Individuals Benefit From The Structure Of Work Such As

Health risk increased with unemployment. There is evident that the health risk is higher in areas where unemployment is common. Stable and secure work improves to individual’s job satisfaction, well-being and health. Deteriorate illness and premature death caused by higher unemployment (Wilkinson & Marmot 2003). A number of research form many foreign countries shows individuals and their families face comparatively high risk of premature death (Wilkinson & Marmot 2003). Australia indigenous peoples accounted for 2.4% of the Australian population, the impact of factors such as unemployment, imprisonment, low-income, eligible housing, lead them to life expectancy 9-12 years less than other Australian population(Cunningham & Paradies 2013).

An increase in the unemployment rate means that more individuals do not have an income, thus meaning many households suffer reduced disposable funds. This causes a decrease in the level of aggregate demand within the economy and therefore reduces economic growth. This in turn causes a slower circular flow of income, meaning that households may be forced into or past poverty, as a result of the lowered income generated, reducing the living standards and quality of life. The downturn experienced by the economy can also offset many individuals seeing them not wanting to return back to the workforce due to the lack of jobs available, making them long-term unemployed rather than cyclically unemployed, or if the firm initially was promoting structural change, structurally unemployed. Combined with poverty, the aspect of unemployment can lead to other severe mental health issues and illness reaching extremes.

Meltzer et al., (1995) argues that the unemployed and unskilled have more mentally unstable symptoms compared to those in employment. Also, the fear of being unemployed and job insecurity has a disadvantageous effect on health (Bartley et al., 1996).

In Australia there is a consensus that think that the unemployed don’t want to work and are not willing to find work; this claiming that they are lazy and conning the government for benefits (if they receive them). However, not all unemployed actually enjoy being without a job to survive and struggle with not having enough job opportunities, not being able to work due to lack of qualifications and not willing to take a job that will lead them to deficit (Csoba, 2010). Looking at it from a conflict theorist’s point of view it is people who have the money and the power that generate these limitations that unemployed members of society face. For

Economic wellbeing is crucial. Its absence adversely affects health, along with social status that prompts a forswearing of the likelihood of full interest in social and financial life (Wilkinson et al. 1998).

In the 1800s, the first Steel Mills were built in Youngstown, Ohio and it’s economy flourished their Steel Mills produced the majority of steel used in World War I, their economy picked up once again during World War II. This created many jobs. On September 19, 1977, “Black Friday,” was started. It was the beginning of the end for Youngstown, Ohio’s stable economy. On September 19, 1977 Youngstown starting losing the steel industry jobs, this lasted until the mid 1980s. Youngstown, Ohio became apart of the ,”Rust Belt,” along with Pittsburg. The,” Rust Belt is a chain of cities in northeastern and Midwestern US, that are known for their declining industries. According to Professor Harris, Youngstown, “Ohio will NEVER Recover. Youngstown, Ohio

Depression and other mental conditions often plague individuals of almost every industry of business practice today. However, there has been a alarming increase in the rates of mental health issues within Australian farmers, who often work been very isolated rural areas. There depression is affecting both their families and the industry as a whole, as one article by Allison Harding shows which to pick the nature of mental health within many Australian farmers and how little resources they have in order to remedy such conditions.

This chapter provides a good history of Youngstown from the early 1980’s to the early 2000s with a lot focus on the rising crimes that plagued the town. The authors in this chapter at the beginning talks about how the view of Youngstown went from this image deindustrialization to an image of a crime infested and political corrupted town (Pg. 190). Linkon and Russo put a lot of focus on the many stereotypes of Youngstown with most of them holding truth. These stereotypes that read involved murder, poverty, mafia involvement, and corrupted politicians. The Vindicator reported that Youngstown during the 1990’s had one of the highest murder rates for a city over fifty thousand (Pg. 193). The chapter goes into more detail about the white-color crimes, and the political corruption through the mob as the chapter goes on. In 1998, George Magazine listed Youngstown as one the ten most corrupted cities in American, which only added to the title of ‘Crime Town, USA’ (Pg. 213). Although this chapter highlights the negative aspects that came from the deindustrialization in Youngstown, Ohio, it really is telling the story of most towns that are inside the rust belt. So, as a person who has been to Portsmouth, Cleveland, and Columbus I have seen what deindustrialization has done to this once great

Mental health matters, and whether employers know it or not, the psychological wellness of employees affects

K.Moser found that unemployment was a key factor in health issues in society, mortality rates were higher for those who were unemployed and the prospect of unemployment is detrimental to the health of an individual. M.H.Brenner (1977) suggested loss of a job is like bereavement but isn’t seen or respect as such (7).

Sociologists study human society. Their studies include human behavior in many social contexts such as social interaction, social institutions and organization, social change and development (Abraham). Because of the broad spectrum of social circumstances that are studied, unemployment is an issue in which sociologists thrive. Conflict in the areas of age, race, gender, and disability is common among the employed as well as the unemployed.  From a sociological perspective, unemployment can be studied through both the Functionalist Theory and Conflict Theory.  It also touches upon the results of unemployment in societies and institutions such as family, education, government, and health. Unemployment affects almost everyone to some extent

This essay will explain how contemporary issues in mental health influence people’s social wellbeing. Mental health is a fundamental element of resilience, health assets, capabilities and positive adaption that enable individuals to cope with both adversity and to reach their full potential and humanity. The impact on inequalities of health and other outcomes are sourced from mental health. For example, chronic stress of struggling with material disadvantage is intensified to a very considerable degree by doing so in more unequal societies.

In Weber’s work on class he identified three areas of influence in social stratification. These areas are wealth, prestige and power (Davies 2018). Following this line of thought, privilege is the ability to access greater quantities of wealth, maintain strong social supports, and possess the resources needed for social mobility. Conversely, disadvantage is the combination of low levels of individual agency and high structural inequality due to the uneven distribution of wealth and opportunity, resulting in a lower capacity for social mobility (Davies 2018). When a person who is considered privileged experiences unemployment, it is likely to be with lower levels of stress and fewer negative impacts on daily life than someone who is at a disadvantage. For example, a privileged person with strong social connections may use these networks to find a new job, thus reducing the fear of long term unemployment. They are also more likely to have access to wealth in forms other than wages, such as investments, inheritances and family properties which they can turn to while in transition. The ability to make individual choices and possessing the capacity to act on those choices is known as agency (Davies 2018). For a person experiencing unemployment agency may involve being selective about the jobs they apply for, as opposed to needing to take the first available job in order to survive. These financial and social support systems decrease the urgency of employment. Nevertheless, as Humphry (2016) explains, work forms part of our identity. Consequently, privileged individuals will feel pressure to find employment to maintain an identity as a contributing member of society. For privileged individuals, unemployment may result in a threat to their identity and lifestyle, however, the lack of vulnerability they experience is an example of the continuing disparity between

Sociologists study human society. Their subject matter includes human behaviour in various social contexts, social interaction, social institutions and organisation, social change and development (Haralmbos, Van Krieken, Smith & Holborn 1999). For this reason, unemployment is an issue which sociologists delve. Unemployment has far reaching affects in all areas of society. Stratification in the areas of age, race, class, gender, ethnicity, sex and disability is rife amongst the employed and unemployed alike, unemployment creates further segregation amongst these already stratified people. This essay will look at unemployment from the functional and conflict theory

The evidence that unemployment has negative effects on mental health is strong. Mental health effects on young unemployed people include low self esteem and confidence