Industrial Revolution: The Lowell Experiment

Lowell factories started to be made so the owners needed workers; the owners chose to use girls to work in the factories. Women got paid less during that time period so it would be cheaper for the owners. The women who worked in the mills were called mill girls, they were usually 15 to 35 years old. Mill girls worked 12 hours for 6 days a week, and lived in boarding houses. The textile corporations of Lowell paid higher wages than textile cities even though the work was difficult and tiring and that it was bad for their health. The mill girls protested the wage cuts few have succeeded.

Specifically, the Lowell Mill Girls. The Lowell Mills was one of the first known textile factories in the industrial revolution, and brought advances in materials such as clothes. Francis Cabot Lowell, founded The Lowell Mills in 1820, and started his production of Textiles, “By 1840, the factories in Lowell employed at some estimates more than 8,000 textile workers, commonly known as mill girls or factory girls.”(The Gilder Lehrman institute of American History) The Lowell Mill girls ranged in age from 7 to 30 and faced the same common factory working conditions and wage obstacles, but as the girls were younger, they had even less rights, lower wages and are known to have been torn from their families and old farming

The Byzantine Empire, seen as a direct continuation of the Roman Empire, lasted approximately from 500-1450 CE. This empire proved to be a valuable city for both the Greeks as well as the Romans. Throughout history, the Aegean Sea, the Bosphorus Strait, and Constantinople all impacted Roman history through constant trade and achievements. Other than trade, perfecting the oil industry, and the construction of aqueducts, conduits, and tunnels was other main achievements.

These mills were different as they had seen a major advancement in machinery whereby they were able to combine processes such as spinning and weaving under one roof. This meant more production of goods and an increase in profit as the companies only had to rely on the mills to not only transform raw materials but also weave them into finished goods – cloth. According to Tindall, and in contrast to the English mills, the founders of the Lowell mills opened up the mills in the countryside as they were less crowded, and their workers would be able to receive paternal guidance whereby they were required to live in the housing provided by the company and away from unpleasant urban conditions, and attend church every Sunday. The aim of the founders was to introduce a system whereby their workers would not only gain monetarily but also spiritually and form healthy relationships. Most of the factory workers at the Lowell mills were mainly of the female sex as most men had migrated westward in search of cheap land and economic opportunities. The Lowell mills also employed mostly young women because they were dexterous in operating the machinery, and were willing to work for lower wages than those paid to men. The “Lowell experiment” was supposed to provide the young women with tolerable work conditions, prepared meals, comfortable boarding houses, education and cultural privileges. However, as years passed by the expectations changed and they women became weary and formed strikes in protest to their conditions. A thorough analysis of Harriet Robinson’s Loom and Spindle: Or Life Among the Early Mill Girls shows the reasons behind the strikes at the Lowell

The United States attracted many immigrants as it gave opportunity to farm or work in urban areas, which was appealing for people like the Irish, who experienced famine and depression in their home, many Irishmen moved to America, and population wise

Lowell, Massachusetts was named after Francis Cabot Lowell who was known for inventing a way to manufacture textiles in factories. After he discovered a new way of manufacturing textiles, on 1836 it created factory jobs for New England women. Lowell Factories were estimated to have 52 million workers, more than 10,000 were mainly women. The majority of Mill Girls were women and children that ranged from ages thirteen to late twenties. The girls wrote the documents like “Complaint of a Lowell Worker,” to expose the strict and poor treatment of the female workers.

The industrial revolution was a time when British North America took steps towards being a more market-orientated society that was reliant on slaves. They were forced to diversify their economy by the English civil war and increased immigration. They employed fishing and whaling, and more young men were taking up trades such as blacksmithing. Tanning, and shoemaking. There were too major developments of the New England economy. First, the creation of paper money. Second, an increase of manufacturing. The biggest part of this was shipbuilding. The demand for ships further diversified the economy by creating jobs for loggers, millworkers, and carpenters. The Chesapeake colonies were forced to diversify during this time because of the

The Lowell Mills, in Massachusetts, before the Market Revolution bosses acted like family and they were paternal to their workers. Prior to the market revolution, paternalism guided the relationships between employers and their workers. Paternalism meant that employers took care of their workers in a similar way to how they would care for their own family members. In times, employers would keep their workers working instead of firing them, and they would overlook transgressions such as tardiness. They would also take care of workers in their old age. As the Lowell Mills exemplified, the demands of the market, however, fundamentally changed this relationship. Between 1822 and 1839, Lowell's population grew from 200 to 18,000 people and the mills rivaled the world's major textile centers. Lowell was unique for its size, but also because it employed mostly young, single women rather than men, like the vast majority of other mills and factories. Lowell chose women because they received less wages since they were perceived as not having a family to feed. They were also seen as more obedient and less rebellious, and their smaller hands were believed to be more dexterous and suitable for detailed textile work. Lured by the potential of the market, the Lowell Mills departed from the traditional paternalism and instead sought to maximize profits. As the women's wages decreased, the pace of work and the regimentation of the work place increased. Moreover, workers became deskilled because they only made one part of the final product instead of the product in its

During the 1800s people around the globe began experiencing a different lifestyle and workforce. Before this time, people worked on farms in small villages without any form electricity to be able to provide for their families. All of this began to change when an agricultural revolution, lead by the Dutch, arose. From that point on invention after invention and discovery after discovery was brought into the evolving world. It was a rapid change that really never stopped. To this day, scientists build off the ideas that first commenced in the 19th century.

The 1800's in the United States of America was an era of change, conflicts with Native Americans and lynching still was around, but the United States Of America was striving in the Industry. The industrial revolution. With the industrial revolution , people in Chicago had more jobs but it came with a price, Exploration, Encounter and Exchange, Exploration of better labor conditions , Encountering labor hour conflicts and wages , Exchanging labor revolution. After the Haymarket riot many will be inspired to explore better labor conditions , thus making conditions better for workers

Poets have always written in their own unique ways that are different from others. All poets have their own style of writing that sets them apart and allows them to appeal to different audiences. William Shakespeare was especially well known and still is because of this amazing ability to write such good plays. Shakespeare’s play The Tragedy of Macbeth displays several characters who struggle with indecision and internal conflict. The characters who face these struggles are also faced with making tough decisions that have a lasting affect on how the play is developed.

America has been expanding and growing since its birth out of Great Britain. The Industrial Revolution has been an influence in the American life since it first in the 1700s. “Most families did not have enough to sell at the market- they had just enough for their own needs.” Up until the factories started booming and employment rates skyrocketed, people really couldn’t become wealthy and live a decent life. As the ways of farming grew the English at the time began to use up more and more land efficiently. “Unusable swamplands could be drained and used for crops.” That’s absolutely amazing that in this era they could turn swamps into areas to raise more crops so they can naturally make more money at the markets and become a bit wealthier. Farming is one of the most important lively hoods of mankind; no matter what argument anyone tries to make. If we didn’t have farming and agricultural production we wouldn’t have all the different sorts of food products we do, nor would they be as abundant. Life would be like it was before the Industrial Revolution came about and most of us would still be growing our own food and barely scraping by in life. With all this agricultural expansion of the time population in England start expanding drastically as well. Thanks to population growth people started to worry more about new inventions and producing stuff for us to make our day to day lives easier than we could have ever before. With all the technological advancements leading up to

Think about your life for one second: you communicate with people, travel, make purchases, and utilize those commodities. But have you ever wondered what made those things possible? After all, you go to the store to buy things you need. You drive a car to work and to visit your friends. If you need to talk to someone, you simply pick up your phone or computer. However, none of this would be possible without a means of communication, factories to manufacture the products you need, places to work, and ways to travel and transport goods. And what made these possible? The answer is the Industrial Revolution, which started in Europe around the year 1730. A revolution is a major change or turning point in something. The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was the quintessence of capitalistic ideals; it bred controversy that led to Karl Marx’s idea of communism as a massive grass roots reaction to the revolution’s social abuses. Firstly, the Industrial Revolution featured the construction of machines, systems and factories that allowed goods to be manufactured at a faster rate with a lower cost. The seed drill made it so there could be “a semi-automated, controlled distribution and plantation of wheat seed”(Jones 2013). Secondly, there was a great social and economic divide between the wealthy owners and the poor workers, which gave rise to the mass’s vulnerability to the advent of extreme socialism. Figures of authority severely oppressed their employees by giving them insufficient pay, a treacherous work environment, and even making some children work more than 12 hours per day (Cranny 150). Finally, far right capitalism created a brutal boom and bust cycle of economics that made, for the multitude at the bottom, a perpetual nightmare of poverty and death. People responded to this social situation by taking part in violent protests; oppression sires rebellion. The Industrial Revolution was the chassis of great imagination and progress of political, economic, and social force that still affects this world today.

Hester Prynne lived in a small cottage on the outskirts of Boston, Massachusetts in 1642. The Puritan society was a group of people that lived in this village and town. They are very religious and use the Bible and God as their standard for behavior and punishment. This group of people, especially Puritan women are very intimidating and ruthless. They love watching people be punished and embarrassed when they committed a sinful crime. Hester Prynne is one of the first characters to be introduced to readers. Nathaniel Hawthorne describes Hester Prynne as a tall woman “with a figure of perfect elegance on a large scale. She had dark and abundant hair, so glossy that it threw off the sunshine with a gleam, and a face which, besides being beautiful from regularity of feature and richness of complexion, had the impressiveness belonging to a marked brow and deep black eyes” (Hawthorne 60). Hester was the lady every guy wanted. She was stunning and so graceful. However she had committed one of the worst sins.