Industrialization Expansion in Russia and Japan Essay

Between the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, Japan’s economy developed remarkably. China had also developed economically; however, not near as much as Japan. The Japanese government industrialized greatly and encouraged western influence, but the Chinese government did the opposite.

Industrialization in the late 19th century was commencing across the globe. Japan's industrialization was a fast one, completing what took Europe a century, in a single decade. With a highly advanced military and government stability, Japan to control of territory in modern day Korea. Russia was one of the countries that began to industrialize after losing to Japan in a war. The embarrassment Russia held for losing to what they considered an inferior country, sparked the government to industrialize, to avoid further humiliation. Impeding industrialization in both areas, took a toll on the lower class, and forced ex-farmers to become factory workers. This caused urbanization, as people were required to live near factories, located in cities. Although Japan and Russia differed in their sources of income for the process

This included the elimination of feudalism and the establishment of a more centralized government. For example, in 1889, the emperor established a new constitution modeled after several European nations. He also changed education to focus more on math and science, instead of Japanese culture. Although several groups resented these decisions, Emperor Mutsuhito's decisions helped Japan to grow and become more successful.

The government than also led in the way of building railways and shipping lines, telegraphs and telephone systems, three shipyards, ten mines, fifty-three consumer industries. The Meiji Government opened their borders, allowing japan to improve their basic infrastructure, improving communication and to be able to travel from city to city easier. The markets were often based on main roads/path ways, rivers and special temples so that the local sellers are able to easily bring their items to the markets, according to (The Program for Teaching East Asia 2008). In doing this Japan was able to become more richer and Emperor Meiji was able to turn Japan into a modern world power as we see it

How did industrialization effect Russia? In the early 19th century, Russia developed trade relations with other European countries and shipped out large amounts of grain. Most of the revenue that went into the empire filled the pockets of aristocrats and land-owners, but it wasn’t used as income to develop an industrialized economy. Industrial projects and incentives were requested often, but it rarely happened. Many felt as if it threatened financial interests of landowners. There was some heavy industry taking place (oil, steel, mining, etc.), but compared to Russia’s rivals, it was very small. It finally took a loss in the Crimean War to show the desperate need for Russian industrialization. Industrialization for Russia expanded economic and industrial growth, but caused major problems.

In order to do this, both had to change a reigning czar, Peter I, revolution finalized the change as the communist leaders Lenin and Stalin ousted the czars and nationalized national assets. In Japan, the Mejii restoration had to stop and warring factions and creates a single ru.er. From there, the only newly centralized government could dictate what had to be done to expand. Thus new centralization worked extremely well.

By focusing on industrialization Stalin was able to increase industrial production and population growth. In doing so, Stalin began to transform the economy and catch up western nations. Similar to Russia, after a war the japanese established a new government, the Meiji Restoration. The new government abolished feudalism and created a centralized bureaucracy ruled by an emperor. This new leader introduced radical government reforms which helped close the technology gap between Japan and the West. In 1870 Russia was pushing forward with modernized ideas of rail lines and exports in the mining field. By 1903 Russia had completed its first transactional rail roald which allowed for exports and expansion of other industries to grow, and Russia became the largest industrial employer. Russia began to invest increasingly in manufacturing to compete with the foreign nations. New ideas of infrastructure also occured in Japan this included state built railroads, naval vessels and investments in agriculture. Japan was able to progress agriculture which was more similar to the ideas United

Two ships can arrive at the same destination; however that does not necessarily mean that they used the same route on their journey. Such is the same with the industrialization of Britain and Japan. Both rose to become the two great pioneers of the modern world; however the paths they took to success were different. This paper will compare Japan and Britain, exploring the causes of its industrialization, and how the countries drastically changed because of it. What sets Britain’s industrialization process apart from Japans is that it did not have a role model to base its development on; it was the first industrial nation. Therefore the cause of its industrialization must have much

There were new industrial enterprises developed during this time. An abundance of mines were created along with the creating of new weapons for the Russian military. The government encouraged people to open small businesses therefore not only benefiting their lives but helping better the economy.

The Allies broke up the Japanese army and forbid the officers from having political roles in the new government the United States was going to create. McArthur also, economically wanted to increase the power on farmers and reduce rich power, because they supported the idea of Japanese expansion. For the transformation of the Japanese economy McArthur wanted to shape the Japan’s economy into a free market capitalism structure. The United States wanted to restore Japan’s economy, because that way they will refuse to Soviet communism. Furthermore, Japan was given a new constitution, this constitution cased greater changes. Some of the changes that occurred with this new constitution is that Japan was to repudiate the idea to wage war, give woman suffrage, and most importantly is that there would be an emperor, but give more power to the

The reason for this similarity stems from the theme of nationalism. As people became more patriotic, they wanted their country to be superior to others, and industrialization was a way to move a country’s economy forward. In Western Europe, Britain industrialized first due to its fluid and stable political and social structures, transportation infrastructure, inventiveness, and society open to talented and enterprising people. In the 18th century, the economies of continental Europe were hampered by high transportation costs, misguided government regulations, and rigid social structures. Attempts to import British techniques and organize factory production elsewhere sunk due to lack of markets and management skills.

Their government was redone, and everyday society norms were altered significantly. Not to mention, the military was changed as well to become a national army instead of a clan based army. The reforms made led to a modernized, stronger Japan. But the reforms made in the second reinvention were also very influential. This reinvention occurred after WWII, when Japan was trying to come together again after the catastrophic atomic bombings and loss during the war. The US aided greatly in this reinvention, loaning money, reforming social standards, writing a new constitution and more. For example, in an article by Sean Price from the New York Times, Sean spoke of the constitution, “It outlawed war, abolished secret police, liberalized education, and gave women the right to vote. Japan’s voters approved the constitution in 1947 and it is still in use today” (NYT 2). Not only did the US greatly influence the everyday lives of the Japanese, the Japanese worked with the US to agree on these terms, and they approved

Just as a recipe can’t be made without the necessary ingredients, Industrialization cannot occur without the fundamental resources. In this case, Industrialization did not happen in Southern, Central, and Eastern Europe and remained agricultural.

Industrial Revolution in America and Russia The industrial revolution was a tradition way to build new manufacturing, and it appeared in the eighteen century. It was included manufacturing of many goods that people need them and used them around the world such as, machines, chemical manufacturing, and elements. It is the first way that was produced the modern materials for using, and it helped people to have easier life with those productions that they provided.

Thanks to the Industrial Revolution, people, nowadays, live easier and more convenient life than before. Mass production led to cheaper cost of products, which made the supplies meet demands. This revolution started in early to mid-19th century. The first country to be industrialized was Britain. From the capitols from East India Trading Company and resources earned from and of imperialized countries, British were able to start industrialization faster than other countries. Following Britain, US and other European countries began to catch up with industrializations. However, countries outside of Europe and US -which were strong countries at that time period- did not succeed in fast growth of industrialization.