Mohan Shiv Section #1 Boston College Carroll School of Management MM 720 Management Practice I STRATEGIC ANALYSIS Professor MCCLEELLAN Case: Cola wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in the 21st Century September INDUSTRY ANALYSIS OF THE CARBONATED SOFT DRINKS INDUSTRY Description of the Industry The industry of Carbonated Soft Drinks (CSD) is highly concentrated. The three major companies, Coca Cola, PepsiCo, and Cadbury Schweppes accounted in 1998 for more than 90% of market share by case volume Exhibit 1-. Generally, there are 4 participants in the market, involved in the process of production and distribution, namely, concentrate producers, bottlers, retail channels, and suppliers. Porter's 5 forces analysis reveals …show more content…
Moreover, Pepsi attempted to differentiate its products from Coke's by targeting a different category of consumers, as Pepsi focused on the teen's market segment. The competition goes beyond the domestic market. Coke and Pepsi have fought over international markets in order to increase sales and profitability as the US market becomes more mature, with a slowing growth rate. Key trends in the CSD industry The CSD industry has undergone many changes, while Coke and Pepsi continued to maintain their positioning as the official competitors and dominant market players. The key trends in the industry include: 1- Favorable demographic trends that boosted the sales of Coke and Pepsi. The per capita consumption of carbonated soft drinks increased from 22.7 to 53 gallons over the period 1970-2000 See Exhibit 4- The sales of Coke went up from 5.5 billion $ in 1980 to 20.5 billion $ in 2000. Likewise, Pepsi has nearly quadrupled its total sales over the same period to 20.4 billion $. 2- The change in the consumers' taste is another key trend in the industry. Many substitutes to carbonated soft drinks gained more popularity among consumers. Exhibit 5 shows an increase in the consumption of bottled water from 11.8 in 1998 to 13.2 gallons/capita in 2000, and that of juices from 10 to 10.4 gallons/capita at the expense of
The company known as Coca-Cola today was started in September of 1919, but the first Coke brand was served as early as 1886. Since that time it has grown to be one of the most globally recognized brand names with a stock value of $167 billion. Coke’s plan has always been developed with the future in mind. Right away the company realized that it was more profitable to manufacture the concentrate used to make carbonated drinks than to bottle it. From that point on they saw the entire world, not simply the originating country, as their desired market. It seems only practical that the company should pursue this agenda until conquered then focus the effort on expanding into different product lines. This logical
The primary driver of non-alcoholic beverages in the U.S. is soft drinks, carbonated beverages that are flavored and don’t contain alcohol. The multibillion dollar U.S. soft drink industry consists
The existing concentrate business is largely controlled by Coca-Cola Company (Coca-Cola) and PepsiCo (Pepsi), together claiming a combined 72% of the U.S. carbonated soft drink (CSD) market sales volume in 2009. Refer to Exhibit 1 for an illustration of the CSD industry value chain. For more than a century, Coca-Cola and Pepsi have maintained growth and large market shares through mastering five competitive forces, shown in Exhibit 2, that drive profitability and shape the industry structure.
The soft drink industry in the United States is a highly profitably, but competitive market. In 2000 alone, consumers on average drank 53 gallons of soft drinks per person a year. There are three major companies that hold the majority of sales in the carbonated soft drink industry in the United States. They are the Coca Cola Company with 44.1% market share, followed by The Pepsi-Cola Company with 31.4% market share, and Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. with 14.7% market share. Each company respectively has numerous brands that it sales. These top brands account for almost 73% of soft drink sales in the United States. Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. owns two of the top ten
Porter’s (2008) competitive forces play a significant role in the success of the concentrate producers (CPs) in this industry. The forces are "threat of new entrants, rivalry among existing competitors, bargaining power of buyers, threat of substitute products or services, and bargaining power of suppliers" (p. 27). Concentrate producers usually produce carbonated soft drink (CSD). Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cora are known as two big CPs in the world.
In an industry dominated by two heavyweight contenders, Coke and Pepsi, in fact, between 1996 and 2004 per capita consumption of carbonated soft drinks (CSD) remained between 52 to 54 gallons per year. Consumption grew by an average of 3% per year over the next three decades. Fueling this growth were the increasing availability of CSD, the introduction of diet and flavored varieties, and brand extensions. There is couple of reasons why the industry is so profitable such as market share, availability and diversity and brand name and world class marketing.
stores counted on soft drinks to generate consumer traffic, so they needed Coke and Pepsi products. But due
There has been a recent shift in American product demands. As health concerns such as obesity and diabetes have become more apparent in American society, consumers have been demanding healthier options. This trend has led to a rise in sales for water and wellness beverages and a decline in sales of sugary beverages such as soda. Last year, for the first time in history, bottled water sales surpassed pop sales. Beverage companies in response are expanding and changing their options.
As we all go about our day, we rush to place to place. Around us there are things for sale, people everywhere trying to make money. As we are rushing around, we all tend to get thirsty as we have a thousand things going on. In America we have dozens of choices when it comes to soft drinks, although the two most widely known are Coca-Cola and Pepsi. Many are often stuck between choosing Coke or Pepsi; even though they are slightly different in appearance, taste, and price it makes a world of difference to the customer.
Non-carbonated soft drinks have been gaining popularity in the past decade, increasing from 13% in 2000 to 17% in 2009. This growing popularity has resulted in the generation of both local and global strategies by CSD firms unwilling to lose out on the budding market. In order to capitalize on the opportunity, both C&P greatly expanded their lines of beverages to include sports drinks like Gatorade and tea-based drinks like Lipton. Majority of drinks introduced during this time were non-CSDs. Besides creating new products, Coke also aggressively gained market share through acquisitions and extending their fountain services to include coffee and tea.
The interactions between the two major players allows for the creation of a level of competition, where both companies are consistently seeking to improve their businesses processes to remain competitive with the other. Each company also has a set of pricing and output decisions that not only effect their organization but the entire industry in general. One of the most pressing trends for both companies is that consumers are generally becoming more health conscious and beginning to shun carbonated beverages.
The three major participants in US market: concentrate producers, bottlers, and retail outlets. In the U.S. market, there are about 500 bottlers, and Concentrate producers are either owned or
Coca-Cola Enterprises (CCE) is the world’s largest marketer, producer, and distributor of Coca-Cola Company products. These products extend beyond traditional carbonated soft drinks to beverages, e.g., still and sparkling waters, juices, isotonics, teas, and energy, milk-based, and coffee-based drinks. CCE dis- tributes Coca-Cola brands, e.g., Coke, Dasani, Sprite, Barq’s, Fresca, Hi-C, Nestea, Powerade, and Minute Maid, and also beverage brands of several other com- panies. In 2005, CCE distributed two billion phys- ical cases (containing 42 billion bottles and cans), representing 20 percent of the Coca-Cola Company’s worldwide volume. While CCE is a publicly traded company, the Coca-Cola Company owns 36 percent of its stock. Coca-Cola has outsourced its production and dis- tribution to its bottling and
“When it comes to the king of pop, only Michael Jackson tops Coca-Cola. The soda giant is one of the most recognizable companies in the world, with annual sales north of $45 billion” (Tamara Walsh, TMFSocialME). For years, there has been a “cola war” between Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola. This has urged cola drinkers to test these two products and compare them in many different areas. Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola may be the most popular soft drinks in the United States, causing the two to be at war, however, they both have many similarities and differences in terms of sales and social media/advertising.
However, no matter what the advertisements claim, the statistics concerning the shares and value of each company cannot lie. The Coca-Cola Company dominates the soft-drink market by owning four of the global top five soft-drink brands, which include Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Fanta, and Sprite. The Coca-Cola Company makes or licenses more than 400 drink products in more than 200 nations. In 2006, Coca Cola’s sales reached 24,088 million dollars and had a net income of about 5,080 million dollars, with 71,000 employees working in the company. PepsiCo, Incorporated is the largest snack maker and second largest soft-drink maker in the world. It sells beverages and snacks in approximately 200 nations as well. In 2006, its sales reached 35,137 million dollars and had a net income of $5,642 dollars with 168,000 employees working in the company. With these numbers, one can assume that Pepsi is earning more profit if wages payouts are not considered, but Pepsi has a large number of workers working for