Inadequate Sanitary Facilities At Dhaka Water And Sewerage Authority ( Dwasa ) Essay

Noise from heavy machinery and vehicles can cause hearing problems and in extreme cases, deafness. More and more noise is the creation of modern civilization and has now become a major environmental pollutant, specially in urban areas. The most notable effect of noise pollution is on hearing. It may cause total loss of hearing that may result in the reduction of worker’s efficiency.

Due to its physical characteristics (no odor, no color, and no flavor), arsenic exposure is often unnoticed, especially when ingested through drinking water. Therefore, the key to prevention of Dermatofibroma is understand the risk factors whether environment such as chronic arsenic exposure due to the ingestion of naturally-contaminated water, groundwater contamination due to leaching of arsenic from rocks and soil frequently results in concentrations above 50 mcg/L, which are associated with carcinogenesis in humans. Occupational exposure via inhalation of arsenic-containing vapors occurs during smelting, mining, refining, electroplating, and manufacturing of decorative-glass, pesticides, gallium arsenide computer microchips, and pressure-treated wood. Documented regions with natural groundwater arsenic contamination include Millard County, Utah; Lane County, Oregon; Lassen County, California; Fallon, Nevada; Fairbanks, Alaska; and New Hampshire, also persons living in the southwestern United States are at higher risk for being exposed to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water. (Sarina B Elmariah MD PhD, Robert Anolik MD, Ruth F Walters MD, Karla Rosenman MD, Miriam K Pomeranz MD, Miguel R Sanchez MD, Dermatology Online Journal 14 (10): DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13092 24 19 July 2015, Invasive squamous-cell carcinoma and arsenical keratosis.). There currently is no concrete clinical-pathological evidence

With all the contaminations of our drinking water people are greatly affected on a daily basis. People expose to a lot of diseases such as cholera, stomach viruses and this severe cases this can even lead to death. The death rates in developing counties are at its highest right now. Human are not only the ones affected animals also suffer the consequences of our ignorance example a herbicide call Atrazina which is use to kill weeds is said to be found most in or drinking water, streams and rivers is said to be responsible for the low sperm count in animals, such as fish and frogs, often times become cross gender and in most cases may result into death. Studies have also

The impending crisis in India would be a good opportunity to study the effects of the poison and perhaps show the rest of the world the importance of awareness and spark them into action. Arsenic is a destructive element that must be contained and controlled. Up until now, few individuals know much about the impacts of arsenic. This is shocking since it is a element that will undoubtedly influence the lives of many individuals on this planet in the following couple of

While nitrates are one of the major contaminants in the area, San Joaquin Valley residents face drinking water pollution from many other sources including arsenic, coliform bacteria, and pesticides. Arsenic is a naturally occurring semi-metal element that is found in different types of rocks. While arsenic primarily occurs naturally, human activities impact the amount of arsenic in groundwater. Arsenic is not only toxic at high concentrations, but also harmful after prolonged exposure at moderately elevated levels. California recognizes arsenic as a human carcinogen and believes prolonged exposure to the element to be associated with various cancers, including skin, bladder, kidney, lung, and liver cancers. A study in Maine found a connection between water contaminated

This ticks Indonesia as a country with poor sanitation and hygiene. It is said to everyone in Indonesia that it is recommended that people should not drink out of rivers as they are contaminated with chemicals as the deputy minister of Indonesia's water said that companies have been releasing Mercury into rivers. 93 % of the country’s water is being used for agriculture, 6 % for domestic use and 1 % for industrial use.

There is a higher likelihood of being exposed to arsenic via food ingestion compared to inhaling arsenic-contaminated air or drinking arsenic-contaminated water. Once the arsenic has been absorbed through the lungs or gastrointestinal tract, the arsenic is distributed through the body via the bloodstream. For metabolism, in the blood stream, the arsenic becomes attached to the red cells, white cells, and cells that can convert arsenate to arsenite. Some of those arsenites are taken to the liver, where they are methylated by the enzymatic transfer of the methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and the arsenite are converted into methyl arsonate (MMA V) and dimethyl arsenate (DMA V). Those metabolites, methyl arsonate and dimethyl arsenate, are then ready to be excreted. If the liver is at its limit of methylation, excess arsenites are stored in the body’s soft tissues. Arsenic and its many variations (ie. MMA V, DMA V, arsenate, and arsenite) are excreted through the kidneys. There is a possibility that two to four weeks after being exposed to arsenic, some of the arsenic can still be found in the human’s hair, nails, skin, and bones and teeth (ATSDR,

illegal level of bacterial growth. This study also found high levels as high as 13 parts per billion of arsenic tap water is only allowed to have 5 parts per billion.

This chemical tends to occur naturally in soil, so sometimes it can make its way into your well. If you drink too much water contaminated with arsenic, you will be susceptible to an array of harsh side effects such as vomiting and a burning feeling. If your water supply is never checked and you drink arsenic-laced water regularly over time, your risk factor for developing several kinds of cancer will increase substantially.

In 1910, a Nobel Prize winning German bacteriologist stated, “A day will come when man will have to fight merciless noise as the worst enemy of health”. According to Dr. Koch, “noise, like smog, is a slow agent of death” (Robert Koch, 1910 cited in Vijayalakshmi, 2003). Unfortunately, the forecast provided by Dr. Koch one hundred years ago has come true at the present time.

Although municipal water can contain a vast array of contaminants, several continued to repeatedly show up in water of the cities studied. Among the most frequently found contaminants were Arsenic, mentioned earlier, and other toxic chemicals such as radon, the rocket fuel perchlorate and other carcinogens, which may cause skin problems, birth defects, reproductive problems and even cancer. High Volumes of Lead were found, which enters the drinking water supplies from the corrosion of old pipes and

Lack of solid waste collection and poor drainage combined with lack of safe pit latrines brings up poor hygiene conditions in Armall. Therefore, the inadequate sanitation and hygiene practices in Armall resulted in morbidity and mortality due to endemic infections, which cause diarrhoea and other illnesses. Sanitation in Armall was severely neglected by both the service utility and the households because some people in Armall were using open defecation, others used plastic bags as toilets and others did the defecation in streets.

A black dot indicates the highest contamination, and a red dot shows a moderate contamination in Fig. 5. After calculating the total population of people in the black and red dots, the total amount of children affected by the drinking water was found. A total of 2,930 children consumes water with high levels of arsenic daily in Nebraska. (See Table B). Most of these locations are along the Platte River and the Republic River Basin.

My interest in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) begun when I was working with the Red Cross in a post disaster rehabilitation project in coastal areas of my home country, Bangladesh. The 2007 cyclone contaminated about 70% of the water sources in the affected communities resulting an outbreak of waterborne diseases. I observed the challenges of providing safe drinking water to the victims which motivated me to pursue my career in this field. By training I am a Civil and Environmental Engineer with a MS in Water Resources Development (WRD). Currently pursuing my second master’s in Environmental Studies from Florida International University (FIU). I have worked in the WASH sector for seven years with different organizations and in a variety of contexts, including emergency response, refugee settings, urban slums and regular development programs. To prepare myself for addressing global WASH challenges and to hone my acquired skills, I want to pursue a PhD in the Environmental Health Sciences (EHS) program. My qualifications, both from an academic background and practical experience, makes me a competent candidate for the program.

Another area that needs consideration is the horrible condition of public toilets. The shortage of public toilets is a big challenge, hence people are compelled to use open spaces to answer the call of nature. The toilets that do exist are in such pathetic condition that one cannot use them.