Indonesian Vs. Bahasa Indonesian

Australia and Indonesia political systems are instrumental in shaping the development of individual nations. These systems determine the policies that are to be followed by the government and the governed and aim to establish political stability. Despite Australia is a constitutional monarchy and Indonesia is a republic, the two country have many similarities and differences in the political system. This extended response identifies and compares the key features of government system and election between Australia and Indonesia political systems.

Population growth in Indonesia continues to increase rapidly. Indonesia has done population census to know the total population of the country in every 10 years, since 1961, and its total population was only 97,1 million people back then. And the latest census of Indonesia was held in 2010 with total population 237,6 million people. Both positive and negative things happen because of population growth. With this large population density in Indonesia, the consumption level of its people is also high. This consumptive lifestyle of Indonesian leads to an abundance of waste that keeps increasing each day.

According to AAFC (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2010) due to its extensive natural resources and geographical location, in the way of several of the world’s most important trading routes, Indonesia represents the Southeast Asia’s largest economy. On a global perspective, Indonesia is the fourth most populated country and has the largest Muslim population, besides being the world’s largest archipelago, with around 17,000 islands. The country’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is also showing considerable and stable growth throughout the years and unemployment rates dropped considerably (AAFC, 2011).

Indonesia had a GDP of 868.3 billion international dollars (GDP of Indonesia, 2016) and a GDP per capita of 3,475.25 international dollars in 2013 (GDP per capita, Indonesia, 2016). The GDP is primarily used to indicate an economies performance, it is measured by Y = C + I + E + G, where Y = GDP, C = Consumer Spending, I = Investment made by industry, E = Excess of Exports over Imports, G = Government Spending (Birch T, 2016). The GDP per capita is calculated by the GDP of a country, divided by the population of a country. The GDP and GDP per capita are very vital indicators of an economies progress. A rise in GDP shows that there an increase of value in an economy or there is a higher income or rise in expenditure which implies that there is a rise in the standard of living of the citizens and due to rise in income there will be a higher spending on various goods and services like healthcare, education, etc. Therefore as Australia’s GDP is higher than Indonesia’s there is an indication of higher living

Meanwhile, the crude death rate in Indonesia in 1970 was 17, 7.9 in 1988, increased slightly to 9 in 1990 and dropped to only 6 in 2006. Furthermore, the infant mortality rate declined from 67 per 1,000 life birth in 1988, 56 in 1990, to 52 in 2000 (Demographic Indicators: Indonesia, http://www.unicef.org). The decline in mortality rates in Indonesia were caused by better standard of living, better families’ health and better education which are also caused by family welfare improvement.

The main problems do seem to be on the surface but actually the problem that really big moral communities exist in Indonesia are so damaged. The humanitarian crisis that is very influential to the development of the Indonesia future now this fact impressed ruled out by the apparatus of Government. This would lead to its nation will be worse and is seen low by other Nations.

Indonesia is a country that is described as having a beautiful scenery and is gorgeous place to live. This doesn’t mean that something with a beautiful scenery does not have any flaws that come with it. Indonesia consists of a group of islands located in Southeast Asia and is between the Indian and the Pacific Ocean. The proper language that is spoken is known as Indonesian or “Bahasa Indonesian”. This is the most common language that is spoken in Indonesia; but is not the only one that is used. Indonesian was first developed in the year 1945, when the declaration of Indonesian independence was first drawn up. Although Indonesian is known as the official language, it is actually the second most used language in Indonesia. Most of the population speaks languages such as Minangkabau or Javanese. These languages are typically spoken at households and the public. Indonesian on the other hand is commonly used at work and in school. The ethnic groups that are usually found in Indonesia include: Javanese (45%), Sundanese (14%), Madurese (7.5%), Coastal Malays (7.5%), and other (26%). Out of these ethnic groups the main religion that is practiced is Muslim (88%) followed by Protestant (5%), Roman Catholic (3%), Hindu (2%), Buddhist (1%) and other (1%). In extension to Indonesians, they are a mix of Chinese, European, Indian, and Malay and even though there population consists of mainly Muslims, they also have a vast amount of Christian Protestants, Catholics, Hindus, and Buddhists.

Concentration of economic activities in the city resulted in a mass of people flocked to the city in the hope of improving their quality of life through economic improvement. As a result, the level of urbanization continues to climb rapidly from year to year, including in Indonesia. Although the high rate of urbanization brought about numerous positive impacts, it also has its share of disadvantages as well, such as uncontrolled urban growth and unplanned urbanization (Arriaga and Beyer 1968; Bolay 2006). Currently more than half of Indonesia's population live in urban areas and the proportion are projected to continue to grow in the future. By 2015, the urban population in Indonesia has reached more than half (53.3%), and is expected to continue to increase every year until it is predicted to reach 68% in 2025 (Badan Pengembangan Statistik 2015).

Indonesia is the sixteenth largest economy, the largest economy in the South-east Asian economic region with the world's fourth largest population (263 million in 2017). It is an emerging economy that has increased its international integration, trade liberalisation and diverted from policies of import substitution towards export-led development. Indonesia is a member of the Group of 20 (G20) major economies and has been an active founding member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). The impact of globalisation has benefited Indonesia as quality of life indicators and economic developments have improved but it also presents the challenge of improving regulations, building more competitive industries, increasing investment into education and infrastructure to remain competitive. Consequently, Indonesia has introduced numerous strategies to promote economic growth and development.

After Suharto ended his long dictatorial reign in 1998 there was a substantial increase in religious and ethnic conflict in Indonesia. Author Jacques Bertrand claims religious and ethnic conflict defined Indonesia’s national model. This resulted in three critical junctures during Suharto’s retirement of his sovereign rule. The three critical junctures defined Indonesia’s “terms of citizenship, and give meaning to the structure and procedures of an institution” (Bertrand, 20). When Suharto left as dictator, major political and social changes consumed Indonesia, which threatened the Indonesian realm. The people of Indonesia struggled to define their sense of nationalism.

Bahasa Indonesia is the national language but interestingly has faced similar challenges in many parts of the country to that with the adoption of Hindi as the national language in India. Indeed in Bali, Balinese is widely spoken.

Welcome to Indonesia, a nation made of the world’s largest island chain. Despite the difference between the inhabitants of more than 1,000 islands, many play the same games. Let’s look at a few of these games to better know the Indonesian people.

In 2014 Indonesia’s new President, Joko Widodo, planned to end government corruption and improve the economic reform. Indonesia currently struggles with extreme poverty, inadequate infrastructure for the rapidly growing nation, and economic and social reform issues. It has implemented a 20 year development social and infrastructure revision plan beginning in 2005 and projected to end in 2025.

One of the development goals of the Republic of Indonesia is improving the quality of human. Theoretically, the example human quality are intelligent, educated and healthy, will always improve quality and at the same time as members of the community will help to improve the quality of community life. The role of life quality can be seen from the increase in income, housing quality, good health and others. But in reality the relationship is not only the unidirectional, but reciprocity. High quality of life will also affect the quality of the human being. For example, a high income is able to provide nutritional diversity to the intellectual development of children and the opportunity to improve higher education.

Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia dibagi atas daerah-daerah provinsi. Daerah provinsi itu dibagi lagi atas daerah kabupaten dan daerah kota. Setiap daerah provinsi, daerah kabupaten, dan daerah kota mempunyai pemerintahan daerah yang diatur dengan undang-undang. Pemerintahan daerah provinsi, daerah kabupaten, dan kota mengatur dan mengurus sendiri urusan pemerintahan menurut asas otonomi dan tugas