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There was a high food shortage in 1946 and this caused many to ration. World War II left a deep wound in India as two and a half million Indian soldiers were sent to aid the allies and 24,000 killed. Many were unemployed as they lost their jobs after the war since there was no need for war production. Gandhi’s party, Indian national congress, created in 1885 seemed it would be the power that ruled after Britain left. This changed, however, as the All Muslim league became popular during World War II. Muslims were a minority compared to the Hindus. The Partition of 1947 created Pakistan, where the Muslims would live, and India, where the Hindus would live.

Modern day Pakistan’s land has traditionally been Muslim for many years. In the early nineteenth century it was ruled by Britain and considered part of the British Indian Empire. In 1947, a partition was granted from the British, and Pakistan and India were created as their own countries. As the previous British Empire divided,

A Pakistani based terrorist group called the Lashkar-e-Taiba executed a series of bombings and shootings in Mumbai over the course of three days. Mohammed Kasab, one of the ten gunman in the attack, was the only attacker to survive

The consequences of independence from British control over India and demise of British colonial power in the South Asian subcontinent led to the genesis of a new country up on the world map on 14th August 1947. Undoubtedly, the fundaments of the demand of a separate country were based on the religious identity and an intention to provide a secure haven for the Muslims from Hindu dominated India. However, Pakistan was not meant to be a theocratic state, in which the rulers of government are vested with the uncontrolled power of religion. Instead, the founder of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah not only wanted an independent state for Muslims, in which Islam had primary role affirmed by the apparatus of the state but also a place in which other faith groups could live with

One thing that the world does not always acknowledge, is that many countries have actually been demanding for independence ever since the 1800’s. The partition that created Pakistan was a long and tedious process before it got approved. Before World War II, Great Britain had full control over the country of India and its resources, even though the people were demanding for self-rule for several years. At the time, India consisted of both Muslim and Hindu cultures, and the tensions between the two

In India, the notions of the people specifically the non-Muslim are of the view that Muslim are not non-violent entities. Such pre-conceived animosity regarding the Muslim community by the non-Muslims, have a prolonged history in India. This notion was prevalent because during the colonial rule, the British, were very much successful in creating a division between Hindus and Muslims. Divisions led to clashes between the Muslim and non- Muslim particularly the Hindu community. This gave birth to the creation of Pakistan, a separate state for the Muslim people where those people can carry on their administration freely, efficiently and in a well-organised pattern as per Islamic

I was born in India. I was raised in Punjab state. I spent almost 17 years of my life in Punjab. I lived in India with my family. When I was 17 and half, me and my family moved from India to the United States. We immigrated to United States in 2016. Moving and adjusting into a new and different environment is not very easy. There are a lot of differences between these two nations. The language, education, work or job, living standard of people are the major differences that I have seen in these two nations. In 1947 after the British rule in India, a partition was happened in Punjab splitting it into two parts “West Punjab and East Punjab”. The West Punjab was given a name new of Pakistan. My great-grandparents used to live in West Punjab before

In 2008, Mumbai saw a series of terrorist attacks that lasted from November 26th to the 29th that resulted in approximately 172 deaths and numerous more casualties (Rabasa). The terrorist group, Lashkar-e-Taiba, managed to sneak into the city undetected by initially sailing from Karachi on a Pakistani cargo vessel. From this point, LeT hijacked an Indian fishing trawler, killed the entire crew except for the captain who was also later killed when they reached their destination; Mumbai. Members of this group were armed with automatic assault rifles and grenades as they split up into smaller units and simultaneously attacked multiple locations throughout the populous city. Nine of the ten attackers were killed during these four days, with the

“The argument for Pakistan was simply that Hindus and Muslims were not two different religious communities but two separate nations” (Varshney 434), meaning that this divide was a denser than many might view it. The relations between both groups influenced the judgements of India’s founders and constitution-makers, given that it was one of the most traumatic periods in the history of India’s twentieth-century due to the millions of deaths that were accompanied by partition. These constitution-makers had to face four main issues: the relationship between religion and the state, separate electorates, religiously given personal laws, and educational institutions. The overall goal of the new nation was to put an end to the Hindu-Muslim violence, provide minorities a stake in the new nation and also reduce their fears of losing their identities. They wanted to do so in a way that would not deepen the divide that already existed, but that would unite them instead (Varshney

The 1935 Government Act of India proposes more governmental reforms and allows for an assembly made up of Indian but it is rejected by Indian nationalists who want dominion status granted to them immediately. Beginning in 1946, the Muslim League begins to advocate for an independent Muslim state, which causes widespread panic. India receives its independence from Great Britain in 1947 but as their last major act the British governors separate India into two new countries: India and Pakistan. Many people are forced to leave their homes in order to get to the new country and refugees become an issue in both countries. Widespread fighting breaks out along the borders as people try to get to the country that corresponds with their religion. The new governments struggle to agree on who will get what parts of the natural resources, military and financial resources along with the regions of Jammu and Kashmir. Great Britain sold Kashmir to a maharajah during the colonial era and as they were withdrawing, gave him the option to going to either country. Most other states sided with religions but Kashmir was ruled by a Hindu yet had a predominantly Muslim population. The maharajah hesitates and is forced to leave the region. He signs over the territory to India and Pakistan sends troops to protect the Muslims in that area. War breaks out and continues for three years until a ceasefire is declared and

The primarily muslim sections of India became Pakistan, and the primarily Hindu sections became the republic of India. The partition of India left more than a million dead, fifteen million refugees and tens of thousands of abducted women.

the nation had split up into 2 separate countries- Muslim majority Pakistan and Hindu majority

As World War II (1939-1945) began, Indian independence continued to gain momentum. Placing pressure on an increasingly depleted government (both in economic and human resources), Britain entered into negotiations with India. In 1947, Britain partitioned India, creating the modern states of Pakistan and India and sparking a new wave of colonial independence throughout the commonwealth. Britain’s empire had begun to set.

Then in 1905 The Partition of Bengal took place. This separated the Hindus from the Muslims. The Partition, as well as the creation of Pakistan, which became dominantly Muslim, led to mass immigration of refugees. Most of the citizens lived in bustis, or slums, continuing to today.

The well-known novel ‘Train to Pakistan’ initiates study on theme of partition. This story opens the phase of political hatred, violence and sectarianism in a brilliant and realistic way. Related to those decisive or fateful days, which were brought by the British Raj followed by destruction, death and deracination for the north of the subcontinent; Khushwant Singh refers to the fact that India might have gained independence then, but the price they paid for it was ‘Partition’. The strength and the power of unity were deliberately divided between the two nations. It depicts the pitiful tale of individuals and communities suffered in the revolution of Partition. ‘Tran to Pakistan’ illustrates the agony suffered on both sides of the political boundaries-India and Pakistan after the partition.