Sadly, there will always be irresponsible users who take advantage of the privilege to use the common resources while neglecting to preserve and nurture them. I witness this irresponsibility on a regular basis while walking down the street or enjoying beautiful parks. When users of the commons neglect their individual responsibilities, parks are left smothered in trash, rivers that were once sparkling are suffocated with oil, and pastures are destroyed with over use and over population. With misuse of the commons, views that were once breathtaking in beauty are now breathtaking in stench and disgust.

Public parks are a beautiful place to study, walk a dog, go jogging, write an economics paper, and do countless other things: but who pays for these public works? The answer lies in Frederic Bastiat's essay, That Which is Seen and That Which is Not Seen. Basiat’s essay, published in 1848, discusses the subject of public works in chapter five and the topic stays relevant in today’s economy. Including roads, parks, and other areas that are open to the public, Bastiat addresses both the importance of what is seen through the funding of public works and what goes unseen.

Space that is documented and utilized by humans, whether directly or indirectly, takes on a basic level of social utility and cultural construction. As Elias Canetti would suggest, the prospect of touch carries with it the risk of being taken and subsequently assimilated or digested (1). The predecessors to the first great urban parks in the United States, namely country estates, cemeteries, and town squares or plazas, all contribute some aesthetic and related ideological basis for a newly emerging discourse of urban parks. Parks were seen as the “poor-man’s countryside,” in reference to the country estates of the wealthy. Also, cemeteries were the first naturalistic open spaces consistently built within urban boundaries. The idea of the commons and town square is perhaps the most telling predecessor of the city park.