India 's Relations Between India And Pakistan

Disputes over land seem to be a catalyst for almost every hostility and war since the dawn of time. The addition of politics and religion into the matter only serves to aggravate an already tense situation. Kashmir knows this all too well. The conflict between Hindus and Muslims seems to be an ever reoccurring battle. This is also evidenced in population battles. Hindus make up the social majority of the population of India by almost eighty percent. Feelings of tension and uneasiness are a natural reaction to being dominated by a majority and are a problem unto itself.

The partition of India in 1948 led to one of the largest mass migration movements in the world. The successful attainment of independence from colonial rule is also a narrative of religious nationalism, displacement and communal violence between the two nation states of India and Pakistan or more definitively the Muslims and Hindus. In Urvashi Butalia’s (2000, pp.264-300) “The Other Side of Silence” the oral testimony of Maya Rani, a Punjabi woman who was a child living in Pakistan during the Partition is particularly important to the histiography surrounding the event as it is told from a different perspective by a person not

India had baited Pakistan, and taunted them to put up or shut up in a show of nuclear power. Khan and Nawaz Sharif, the Pakistani Prime Minister, were prepared to take the bait, and had a test site prepared, but doing so would have meant heavy sanctions from the US and other countries. After much debate, Sharif decided to go ahead with the show-of-force test. On May 27, 1998, just hours before the scheduled test, Sharif received word that Israeli forces, on behalf of India, were inbound and prepared to destroy Pakistan’s nuclear facilities. Pakistan responded by scrambling its own jets and rolling out its nuclear warheads. The attack never materialized, and the US and other nations assured Pakistan they were safe, despite the fact they had nearly started a nuclear war that day.

The book “India, Pakistan and the United States: Breaking With the Past” By Shirin R. Tahir-Kheli asserted that to assure “cold peace" between both neighbouring countries India and Pakistan, Washington must acknowledge ground realities. According to the author threats and withdrawing the assistance cannot help to make Pakistan to change its policies no incentive of any kind can do anything with regard to the policy of Pakistan. The insecurity will prevail due to maintenance of its nuclear programs. The writer further says any measure of punishing Pakistan to roll back on nuclear proliferation would not work no sanction can do any effect on its approach. The Only thing, that can work is enhancing the attention on steps of engaging Pakistan and

“Prior to the 1979 Soviet invasion, the government and people of Afghanistan historically had warm relations with India. Following India’s Independence from Great Britain and Partition, Afghanistan saw India as an ally in its increasingly bitter and occasionally militarized dispute with Pakistan over the inclusion of ethnic Pashtuns in the new state of Pakistan. India, like the Soviet Union, extended diplomatic and moral support to Afghanistan in its irredentist quarrel with Pakistan.38 A natural convergence of interests was inevitable between India and Afghanistan as both states realized that they had a common problem in border relations with Pakistan: Afghanistan over Pashtunistan and India over Kashmir (Yadav, 2011).”

The Indo-Pakistani war of 1947 was the very first war fought between the two counties over Jammu and Kashmir. The war began when Pakistan sent troops from Waziristan into Kashmir in order to obtain their land. When the king of Kashmir, Hari Singh, realized what Pakistan was doing to Kashmir, he pleaded with India for help. “Tensions exploded in October 1947 when the Pathan Muslims of Poonch rebelled against the Hindu landowners of Kashmir. On October 22, Pakistan sent troops into the region, brutally taking Muzaffarabad and Uri, burning a swath of destruction wherever they marched, and killing Hindu civilians,”(“Indo-Pakistani War, 1947-1948,”, n.d.). Indian government made a legal document called the Instrument of Accession stating that they

India has a proud rich history, stretching back thousands of years. The name India originates from the Old Persian word Hindu. It is located on the southern subcontinent of Asia. India shares borders with Pakistan, China, Nepal, and Bangladesh. India has not always been on the greatest terms with some of the neighboring countries which have led to four different armed conflicts. It has a population of approximately 1.34 billion people. One-third of the land mass that makes up India is coastline. 1858 would mark both a political and economic unification of the subcontinent by the British. The Indo-Pakistan war of 1947 would mark the first of four armed conflict that India would engage Pakistan in. By the end of the Indo-Pakistan war of 1999 both of the neighboring countries, would continue to have other border skirmishes all the way up to present time. Overall since 2003 India and Pakistan’s military have been at an agreed ceasefire agreement. India’s military is credited as have the fourth largest army in the world. The Indian military has been working for many years now to modernize its military equipment to the modern standards of that of other militaries around the world. Even though numbers for the Indian army have been on the rise based off the modernization plan set by its government. The reason for the slow due to the lack of adequate funding. One of the reasons for India’s slow modernization is due to the fact that a majority of the

The Partition of India in August, 1947 was a significant event in history that accounted for the separation of one of the world’s oldest civilization into two, independent nations – Pakistan and India. Like many other wars in history, The Partition of India was instigated by religious, political and social conflict. This resulted in violence, discrimination and the largest human displacement in contemporary history. While the Partition was well-studied, much of our understanding was focused on the political side of history, not the human side of it. This was why oral history played an important role in manifesting the complexity of a historical event. Our focus here is Maya Rani’s testimony from Butalia’s book, The Other Side of Silence:

The 1947 partition of India and Pakistan influenced the Indian Film Industry, more commonly known as Bollywood, to produce films that sought to evoke Indian nationalism not only directly after the Partition, but also continuing throughout the 20th century. Films associated with the split between the two nations celebrated India as it transitioned from colonization to independence, while also demonizing Pakistan and thus creating an extremely intense anti-Pakistani sentiment throughout India. In particular, two significant Bollywood films, Mother India and Border, sought to prove these qualities. While Mother India lauded India as a newly independent nation, Border rebuked Pakistan as the villain in the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War, which

In my research paper I am going to be focusing in on the later half on the Indian independence movement (1918-1947) leading up till the riots that caused the partition of India. This means that I will be analyzing the complete territory of India that was present during that time period. There are several reasons I am focusing in on this time period. First I will be researching about the independence movement which eventually led to the Indian Independence Act of 1947 and then see how that leads to the partition of India. This specific time period is extremely important in Indian history because the consequences and impacts of independence and the partition still live on today.

The liberation of Bangladesh from the cruel clutches of Pakistan was the main reason for conflict between India and Pakistan. India being a sandwich between East Pakistan and West Pakistan could not turn his eyes from the genocide perpetuated against the civilians of East Pakistan by West Pakistan junta.

Making a decision is not always as simple as it may seem. Needs and preferences must be ascertained, someone will ultimately be compelled to make a choice, and more often than not, others will be forced to make sacrifices and may become indignant that their preferences were not honored. The decision to partition India was not a simple decision, but, in fact, the very opposite of that; India was in a state of such mayhem that it seemed as if it would be impossible to come up with the perfect solution. Eventually, the British government was forced to partition India and virtually everyone was forced to make dire sacrifices. As India was divided into the nation of Pakistan and the Republic of India, it is not an understatement to suggest that millions of lives were overturned. However, when accurately trying to understand the Indian Partition and its effect, historical accounts often focus solely on prominent figures and overlook the experience and perspectives of the millions at the ground level. Not only would studying the viewpoints and experiences of ordinary people bring forth a very different sense of history, but it is important to wholly understand the Partition as well. By considering this aspect of history, this evaluation will demonstrate that, by ignoring non-elites’ interpretations and experiences, historians omitted key elements of the story. [Can you add a roadmap that looks ahead to some of the specific themes you’ll discuss?]

Why is it that despite sharing so much in terms of ethnicity, culture, religion, and language, India and Pakistan hold such animosity and bitterness towards each other? Since their emergence as independent states from the British Indian Empire in 1947, India and Pakistan have sacrificed considerable blood battling each other. As part of the independence, India was divided into two separate nations—India and Pakistan. The Hindu states of British India formed the new country of India, while those states with a Muslim majority became part of Pakistan. The violent partition of India and Pakistan resulted in large scale armed confrontations and has sustained a continuous distrust between the two countries. They have been involved in four wars; the first immediately following independence over the state of Jammu and Kashmir, another in 1965 over the same state, a civil war in 1971 that stemmed into the creation of Bangladesh and the Kargil war of 1999 fought in Kashmir. The hostility that remains even fifty five years later instigates questions in our minds as to what lies in the future of the relationship between these two Asian countries. Is there hope for peace in the near future? Is the antagonistic behavior between the two nations reflective of the attitudes of their respective citizens? How has this bitterness affected the recent and current generations of Indians and Pakistanis? And will this continue to affect the future generations?

Kashmir Conflict has been around since 1947. It is also the key point or the reasons why India and Pakistan did not get along well. Because of this, the diplomatic relationships between the two countries are on the fire and both countries has been witnesses few war to fought over Kashmir. Behind this conflicts, we can find a lot of other historical events that happen due to this among this is a country name Bangladesh was born from East Pakistan. This article is designed to help explain the situation in the region and the significance of Kashmir to India and Pakistan. To accomplish this goal we will first discuss the genesis of the conflict and the benefit of Kashmir interns of resources,

Britishers “Divide and Rule policy” permeated the evil seeds of partition in the Indian continent. It turned out to be an ugly bloat in the history of India as well as Pakistan. Bloodshed, communal and religious riots, rapes, murders, fights almost every possible evil virtue was seen in practice across the Indian globe as the result of the Partition.