IMPROVEMENTS TO HIGH FREQUENCY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN SRI LANKA NAVY FOR BETTER PERFORMANCES
INTRODUCTION
1. The High Frequency (HF) radio band is defined as the range of frequencies in the radio spectrum between 3 and 30 megahertz . Military organizations have used HF radios for both strategic and tactical communications for more than 80 years. However with the development of satellite communications (SatCom) use of HF communication were de-emphasized and fell in to disuse. In contrast to this importance of HF communication still existing for military applications. The militaries around the world must have a robust long range communication system that does not rely on existing communication infrastructure in emergencies, since the satellite comms and other comms infrastructure will present most lucrative targets for the enemy.
2. At present Sri Lanka Navy (SLN) use VHF and UHF line of sigh (LOS) systems for its tactical communications ranges up to 50Nm from transmitting (TX) stations, beyond this range SLN is compelled to use satCom systems to contact its fleet at sea. However this method is very expensive and voice call charges of satellite comm are beyond 500.00 Rs per minute, besides all the ships and craft of SLN fleet were not equipped with SatCom facilities. Furthermore the Inmarsat system which SLN use to connect with her fleet is a commercial system which controlled by a company this fact also raises security concerns.
3. SLN use two methods to meet this
This example focuses on the use of satellite networking, to broadcast the signal from the satellite, to the ground station. This type of technology involves the use of Zigbee at small distances, and WiMax for greater distances.
The previous years of the beginning World War I, the military technology produced an enormous firepower that made the 20th century’s western armies capable to set up advantageous positions, and during the course of the war, tanks, artillery and infantry weapons, aircraft, battleship, and gas were decisive solutions. For example, Knox and Murray state that in 1917 air force was a very important power in both Britain and Germany, which provided them not only the reconnaissance to reconnoiter enemy positions but also artillery observation to support the bombing missions by enhancing its attack and coordinating ground-air operations. Due to today’s progress in technologies since World War I has acquainted with, military is able to conduct fight by using advanced technologies in the uncertain and complex environment whether in defensive or offensive positions that enhance the speed and quality of combat, as well as the basic combat value of an individual warrior. In today’s warfare, similarly World War I, military forces use last advanced weaponries and unmanned aircrafts to provide air operations in terms of intelligence and reconnaissance and to continue their combat role by attacking high-value targets. For instance, in today’s conflicts such as Afghanistan and Iraq the unmanned aerial vehicles play the same
ATC has many functioning sub-units acting in concert to complete a common goal, but for the purposes of this paper, we will focus on the HC-144 platform. The HC-144 program is currently short seven personnel (E-4 to E-6) according to what the PAL requires any unit to support four aircraft. If
The high mobility of the Stinger and Avenger missile system make it an excellent last line of defense for short range aviation threats up to 5-6 kilometers away, and the heat seeking capabilities which it carries make it highly accurate and easy to utilize (Moya, 1997). The current weapons system being utilized in defense of high range targets is the Patriot Missile system which utilizes a 90 kilogram warhead. This system must be emplaced; however is still more mobile than Air Defense systems of the past. It is electronically guided by the movement of the target, or manually by the mobile engagement control center, and has a maximum range of 70 km which can be reached in 3.5 minutes, and a maximum altitude of 24 km (Patriot Missile Long-Range Air-Defense System,
The need for accurate and timely intelligence is essential to intelligence collection. The military continues research to improve near real-time intelligence platform. The end state is to minimize the amount of time between collection and analysis. After the Vietnam War, the National Security Agency found the need for a mobile communications intelligence (COMINT) platform . A platform that could communicate with ground stations. RC-12 Guardrail (GR) would forever change how the military collected COMINT.
The selection of satellites bands with wider frequencies allows a variety of information to travel and decreases the limitation of usage by the users. The Ka-Band (26-40GHz) the communication satellites provides high resolution, close ranges targeting radar on military crafts(TIA,2013). The current suggestion of band would be the Ka-Band (26-40GHz) the communication satellites allows high resolution, close ranges that support strong military functions(TIA,2013). advancements to the developing concept, identify leverage over the other choices, utilizing Ka-bands do propose substantiated risks however, it is still operable (Lewis, 2014). Users offering themselves a band with wider frequency means information can transfer swiftly whereas, a smaller frequency could offer more accuracy but limits the user capability. All forums offer positive attribute and consequential attributes but overall the assessment has to be made by the operation leader. As technology develops engineers are developing ideal that are properly modified to support the needs of the community and excel in
Apart from the Marine Corps, the new generation of United States Army officers has been increasingly attracted by mechanistic and technological solutions to the multifaceted problems emanating from war. According to several senior officers, computer technology advances and evolving communication systems will permit the United States military to identify and destroy everything within the broad range of the battlefield. In some cases, the advances have
In Disney’s movie, The Lion King, the manipulative and envious lion, Scar, represents the villain archetype because of several scenes throughout the movie where he is representing the archetype. Near the beginning of the film, Scar attempts to trick the innocent and naive hero, Simba, to go beyond the kingdom of Pride rock, and into the dangerous Elephant graveyard. The Elephants Graveyard is designed to look dangerous with giant elephant bones, and hungry hyenas lurking in the shadows of the bones of animals who had made the mistake by trespassing. Scar’s dark mane, yellow jealous eyes, and his clever manipulative antics are designed to make the viewers fear Scar and comprehend how he is the villain of the film.
With the increased communications, radar findings could be announced to the whole fleet and its commanders. Increasing the pre-battle intelligence by increasing communication, commanders could use the radar finding and direct ships and aircraft
One night my mom said, “Miranda come down here I have something to tell you!”
Project Abstract: The following is a discussion of the application of Army Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) capabilities which are employed in order to enhance the targeting and effects of the Ar-my’s Cyber Electromagnetic Activities (CEMA) Sections. The aim is to address how the assimila-tion of assets, programs, and capabilities currently available to the Army SIGINT Community by the Army CEMA Sections could significantly enhance their ability to conduct and execute the war-time mission, thereby enhancing the commanders’ understanding of the enemy’s tactical use of the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS). This, in effect, would also reduce the time invested in acquiring EMS specific information and increase the precision and execution of Electronic Attack (EA), Elec-tronic Protect (EP), and Electronic Warfare Support (ES) by strengthening and
The missile system reduced Scud annoyance and effectiveness. Patriot’s mission to counteract air born threats was an overall success. This war was a major demonstration of U.S. air defense capability. Although every fire did not successfully destroy its target, it exemplified extraordinary accuracy. The Patriot world is continuously evolving. Modifications to the software has been made, and today’s system has multiple intercept mechanisms. PAC 2 in no longer the only source of air defense capability. The PAC 3, a more sophisticated missile defense system, has a more accurate interception rate. A growing technology, and it will continue to expand in the future, air defense is here to
The U.S. military is very vulnerable to the potentially devastating effects of solar flares during the solar maximum cycle. The military relies on the accuracy of its electronic equipment for communications, ballistic missile early warning, navigation, weather prediction,
Abstract—Free Space Optics (FSO) is one of the most promising new access technologies. FSO provides the transmission of data with unlimited bandwidth. The atmospheric attenuation is caused by two main factors absorption and scattering. This paper investigates a performance study of free space optics channel for variable wavelengths 850 nm, 950 nm and 1550 nm at distance range of 1 km. The simulation reports minimum BER for NRZ-OOK modulation technique at different receiver diameters in presence of fog, rain and humidity attenuation. The results shows how to improve the system to achieve minimum BER and maximize the power received that can be detect at distance 1 km.
Internal military communication platforms can be used to disseminate information within a unit or organization so others can readily find information in a timely manner. Commanders and leaders also use it as way to pass information to subordinates so they will have the information they need to stay abreast on current unit/organizational events. I think the main reason the Army uses this