Important Function Of The Bha

Hydraulic fracturing is also known as “fracking” is a technique which involves drilling down, then horizontally as far as 10,000 feet below the surface to release natural gasses stored in the sedimentary rock known as Shale. The channel is then encased with concrete or occasionally steel to allow millions of gallons of water to be injected into the wellbore. Most water used in fracking comes from surface water sources such as rivers, lakes, or other accessible bodies of water nearby. Not only is there water being funneled into the wellbore, but also a mixture of sand and other chemicals. When the high-pressure mixture is injected underground it fractures the Shale around the wellbore and creates fissures. The fissures are then held open with

The extraction of natural gas requires a borehole which is dug down to the deep shale formation. After the hole is dug, a steel pipe is inserted into the borehole where it is encased with cement on the outer perimeter of the pipe. A perforation gun is lowered into the cement-encased piping. Using an explosive, the perforation gun perforates the casing and puts initial fractures into the shale at targeted locations. The shale is fractured further by inserting fracking fluids, which consists of 98% water and sand, plus 2% proprietary fluids. The fracking fluids are pushed down into the wellbore and pressurized to 3000 psi causing the initial fracture to spread in the shale, along the shale natural fracture lines. The sand in the fracking fluids keeps the created fractures open which allows the gas from the shale pores to flow into the casing and then to the surface, where it is collected.

Finally, the drill is shut, and the fracking fluid is pumped into the underground layers and sealed there.

Once the well reaches the right depth, it turns right or left and becomes horizontal. This is called the kick off point. The horizontal section can span anywhere from 1,000 to 6,000 feet. The drill is removed but the surrounding steel casing remains. These steel casings are meant to protect the groundwater and the surrounding area from any potential leakage during the fracking process. Down at the horizontal section of the well, little holes are punctured through the steel in thousands of spots. Then, a water solution is pumped at a extremely high pressure down the well. This causes tons of cracks and fissures in the rock. Additives and sand in the water mixture hold the cracks open, allowing oil to escape and be brought up to the surface.

All drills require all the necessary items mentioned before. The first drill is called the walk-through drill. This drill helps with the separation of the hands and legs to create power for the ball. What you do is place the ball on the tee, line up your body, and take two steps right from your current position. Start by taking a step towards the tee with your left foot.

With the age of constant industrial and technological growth has come the necessity for not only cost effective and efficient methods for industry, but also the need for obtaining fuel for the machines that make the modern world possible. Oil has become as precious a commodity as gold, if not more so; its attainments constantly driving the world's largest businesses and governments across the world into action. Naturally, a "quick-fix" solution to this problem is constantly sought after by oil companies wishing to provide oil on a massive scale. One of these drilling methods is known as induced hydraulic fracturing (also known as fracking).

After this, small holes are made in the horizontal bit of the well pipe, through which a mixture of water (90 percent), sand (9.5 percent) and other chemicals (0.5 percent) are pumped at high pressure to create micro-fractures in the rock that are held open by the grains of sand. The other chemicals play a number of roles, including helping to prevent pipe corrosion, this is a great

Drilled and tapped based were forwarded to assembly by forklift truck, in wire-bound pallets holding bout 400 bases. This requires five forklift trips to move on "packet-release" quantity to assembly. (See question 1)

After it has drilled a while deeper another casing is placed to further protect the groundwater from the natural gas and oil which is to be soon produced. Vertically the drill may dig as deep as 4,500 to 7,500 feet.

The first step in hydraulic fracturing is drilling the actual well and then inserting a steel pipe into the wellbore. The steel pipe is pierced so that the fluid that is pushed through can penetrate into the target zones where the oil or gas is located ("Hydraulic Fracturing 101," n.d.). These kinds of wells can be drilled thousands of feet below

Before starting the process of fracking the drilling site must be suitable. The site must be four to six acres, cleared from large equipment, and have plastic lines placed for drilling waste . In addition, their must be a water impoundment with about 4 million gallons of water that is collected and stored in order to be pumped into the well. This water is transferred by tanks, trucks, or plastic-lined ponds . Hydraulic fracturing processes begins by drilling a vertical well. The drilling goes through aquifers and dozens of geological layers before it reaches desired location of shale rocked believed to contain natural gas. The drill begins drilling horizontally and a production casing is then inserted into the borehole which is surrounded by cement to case it. Next, a perforating gun is fired to make the shale rock more penetrable. A mixture of water, sand, and various undisclosed chemicals are then pumped in at high pressure in order to fracture/break the shale for the gas to escape. After the fissures in the shale rock occur the natural gas is released through the fissures and is taken up the well to the surface. Last, the water byproduct, also referred to as flow back water or produced water is released and travels back to the surface. The gas that is collected is then processed, refined, and shipped to distributors

Casing Drive technology is available to all top drive-equipped drilling rigs. This means that all advantages of top drive equipment ensures a streamlined operational process when drilling casing operations.

E- Hydraulic Fracturing is a process where natural gas is recovered from deep layers inside the earth by injecting sand, water and chemicals at a high pressure into subterranean rocks and boreholes to recover this natural gas. In this process a shaft is drilled into the earth and after a several hundred meters a horizontal hole is drilled into the rocks containing this natural gas. The mixture of fluid is now pumped in (sand,water and chemicals) and the natural gas can be recovered after the fluid has served its purpose. The drill hole is then sealed and the fracking fluid is pumped and sealed in deep underground areas.

For the past few years, I directed my research towered development of mechanical systems and devices for oil and gas industries. The research involve modeling the downhole assembly and fabricating systems/setups and mechanisms to imitate deep drilling (high temperature and high pressure drilling

The shaft collar is a simple type of packing in an automobile, but it is very important to the machine. This component is found in many places like transmission and is mostly thought to