3.1 Introduction
Chamomile and yarrow are both medicinal plants cultivated all over the world in an effort to determine the main active compounds from plant materials. The main factors that influence plant growth and development are temperature, light, and plant date. An extensive amount of studies have been done on the effect of controlled conditions on the growth of in vitro and in vivo chamomile and yarrow cultures (Giorgi et al., 2014; Mohammad et al., 2010).
Date of planting and ages of seedling had significant effects on chamomile morphological characterizations. The maximum values for plant spread, plant height, and shoots produced, number of branches production and the diameter of flower heads was observed from 15th April compared to 1st May, 15th May and 30th May. Nevertheless, all measurement characteristics were not significantly affected by the ages of seedling except for, plant spread and plant height at transplanting. The highest plant spreads were obtained after 30 days of seedlings, whereas the maximum plant heights were examined after 90 days of seedlings (Mohammad et al., 2010).
On the other hand, growing season and light environment were two factors which strongly affected all growth parameters of yarrow during different growing seasons. The fresh and dry weight of stem/leaf ratio, the leaves and the fresh weight of inflorescence were mainly influenced by light conditions (Giorgi et al., 2014). The greatest development of leaves, stem/leaf ratio and
The hypothesis behind this experiment is that the Gibberellic acid has a positive growth effect on the plant and causes it grow larger in height.
When planting a seed, many factors allow the seed to grow and become a plant. To sprout from the ground, and to survive, seeds need water, air, and a certain temperature. Seeds can get water, oxygen, and sun by being placed at the proper planting depth. Planting depth is the depth at which a seed is placed in the soil. If a seed is exposed to these important needs, it goes through a process called germination. According to the Wise Geek article, “What is Germination?”, “Germination is a process in which a seed or spore awakens from dormancy and starts to sprout.” (“What is Germination?”).
Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy to chemical energy into sugars. It is the process in plants that uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight from its surroundings and releases oxygen as a byproduct (6H2O+6CO2+light energy -> C6H12O6+6O2). Photosynthesis is required for plants because they are autotrophs, organisms that make their own food. Plants require a specific environment that is ideal to them to be able to carry out the process. Environmental conditions can either increase or decrease the rate of photosynthesis. Things like colors of light, pH, and temperature can all affect the rate of photosynthesis in plants.
However, for each quad, the fertilizer used for the control was added altogether with the fertilizers being studied. Since the only plant that presented growth was in the control quad, it becomes necessary to explore the effects of excess fertilizers, and furthermore, excess nitrogen, would have in the development of the fast plants. Although Nitrogen is one of the elements most living organisms require, some studies have showed high levels of nitrogen can cause toxic stress to some plants, to the point where growth can be inhibited. (Yu et al.
4. After 5 days, measure the height of the 10 plants in each pot. Add up the individual heights and divide by 10 to obtain the average height. Record the average heights in a table, as shown below.
1. Take a paper towel and cut out two circles that are the same size as the base of the petri dishes.
Throughout this experiment, we are researching the effect on the growth and survival of Wisconsin Fast Plants using fertilizer pellets to help with the growth of the plants. Wisconsin Fast Plants is a plant member of the crucifer family which is related to other plants (vegetables) such as cabbage, broccoli, turnips, etc. This plants are small and can grow very easily because they go through their cell cycle around 40 days. Wisconsin Fast Plants Fertilizers are different materials used that can provide plants with the nutrients it need to grow. (1) These plants are a good model system to study because they grew very quickly and didn’t need a lot of resources to grow making them the perfect plant to use for studies. (4) By using the fertilizers,
A plant's growth ability is dependent on its ability to acquire the resources it needs to survive. Competition such as interspecific and intraspecific, limiting resources, and population density affect the fitness level of a plant. This experiment was conducted in order to test the capability of collards and radishes to grow in manipulated densities under interspecific and intraspecific competition. I hypothesized that both collard and radish plants will grow more efficiently in single species pots under low-density conditions. I also hypothesized that in the mixed species plots the radishes will be more fit to survive and grow better than the collard plants in both the high and low-density pots. Both high and low density and single and mixed species plots were planted and results were observed. There was a significant
The second step of the experiment was to soak the seeds in water overnight. This action was made to prepare the seeds for germination and making them more softer and less rigid. The seeds were placed in a bowl and were covered by tin foil. It was set up on the refrigerator to minimize any outside interference that may come to it. After a full night of absorbing the water, the seeds were ready to start the next stage.
In my experiment, there are many different variables that are being altered and controlled. My independent variable is the type of coffee used including, light, medium, and dark roast, decaffeinated, and gluten free. Following that, my dependent variable is the amount of plant growth. The type of seeds, coffee maker, pot and soil will all be controlled throughout the experiment, as well as the location of growth, and the ratio of water to coffee added daily. I hypothesised that the coffee with the highest pH and most caffeine, or light roast, will display the most growth. This is due to the fact that caffeine contains ingredients like potassium and phosphorous, which are known to enhance plant growth. In fact ,”Many consumers assume that the
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of water temperature and exposure on seed germination. Germination is a process of when a seed begins to grow or develop into a seedling from an angiosperm or gymnosperm. Majority of plants come from seeds and since there are many different types of seeds, some have different times of germination. Sweet corn seeds, watermelon seeds and green bean seeds were tested to see if seed germination is altered by long-term exposure to water of different temperatures. Sweet corn seeds, watermelon seeds and green bean seeds were placed into a 16-ounce labeled cup containing 5 seeds of each. About 8 ounces of purified water was poured into each cup. The three cups were placed into different water temperatures: hot (85 degrees F), room temperature (60 degrees F), and cold
Endomycorrhizas are Mycorrhizae that penetrate the roots of most vascular land plants. These form a symbiotic relationship with the host plant, generally helping the plant survive competitive environments (mostly noticed in tropical regions) while accepting assistance from the plant in the fungus’ uptake of carbohydrates. An experiment was performed to show the difference of growth rate between a mycotrophic plant (chicory) and a non-mycotrophic plant (buckwheat) when grown in controlled conditions comparing a live Mycorrhizae media versus a sterile media, in competitive and non-competitive scenarios. After planting the seeds following the experiment design protocols, the following predictions were made; 1) The chicory will grow better in both live and killed single species vessels, and 2) The plants grown solo will do better than the ones in the presence of competitors. After 71 days of growth, all samples were harvested and biomasses recorded. The results indicate the first prediction to be true and the second to be mostly true, possibly accrediting the difference to random error. In addition, the results indicate the non-mycotrophic plant buckwheat, to grow better in the presence of competition.
In this experiment, I tested the theory of how light would affect the growth of a bean plant. According to gardenguides.com, lack of light is detrimental to plant growth.”Plants that don't get enough light don't have the resources they require, and fail to bloom or fruit.” It is also stated that every plant will need a different strength of sunlight such as full sun, partial sun, or indirect sunlight (also known as full shade). Plants that receive inadequate amounts of sunlight will not thrive.The reasoning behind this is due to a process called Photosynthesis, stated in gardeningknowhow.com. Photosynthesis is a chemical process which converts energy in the form of light into a chemical energy which is a vital food source for plants to thrive.
The Effect of Light Intensity and Temperature on the Rate of Photosynthesis Aim The aim of my experiment is to determine whether intensity of light and temperature would affect the rate of photosynthesis in a plant. To do this, I will place a piece of pondweed in varying light intensities and temperatures, and observe the amount of oxygen being given off. I am using pondweed because of its unusual quality of giving off bubbles of gas from a cut end, when placed in water. Introduction Photosynthesis occurs only in the presence of light, and takes place in the chloroplasts of green plant cells.
A plant is any of the boundless number of living beings within the biological kingdom Plantae, these species are considered of low motility since this species generally generate their own food by sunlight. They incorporate a large group of commonplace life forms including trees, forbs, bushes, grasses, vines, plants, and greeneries. In this task we are experimenting the relationship between light and plant growth by growing plants in three different lights which are red light, blue light and white light. As I stated above that plants generate their own food by sunlight. Sunlight can be broken up by a prism into respective colors of red, blue, orange, yellow, green, indigo, violet and white. All this lights have specific