Inca Empire Research Paper

The Incas and the Aztecs Before the Spanish and Portuguese "discovered" the New World, there

During the 15th century, there were two leading empires of Mesoamerica. The Inca Empire, which was located in what is now Peru and the Aztecs, whose area was located in what is now Mexico. Both the Aztec and Inca empires were advanced civilizations with a good economy, agricultural developments, and religious practices that spread across the region of Mesoamerica.

There were several ancient civilizations that built their cultures around their geography. The Incas were among one of those ancient civilizations. They had amazing ingenuity to make use of their environment. The Incas built agriculture terraces and they had a complex irrigation system. And some crops that we use today. The physical environment of the Incas affected and shaped their civilization.

Inside any atrocious act committed by a group of people onto another for the sake of greed there’s a message they must spread to justify their actions, for the Spanish onto the Aztec it was ridding the world of heretics worshiping Gods of blood. The Aztec and Inca Empires fell with relative ease to the Spaniards due to a variety of contributing factors. Hesitate action from leadership may have played a role at least for the Aztecs as according to Hernan Cortez; Moctezuma believed that he possibly was a God. Superior weaponry such as steel based weapons/armor played a significant role, as both the Inca and Aztec empires still relied on weapons made from stone and wood. European diseases like small pox also played a heavy hand in the decimation of the native population, as the natives had no immunities to such ailments. The Spanish who arrived with very few men to fight also utilized subject people to fight on their side due primarily to the irritation of the Native Empires long dominance of them. This was mainly utilized in the Aztec Empire’s conquest as they had long sacrificed large portions of their subjects to their Gods in order to appease them. Along with sacrifices, the Aztec required large payments of goods & labor from their subjects further creating tensions.

To those weapons, Atahuallpa's troops, without animals on which to ride into battle, could oppose only stone, bronze, or wooden clubs, maces, and hand axes, plus slingshots and quilted armor." Diamond points out that the imbalances of weapons is the essential reason that Spaniard gained victory over the Incans. Therefore, even though The Incans had outnumber the Spaniard by so many, due to the lack of technologies and weapons, the Incans still lost without a single occasion to fight back. Another principal reason that the Inca empire collapsed so expedition is because of the diseases that brought to the land by the Europeans. Diamond states that" Throughout the Americas, diseases introduced with Europeans spread from tribe to tribe far in advance of the Europeans themselves, killing an estimated 95 percent of the pre-Columbian Native American population." While the Europeans are vaccinated for the diseases, the Indians are getting infected and died from it. With health bodie, advanced weapons and technologies against unhealthy bodies, poor weapons and technologies, there's a clear sign that the Spaniards and the rest of Europeans are going to conquer the Inca empire and the rest of the Indian

Felipe Guaman, Poma De Ayala. The First New Chronicle and Good Government: On the History of the World and the Incas Up to 1615. Trans. Roland Hamilton. Ed. Roland Hamilton. Austin, TX: U of Texas, 2009. Questia School. Web.https://www.questiaschool.com/read/120797805/the-first-new-chronicle-and-good-government-on-the

The battles against the spanish and Aztec/Inca warriors were very brutal the the battles played a very small role in the defeat of the natives. The one thing that dropped the Inca/Aztec population was disease. The main disease that the spanish brought over was small pox the native called this the running face sickness. The americans were very vulnerable to this disease because their immune system wasn't built to defend their body and medicanice were not very effective. Spanish soldiers not contracting this disease is that they would of already contracted the disease and once you contract one type of small pox you are immune to all the different types of small pox. The indian doctors in the Inca and Aztec didn't have strong enough and the right

The Aztec empire is a nomadic tribe who was from northern Mexico and later on developed to make their own capital named Tenochtitlan. Later on they moved to central Mexico and developed a commercial organization that brought many city states under their control. They started as foragers also known as hunter-gatherers. Hunter-gatherers are people who live their lives hunting, fishing, and harvesting wild food. The Aztecs have risen from underneath Mexico and are growing with more people by the year.

Secondly, a relatively minor cause for Cortes ' success was the issue of disease among the Aztecs. Although this was a fairly feeble reason it actually greatly benefited the Spanish in reducing the Aztec population. The Spanish brought smallpox to Mexico, said to be linked to an infected slave arriving from Spanish Cuba, which caused great suffering to the Aztecs. The Spanish were immune to the disease so it posed no threat to Cortes ' own men. The Aztecs were demoralized by the mysterious illness that killed Indians and spared Spaniards, as if advertising the Spaniards ' invincibility. One negative aspect for Cortes however was that his Indian allies suffered from the disease

I think that the Incas were the best civilization because they invented many useful things, they were very clever, and they had many achievements. The Incas were talented in many skills and paved the way into the future. They created things that started us into what we are today, the others, not so much. First, the Aztecs. They were more of a warrior civilization.

The conquerors introduced the encomienda system, which put Native Americans to work at forced labor on great agricultural estates. Thousands died of European diseases and many others fled the land of their ancestors, causing the population to drop rapidly. Today about 8 million descendants of the Incas inhabit the lands of the former empire, speaking the Quechuan language and following many of the ancient Inca beliefs and customs.

The Native American tribe I chose is the Incas. The Incan Empire lasted from 1438 to 1533. It was the largest empire of its time in pre-Columbian America. Their empire stretched for about 2,500 miles along the west coast of South America. Cusco was where the administrative, political, and military center was located. Cusco was located in modern-day Peru. It was located high in the Andes.

In 1532, a spaniard explorer, Francisco Pizarro sailed to the Americas in search of gold. However when near South America he encounters the Inca. He manages to capture their newly renowned leader Atahualpa and slaughters many of the indigenous Inca. He ransoms the ruler for a room full of gold, however murders the leader anyway. Due to this event, the brother of the dead ruler, Manco Inca is then made leader of the remaining Inca.

Principal beliefs concerning the origins of the universe Incas believed that before anything was created, there was a being called Viracocha Pachayachachi, which translates to “Creator of All Things”. He then created everything such as the sun, moon, and stars before he created humans. When he created human he gave them some rules such as there shall be no quarrelling on the earth. As they disobeyed this rule, Viracocha cursed all being on earth. Some were swallowed by the earth and some were swallowed by the sea.

One of the stories Peter told us, that interested me was the story of the Incas. The story of the Incas intrigued me and their 750 tons of gold that were hidden under the Eerie mountains. Peter told us that when he went to Ecuador he met a lot of people that were treasure hunters and this one old man that was supposed to be the expert told him about how to find the treasure. The old guys told Peter to go up the mountains and go to the three huts that he built and stay there for three days. During that three days, the thick fog cam along and they were stuck in the huts for a long time. One day, Peter heard a bird, so he told the guides that he heard a bird, and time the guides knew that it was time to go home because Peter was going crazy.