Incidence and Causes There were 1.6 million amputees in the U.S. in 2005, which is expected to double and rise to over 3 million by 2050 (Koopmann, 2011). Peripheral vascular disease, severe infections (often due to diabetes), and trauma are the most common indicators for limb amputation (Koopmann, 2011; Keenan & Glover, 2012). Loss of one lower limb is more common than upper limb loss or multiple limb amputation. Up until the age of fifteen, incidence of amputation is constant, but between the ages of 21 to 64, incidence gradually increases due to work related injury and driving accidents (Keenan & Glover, 2012). Primary amputation is considered when there are no other treatment options for an injured or diseased limb and causes may …show more content…
Burgess, MD, PhD was a pioneer in the amputation field, developing techniques for surgery, the important Immediate Post-Op Prostheses (IPOP) process, and several prosthetic feet (Koopmann, 2011). Historically, level of amputation was referred to in reference to the knee or elbow joint as AE/BE (above elbow or below elbow) or AK/BL (above knee or below knee), and those terms may still be heard today. To more accurately reflect anatomical position, current nomenclature specifically notes where and how the amputation has been performed. In the leg (moving proximally from toe to hip) levels of amputation are names: transtibial, kneedisarticulation, transfemoral, hip disarticulation, hemi-pelvectomy, hemi-corporectomy (Mooney, 2017). In the arm (moving proximally from finger to shoulder): transmetacarpal, wrist disarticulation, transradial (long or short), elbow disarticulation, trans humeral (long or short) shoulder disarticulation, interscapular thoracic (Keenan & Glover, 2012). Functional loss increases the higher the level of amputation. Therefore, the higher the amputation the more training and more complex prosthesis is required to restore function. Transitioning to Prosthetics There are a number of factors post surgery that impact the outcomes for an amputee who will use a prosthetic. Edema or swelling in the residual limb calls for compression to start as soon as possible after surgery to prepare the limb for prosthetic fitting 6-8 weeks after operation (Mooney,
As for John Buford, during the Battle of Gettysburg, he received a bullet to his kneecap. Since it wasn’t that serious, there was no need for an amputation. But if it was, they would have no other choice but amputate his leg. This would have been really painful because there were no anesthetics John Buford would have been wide awake, feeling all the pain of a saw cutting through his skin and
2. List the names of the specific structures that had to be reattached. Cardiovascular, Muscular, Skeletal, Nervous, and Integumentary
When a person loses a limb, it is never a clean cut; whether it be the remnants of gore from the cut, the trauma of the loss, or the non-physical remnant of the limb itself, known as Phantom Limb Syndrome. Despite effecting 80% of all amputees, the sensation itself continues to mystify neuroscientists and is not yet fully understood. The most popularized type of phantom are the painful ones, seeing as it affects 50-80% of amputees regardless of whether their amputation was traumatic or done in a hospital for their health, but phantom limbs are not all painful and can come in many shapes, sizes, and types of sensations. (873)
According to the critic and what he/she believes to be true about “Charles,” by Shirley Jackson, is "even the most careless reader is sure to see through Laurie's lies before his parents do." This would most likely to be true because in the story he comes into his home after the first day of school crudely asking if anyone was home, he spoke rudely to his father, and he was acting at the start almost exactly as would Charles. To begin with, he came home after school crudely asking if anyone was home, and this portrayed almost instantly the conflict in the story that his parents had a lack of discipline for their children because most children during that time period would do what they were told instead of back talking their elders. With this
If you compare medical procedures of over one hundred years ago to today's, you could realize the colossal jump forward we’ve made. During the Civil War, things as simple as treating a small wound could lead to death. The big difference is between how amputations were performed during the 1860’s and how they are performed today. My goal in this paper is to inform you on surgical procedures, amputation techniques and prosthetics of the Civil War.
For Ewell’s leg, lets just say it wasn’t a good story; since he got hit with a mini ball shattering his bones below his knee. Good story right. Now when they performed the amputation they didn’t use anesthesia and the procedure wasn’t anything sweet or painless. It included a saw, couple of pair of hands, and a towel; make that two towels. You might wonder oh what's the other one for? And What do you mean a couple pair of hands?
This opened up a new world of complications for both the amputee and the surgeon as it usually lead to life-threatening and painful infections. (Thompson, Helen) The knowledge gained during these years of amputation helped ameliorate future fields of
Amputations were intended to prevent gangrene, which is a deadly complication resulting from obstructed circulation or bacterial infection ("History of Medicine," 2011). When legs were amputated, patents waited for artificial limb designs to be accommodated for them. Around 150 patents were issued for artificial limbs between 1861 and 1873, the industry then expanded to benefit the veteran population ("History of Medicine," 2011). It costed veterans $75 to buy an artificial leg and $50 for an arm, the Confederacy then provided financial assistance in 1864 for purchases ("History of Medicine," 2011). Gunshot and explosive wounds carried many types of injuries with them like comminuted fractures, compound fractures, and wounds of joints ("The Call," n.d.). Comminuted fractures are where the bone is broken, splintered, or crushed into different pieces, which demands amputation ("The Call," n.d.). While compound fractures on the other hand are when bone comes through the skin; May require amputation if in a large limb like a leg, thigh, arm, or forearm ("The Call," n.d.). Injuries that almost always needed amputations were wounds to the joints such as the knee joint, elbow joint, shoulder joint, wrist, ankle, and hip joint. Most of all of these injuries could have been treated with better care with the medical procedures we have
Prosthetic limbs have been around for centuries, but what is one thing they all have in common? They have all been a nuisance. In recent years technology of the modern day Prosthesis has ventured to new heights, but they have not perfected an artificial limb yet. With the amount of people in need of prosthetic limbs, the demand for a perfect prosthesis is tremendous. The perfect prosthesis shouldn’t feel or even look like an artificial limb. Prosthetics should go unnoticed throughout the rest of the amputee’s life.
After a four week operation, when each step can mean your last one on two legs
The loss of a leg can affect how well a person can move depending on where it has been amputated, for example, below or above the knee. Artificial limbs can help people to move, but these benefits also vary depending on where the limb has been amputated.
Hi, it’s Jacob again, and I’m about to time travel back to the past again. Today I will be going back to ancient Sparta, more specifically to the battle of Thermopylae. This time I will be taking the shape of a Spartan soldier. I’m hoping that I will get the chance to fight beside king Leonidas. I won’t find out here, let’s go.
During the Dark Ages a lost limb was considered a weakness; therefore the majority of artificial limbs were made for soldiers to hold a shield or hide a missing leg while in battle (Clements, 2008). At that time, welders, watchmakers and tradesman made prosthetics. The watchmakers were key to the addition of the internal functions of the limb (Norton 2007). Functionality was not considered while making these artificial limbs, however they did allow for soldiers to continue on in
First, BIID affects a very small percentage of the population where in most cases the limb is perfectly fine and there no physical problems with it. I believe this condition should first be treated with psychotherapy pharmaceutical therapy, and possibly joining a support group before consideration of surgery. It is important to treat this form of condition with different approaches tailored to the individual's needs. I also read that some patients cope with thee condition by using cane and prosthetic attachment to make them feel normal. Therefore, surgeons shouldn't carry this type of amputation without a verifiable medical reason to perform the operation. On the other hand, an ethical conflict here is principle of autonomy where patients
Political laws are set of rules that keep a country or nation together. It was existed for quite a long period of time, including when our ancestors were alive. All political laws were developed by governments, and they believe it was necessary to be passed them down for better human rights. These laws are usually justified for moral dress codes, freedom of speech, and possession of guns, etc. However, during the past years, France has been dealing with a political issue called the French Veil. It is a kind of law that the French governor believe could keep their people from behaving badly. Although France is dealing with a political issue, it has been affecting our society, such as women’s rights, religion, and social life events of people.