Inca Indians Of South America Summary

The Inca were South American Indian people who ruled one of the largest and richest empires in the America's. The Inca Empire began to expand about 1438 and occupied a vast region that centered on the capital, Cusco, in southern Peru. The Empire extended more than 2,500 miles (4,020 kilometers) along the western coast of South America. It included parts of Present - Day Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. The Inca Empire was conquered by Spanish Forces soon after their arrival in 1532.

There were several ancient civilizations that built their cultures around their geography. The Incas were among one of those ancient civilizations. They had amazing ingenuity to make use of their environment. The Incas built agriculture terraces and they had a complex irrigation system. And some crops that we use today. The physical environment of the Incas affected and shaped their civilization.

Steven J. Stern’s text, Peru’s Indian Peoples and the Challenge of Spanish Conquest, highlights from beginning to end Spain’s conquest of the Andean people while articulating the transformation of the relationship between these two peoples. He illustrates how Spain’s efforts toward colonialism of the Andes, transformed the natives from a self-sufficient group of people into an oppressed caste system known as “Indians.” Additionally, he introduces the idea that the Spanish needed to break the indigenous and gain their favor in order successfully establish dominance over them and their land. While arguing this, he offers several facts, which contradict the black legend associated with the Spanish and their means of conquest.

One of the major Native cultures in Central America was the Andean civilization. The Andean civilizations

Cieza seemed to be in awe of them because of how they conquered other peoples, but treated them with curtesy and respect once the fighting was over with because Spain never did this. His neutral wording of relocation and the political tools they used for this make them seem like benevolent rulers. This allowed the Incas to control the land and people overall, but not have unrest among the conquered, fighting to restore original rulers, as Cieza stated in his Chronicles of the Incas. When the Incas took over, mostly using peaceful tactics, if possible, and their soldiers were ordered not to harm the natives, damage their property or be violent towards the natives. The Incan

The Aztecs, Mayans, and Incas were civilizations that settled in Central and South America thousands of years ago. There are vastly similar to each other, but also very different. They each had their own ways of growing their civilizations into what they needed to be successful. They had their own cultures and ways of life, but the ideas of each of them similarly came together in one way or another.

Before the legendary empires of the Romans and the Greeks, there were other prospering civilizations thriving in parts of Central America and parts of Mexico. The Mayan, Incan and Aztec civilizations were a few of the greatest ancient civilizations in history, but they each had distinct characteristics that helped them prosper into the great empires that they became. Each had their own fascinating ways of food production, governing system and culture. The Mayans were established first out of the three and settled in modern-day Mexico. Then came the Aztecs and they also settled in modern-day Mexico and the Incas were the last of the three and they settled in the Andes Mountains and what is now Peru. All three had very successful and long-lasting civilizations until they were taken out by a natural cause or foreign invaders. Even though the Mayan, Aztecs and Incan empires had their distinct characteristics of what made them great, only the Incan empire would be able to succeed in today’s world because of their unique governing system and their advancements in military and infrastructure.

Felipe Guaman, Poma De Ayala. The First New Chronicle and Good Government: On the History of the World and the Incas Up to 1615. Trans. Roland Hamilton. Ed. Roland Hamilton. Austin, TX: U of Texas, 2009. Questia School. Web.https://www.questiaschool.com/read/120797805/the-first-new-chronicle-and-good-government-on-the

The Moche civilization was a pre-Inca culture, settled on the north coast of Peru, also knowing as a Mochicas culture. (Historia Universal, 2011). Moche culture were recognized as “Los maestros artesanos" meaning "The master craftsmen" and "grandes constructores de ciudades" meaning “The great builders of cities," because their great skills to create beautiful pottery describing the daily life, religious and beliefs. (Historia Universal, 2011). Todays days what we have of the Moche culture is the value anthropological work display in some of the Peruvian Museum because this ancient group disappearance around 600 to 700 years is unknown, but could have been started by a drought of 30 years in the late sixth century followed by a

they returned to Spain, they told of all the gold that the Aztecs had. The

The Incan empire expanded do to its fast knowledge, fascination, religion and determination. The Inca’s were a great people, they came up with ideas for their time was pretty advanced and also different, Incan tribes conquered different places around them and flourished due to them having a tolerance for the native people and also using some of their ideas as influence to help build up their empire, create sculptures, holy lands, and stories for why things happen. Incas believe that the sun god Initi rose from the ocean and made the sun and then created them from different things on the earth, since they believe that believe that, the tribe name actually means “Children of the sun” or “The Chosen ones”. The incas in a way were like the egyptians,

The Inca had a difficult language to speak.They had signs made up of broken timber,and they would use thread to tie it up to a post,you would find them by the houses .They also had a way of counting using thread and they would tie knots to record every detail you would find that by it would be by the building corner..The Inca would record every small event possible such as if you completed a project or when you ate.The Inca had the hardest language to speak.

The Inca culture is a society that is considered to be based upon states. States are defined as large populations that consist of more complex and larger areas. The society is organized into ruling elites, bureaucracy and commoners, allowing for management of people. As such, there is unequal access to resources.

I would have chosen to live in the Incan Empire during there tenure as dominant empire. I would have liked to live there because of their outstanding engineering advances at the time. Such as, the suspension bridges and there excellent systems of roads that messengers used to deliver quipu. They also forced every citizen to pay “tax” by either working on those building projects or agricultural work. Also, their religious system was simple and not complex, they were polytheistic, which means they believed in a single god.

Have you ever heard of the Inca civilization? Well, the Inca community was a very accomplished empire ; everyone in the empire was unbelievable. The Inca people knew skills many others didn 't know about ; like the Aztecs fought more than they focused on the arts and the Mayan people mainly focused on the arts. Some of their skills were building, art, and farming. Incas built many buildings, like Machu Picchu. The Inca people survived many decades because of their advanced knowledge in farming ; they had many food resources for years ' worth. The Inca civilization worked hard every single day to increase their civilization, from farming to building and dancing to singing.