Increasing Demand For High Quality

A Power system is an connection of generators to load centres. Through H.V. electrical lines & in general is controlled mechanically. It can be divided into 3 subsystems: Generation, X’mission and Distribution-systems. The electric power demand is Growing and building of new generating units & transmission circuits is becoming difficult because of environmental & economic reasons. So, power utilities are forced to depend on utilization of existing generating units and to load existing lines close to their heating limits.

The smart distribution transformer and its controllers were evaluated through simulations using PLECS simulation platform. The system specifications used to design the simulation model are given in Table 3.

1- During period of high electricity demand, especially during the hot summer months, the power output from a gas turbine engine can drop dramatically…………..

It is observed that the power factor is maintained closer to unity when the input voltage is reduced from 230V to 110Vrms. Figure 11 (a) and (b) shows the power factor correction of controller for various load condition such as 20% (60W) and 75% (230W). The power factor for the system is found to be 0.84 for light load condition and 0.99 for full load condition. The THD of input current at full load with predominant third and fifth harmonic components are shown in Figure 12(a) and (b).Third harmonics is found to be 4.8% and fifth harmonic component is 4.9% which are well within IEC 61000-3-2 standard during wide range of load variations. The variation in power factor with load is shown graphically in Figure 13(a). It can be inferred from the graph that improved resettable control operates at high power factor for all load condition whereas the conventional PI control has poor power factor under light load conditions. Figure 13(b) shows the comparison between the efficiency of the converter for varying load conditions with the conventional control method and the resettable integrator control. The converter’s efficiency is maintained at 92% for light load conditions and 96% for fully loaded condition with integrator control technique. Thus the improved resettable integrator controller provides a very simple and reliable solution for power factor correction and

During the early years of the 20th century the United States was powered by over 4000 electric utilities with each of these utilities acting as a single entity. At that time a vast majority of those utilities used low voltage connections from generators in close proximity to the distribution lines that power the customers.

Fig. 5.10. Control of the dc–dc converter to produce less power under voltage sag: (a) grid voltages, grid currents, actual duty cycle, input voltage of the dc–dc converter, estimated duty cycle; and (b) dc-link voltage.

First and foremost, I would like to express gratitude to NLDC, Power System Operation Corporation Ltd (POSOCO) for providing me a magnificent opportunity in the form of this dissertation to learn.

Since the beginning, people have requested that Majestic Transformers create or fabricate a broad range of rectifier power supplies to distribute as a part of their application. Some of these units are as simple as fitting a bridge rectifier onto the output winding of a single phase or three phase transformer, while others are complicated. They involve using variable transformers, meters, line insulation monitors, and smoothing circuits ranging up to 7000A and injecting a current into railway conduction rail systems for testing, up to 5kV for running and testing high voltage

The solution to this problem is to have your circuit panel upgraded. This allows more power to flow through the circuits in your home so you can keep your electronic equipment running without constant problems.

Proper allocation and sizing of DG will improve the voltage profile of electrical power system and reduces losses in the system.

This loss implies that our present system of electrical distribution is only 70-74 percent efficient. We have to think of alternate state of art technology to transmit and distribute the electricity. Now a day’s global scenario has been changed a lot and there are tremendous development in every field. If we don’t keep pace with the development of new power technology we have to face a decreasing trend in the development of power sector. The transmission of power without wires may be one noble alternative for electricity transmission.

Different detection methods for harmonic distortion already exist, but the following shortage make them did not reflect fully the influence of harmonic on distribution system [4]:

Abstract—Basic guidelines for the preparation of a technical paper for an IEEE Power & Energy Society Conference are presented. This electronic document is a “live” template. The various components of your paper [title, text, headings, etc.] are already defined, as illustrated by the portions given in this document. The abstract is limited to 150 words and cannot contain equations, figures, tables, or references. It should concisely state what was done, how it was done, principal results, and their significance.

Generation of electrical power in low voltage level is very much cost effective. Hence electrical power is generated in low voltage level. Theoretically, this low voltage level power can be transmitted to the receiving end. But if the voltage level of a power is increased, the current of the power is reduced which causes reduction in ohmic or I2R losses in the system, reduction in cross sectional area of the conductor i.e. reduction in capital cost of the system and it also improves the voltage regulation of the system. Because of these, low level power must be stepped up for efficient electrical power transmission. This is done by step up transformer at the sending side of the power system network. As this high voltage power may not be distributed to the consumers directly, this must be stepped down to the desired level at the receiving end with the help of step down transformer. These are the uses of electrical power

Power system make sure good quality of electrical power supply which means voltage and current wave form should be balance and sinusoidal. Moreover, the voltage level on the system should be within dependable limit, generally within 100+ -5% of their rated value if the voltage is more or less than this pre-specified value, performance of equipments is sacrificed.[1]. In case of low voltages, picture on television starts rolling, the torque of induction motor reduces to the square of voltage and therefore