Income and Population Age Structure Essay

2. What will be the future population growth trends for developing countries in the future?

The human population rate has changed throughout the ages. By looking at the table we were given the human population has increased heaps from 2000 years ago. If we look at our ancestors they lived with a small existence but this has changed as we have developed and there is more agriculture in this world. Population grew very slowly in the 1000 A.D. also decreased after the Black Death causing large numbers of people wiped out. Then in the 1800 A.D. the industrial revolution came, soon living standards were raised and there was food shortage with the population. In 1927 medicine was introduced this meant that there was increased life expectancy, so the human population grew more. There was more advantages from agriculture, medicine and sanitation

In 1996 the largest population consisted of people aged 30-50, there were not as many people in the dependency load. In 2011, there were more people aged 40-65, who are getting close to retirement. There are not as many babies being born today as previous years because people are choosing to not have as many children. The baby boomers are getting older and there will soon be more people in the dependency load as the workforce. In 2011 there were more people ages 85 and up because nowadays people have been able to live longer.

How have the social and demographic changes of the last century led to the increased growth and aging of the population? Be sure to discuss this in terms of the demographic transition theory.

In developed countries the birth and infant mortality rate is lower than developing countries. With the developing countries having a higher birth rate they also have a higher infant mortality rate. It is difficult to predict the earth’s population growth because of the different stages a country might be in, or how fast they move from one to another. Stage one is preindustrial, this is when the birth rate is high but so is the death rate so the population is low. Stage two is the transitional stage where the birth rate is still high but health care has gotten better so the death rate has decreased and the population is skyrocketing. Stage three is the industrial stage this is when the birth rate is still increasing even though the death rate has stayed the same making the population still increase. In the final stage postindustrial the birth rates are very low because of birth control and people desiring smaller families. The death rate is still how and the population slowly

Have you ever wondered why some country's population is not as large as others, or why some are increasing while others are decreasing? The population growth rate definitely affects communities in an area. It is a measurement that combines both natural increase rate and net migration rate to calculate the total population increase of

The demographic transition is a three-stage model of population growth in Europe. In the first stage there is a stable population because birth and death rates are both high. The second stage happens as mortality rates begin to slowly decline, but birth rates stay high. When this stage happens, there is fast population growth. During the third stage, the population is more stable as both birth and death rates are low and are more or less balanced. In more recent years, a fourth stage as been brought on by Anti-Malthusians. During this stage, population shrinkage occurs because the deaths begin to outnumber the births. Europe provides a great example to the theory of demographic transition. After speedy population growth of stage two, Europe settled at stage three with a stable population. It is currently in stage four with a shrinking population. In most European nations there are lesser births than deaths which could ultimately create other social problems.

There is no doubt that the ageing population is a subject which has attracted much attention of Governments and communities in the world. Even in Australia, it is considered as one of the most crucial challenges which will have to confront in the next 25 years ( Hugo, 2014). Population ageing is defined as a change in the age structure of a country toward older ages. This is the repercussion of many elements such as the declining fertility rate, baby boom period and advanced technology in medical and healthcare extending longevity.While a number of studies have been done into proving this trend having several negative effects, it can be argued that there are many beneficial impacts both on national economy and society. This essay aims to look at the positive influences of older population on the workforce, then the Australian Government Budget, and finally the community.

2. Canada, for instance, has its population clustered around the middle of the pyramid graph and there is a smaller number of people around pre-reproductive ages versus the post reproductive ages. This means that the population of Canada will have a relatively slow growth rate.

Key to growth - Huge population growth caused by long life expectancy good health - more than high fertility

The Global human population increases growth amounts to around 75 million annually, or 1.1% per year. The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 7 billion in 2012. It is expected to keep growing, and estimates have put the total population at 8.4 billion by mid-2030, and 9.6 billion by mid-2050. Many nations with rapid population growth have low standards of living, whereas many nations with low rates of population growth have high standards of living.

While using financial ratios to measure wealth adequacey, Love, Smith, and McNair (2008) examined the current wealth adequacy of older U.S. households, those age 55 and older, using the 1998-2006 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). To establish a benchmark of wealth adequacy, poverty-line wealth was analyzed to establish a base-line level of wealth required to provide income over the projected remaining lifetimes of each household member. Due to the poverty line being an unaspiring goal to meet, 1.5 to 3 times poverty wealth was used as a relevant threshold. The results of the study indicated that the median older U.S. household is reasonably prepared for retirement, with a ratio of comprehensive net wealth to present value poverty-line wealth of about 3.9 in 2006. The study also determined that 18 percent of households possessed less wealth than what is necessary to generate 150 percent of poverty-line income over their expected future lifetimes. When comparing the leading edge of the baby boomer generation in 2006 to households of the same age in 1998, Love et al. (2008) determined that the 2006 baby boomers held slightly less wealth than their elders. Moreover, single boomers showed higher incidence of inadequacy than the previoulsy measured generation.

With the introduction of agricultural and the rise of the Industrial Revolution, living standards have been elevated, while epidemics and famine have been diminished (prb.org). Ever since the 18th century, the human race has only continued to make improvements. For example, in the medical field. The creation of vaccines, medicine, and an increased knowledge of the spread of diseases have all helped to eliminate common causes of death, leading to overpopulation. Not only is overpopulation caused by an accelerated number of births, but it is also due to a decrease in the number of deaths, with 360,000 people are being born every day and only 151,600 deaths a day

Demography is the study of the components of population variation and change. Death rate and birth rate are two determinants of population change. Theory of Demographic Transition is comparatively recent theory that has been accepted by several scholars throughout the world. This theory embraces the observation that all countries in the world go through different stages in the growth of population. A nation's economy and level of development is directly related to that nation's birth and death rates. Population history can be divided into different stages. Some of the scholars have divided it into three and some scholars have divided it into five stages. These stages or classifications demonstrate a

o An increase in population and a more ageing population as standard of living increases. Birth rates and death rates drop as life